Detailed instructions nginx location

Source: https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoliangup/p/9175932.html

Nginx the HTTP configuration includes three blocks, the following structure: 
HTTP protocol level {// This is 
　　the include the mime.types; 
　　default_type file application / OCTET-Stream; 
　　keepalive_timeout 65; 
　　the gzip ON; 
　　　　Server {// This is the server level 
　　　　　　listen 80 ; 
　　　　　　server_name localhost; 
　　　　　　　　LOCATION / {// the request level is 
　　　　　　　　　　the root HTML; 
　　　　　　　　　　index index.html index.htm; 
　　　　　　　　} 
　　　　　　} 
}

location section

Request with a client by specifying the URI matches the pattern, the basic syntax is as follows: LOCATION [= | ~ | ~ * | ^ ~ | @] ...... pattern {}

1, there is no modifier, said: must begin with a specified pattern, such as:

server {
　　server_name baidu.com;
　　location /abc {
　　　　……
　　}
}

So, the following is right:
http://baidu.com/abc
http://baidu.com/abc?p1
http://baidu.com/abc/
http://baidu.com/abcde

 

2, represents =: must exactly match the specified pattern

{Server 
server_name SISH 
　　LOCATION = / ABC { 
　　　　...... 
　　} 
} 
Then, the following is: 
http://baidu.com/abc 
http://baidu.com/abc?p1 
following is wrong: 
HTTP: // baidu .com / abc / 
http://baidu.com/abcde

 

3, ~ said: specified regular expression is case sensitive

{Server 
server_name Baidu.com; 
　　LOCATION ~ ^ / ABC $ { 
　　　　...... 
　　} 
} 
Then, the following is: 
http://baidu.com/abc 
http://baidu.com/abc?p1=11&p2=22 
follows is wrong: 
http://baidu.com/ABC 
http://baidu.com/abc/ 
http://baidu.com/abcde

 

4, ~ * said: specified regular expression case insensitive

{Server 
server_name Baidu.com; 
LOCATION ~ ^ * / {$ ABC 
　　　　...... 
　　} 
} 
Then, the following is: 
http://baidu.com/abc 
HTTP: //baidu..com/ABC 
HTTP: // baidu ..com / abc p1 = 11 & p2 = 22? 
the following is wrong: 
HTTP: //baidu..com/abc/ 
HTTP: //baidu..com/abcde

 

5, no modifiers ^ ~ similar behavior, but also began to specify the mode, except that, if the pattern matches,
then stop searching for the other modes.
6, @: define named location segments which segments can not access the customer can only be generated by the internal request
seeking access to, such as try_files or the like error_page

And priority search order
1: an exact match with the "=" Priority
2: No exact match modifier
3: regular expressions in the order they are defined in the configuration file
4: with "^ ~" modifier, match beginning
5: with "~" or "~ *" modifier, if the regular expression matching URI
6: no modifier, if the URI matches the specified string at the beginning of

Location exemplary block matching

 LOCATION = / { 
　　# only match / query. 
　　[Configuration A] 
} 
LOCATION / { 
　　# matches any query / start, but the regular expression and some of the longer string is matched first. 
　　[Configuration B] 
} 
LOCATION ^ ~ / images / { 
　　# matches any / starting query / images and stop searching, regular expressions are not checked. 
　　[Configuration C] 
} 
LOCATION ~ * \. (GIF | JPG | JPEG) {$ 
　　# matches any, jpg, or gif jpeg files to the end, but all requests / images / directory will Configuration C at the 
　　treatment. 
　　[Configuration D] 
} various 
processing request in the following example: 
■ / Configuration → A 
■ / Documents / document.html Configuration → B 
■ / Images / 1.gif Configuration → C 
■ / Documents / 1.jpg Configuration → D

 

root, alias command difference

location / img / { 
    alias / var / www / image /; 
}

# If the above configuration in accordance with the words, / img / directory of the file is accessed, ningx will automatically go to / var / www / image / directory to find the file

location /img/ {
    root /var/www/image;
}

When # If in this configuration, then the files in the / img / directory access, nginx will go to look for the files in / var / www / image / img / directory. ]

alias alias is a defined directory, root is defined in the top directory.

Another important difference is that behind the alias must use the "/" end, otherwise it will not find the file. . . The root is optional ~~