1 Introduction
Knowledge is a map that contains a lot of technical knowledge content, in general, is associated with the processing of knowledge, core data, but stressed that the relationship between the data. Simple point of view, can be regarded as a database or knowledge base, and the Semantic Web are inextricably linked. Knowledge maps by Google first proposed to optimize its search capabilities, after obtaining the vigorous development, more and more people study.
Emergence of the knowledge map, is not easy, there is a slow process of evolution, including now, still in development. Development of knowledge map, can be explained in many ways, such as open-minded linked data, knowledge representation, knowledge, reasoning, knowledge storage, etc., along with information technology, especially the development of artificial intelligence, knowledge maps continuous integration of new technologies, continuous development and improvement. Here we focus on the formation of knowledge of graph theory.
2 Information Memex machine
In 1945, an American scientist Vannevar Bush in the "Atlantic Monthly" published an article "As We May Think", proposed the idea of an information machine, it looks like the figure below.
In the vision of Dr. Bush, this machine can also be networked with the library. By some mechanism, the library's film collection, automatically loaded onto the local machine. Therefore, only by this one machine, you can achieve vast amounts of information retrieval. He would such a machine named Memex, which is "memory extender" This is the first word of the two word combinations, which means "memory extension."
Paper describes the vision of such a machine, "Wholly new forms of encyclopedias will appear, ready-made with a mesh of associative trails running through them, ready to be dropped into the memex and there amplified."
The envisaged impact is very large, but many early computer paper are referred to this machine. Then, the switching information described herein, the invention is directly inspired "Hypertext Protocol" (Hypertext) a. Now, we jump between different links on the Internet, its origins can be traced to this article.
3 a hyperlink-based WEB
March 1989, Sir Tim Bernard Lee (Tim Berners-Lee) to CERN submitted a project proposal, it recommended Hypertext (Hypertext) inside the laboratories of CERN to connect, built in the system after, it will likely be extended to the whole world.
In the proposal, there is a passage to the hypertext as the core web, than the way the use of a hierarchical structure, it is easier to accept and let the heat spread.
This is why a "web" of notes with links (like references) between them is far more useful than a fixed hierarchical system. When describing a complex system, many people resort to diagrams with circles and arrows. Circles and arrows leave one free to describe the interrelationships between things in a way that tables, for example, do not. The system we need is like a diagram of circles and arrows, where circles and arrows can stand for anything.
This paper describes the use of hypertext circles and arrows free to describe anything, to be more flexible than the use of a table hierarchy, especially in describing complex systems, a more prominent role, this is the hypertext role. The core idea of this idea is now more popular mind mapping, the use of divergent thinking, to establish contact.
4 to link data at the core of the Semantic Web
The concept of the Semantic Web is put forward in 1998 by the World Wide Web Consortium, Tim, and its core is by giving documents on the World Wide Web: The Semantic "metadata" is added (such as HTML documents, XML documents) can be understood by the computer (Foreign Language: meta data), so that the entire Internet as a medium of exchange general information.
Unlike now Semantic Web WWW, the WWW is a document for the conventional and for the Semantic Web document represented by the data, and more emphasis on the semantic network computer "understanding and treatment", and has a certain judgment, reasoning.
In 2006 Tim Berners - Lee at Princeton University and post-speech interview said publicly that he initially this intelligence network named Semantic Web might not appropriate, perhaps a more accurate name should be a data network (Foreign Language: Data Web).
5 Google mapping knowledge, things, not strings
Link data continue to accumulate, the amount of data in a geometric order of magnitude increase, how to make better use of these data, the search engine company Google proposed the concept of knowledge map. Dr. Singh has said, The world is not made of strings, but is made of things.
Knowledge Mapping proposed aimed at better use of open data links, the search string into a search for things in the real world, will be a thing through the internal characteristics (properties) external links (relationships), and three-dimensional presentation in front of people the mapping knowledge to be seen as a relationship-based giant map, atlas, dot represents objective things, while representing the attribute or relationship between things.
6 Conclusion
In the evolution of the knowledge map, there are many ideas and technology has played a very big role, such as ontology, originally the concept of philosophy, is introduced into the Knowledge Graph to guide knowledge representation, knowledge makes the knowledge map represents more standardized, it can be understood as a computer, played an integral role in the development of the knowledge map.