4.1.sed options
sed, the stream editor. Standard output file line by line or process.
Syntax
- The first: stdout | sed [option] "pattern command"
- The second: sed [option] "pattern command" file
Options
- -n print-only mode matching lines
- sed -e to edit directly from the command line, the default option
- -f editing actions are saved in a file, specify the file execution
- -r supports extended regular expressions
- -i directly modify the contents of the file
Examples
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat test.txt I love python I love PYTHON Hadoop is bigdata frame [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -n 'p' test.txt I love python I love PYTHON Hadoop is bigdata frame [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -n '/python/p' test.txt I love python [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -n -e '/python/p' -e '/PYTHON/p' test.txt I love python I love PYTHON [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
-f option to edit the text into action
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat edit.txt /python/p [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -n -f edit.txt test.txt I love python [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
-i modification
sed -i 's/love/like/g' test.txt
Detailed pattern of 4.2.sed
pattern with published
(1) directly specifying the line number
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -n '17p' /etc/passwd dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
(2) specify the starting and ending line number line number
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -n '10,13p' /etc/passwd operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
(3) specify the starting line number, and then back rows N
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -n '10,+5p' /etc/passwd operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin avahi-autoipd:x:170:170:Avahi IPv4LL Stack:/var/lib/avahi-autoipd:/sbin/nologin systemd-bus-proxy:x:999:997:systemd Bus Proxy:/:/sbin/nologin [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
(4) / pattern1 line / regular expression matching
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -n '/derek/p' /etc/passwd derektest:x:1001:1001::/home/derektest:/bin/bash derek:x:1002:1002::/home/derek:/bin/bash [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
（5）/pattern1/,/pattern2/
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -n '/nginx/,/derek/p' /etc/passwd nginx:x:993:991:Nginx web server:/var/lib/nginx:/sbin/nologin memcached:x:992:990:Memcached daemon:/run/memcached:/sbin/nologin redis:x:991:989:Redis Database Server:/var/lib/redis:/sbin/nologin derektest:x:1001:1001::/home/derektest:/bin/bash [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
（6）linenumber,/pattern1/
30 matches from the start line until the match to the end of the line derek
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -n '30,/derek/p' /etc/passwd mysql:x:27:27:MySQL Server:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/bash nginx:x:993:991:Nginx web server:/var/lib/nginx:/sbin/nologin memcached:x:992:990:Memcached daemon:/run/memcached:/sbin/nologin redis:x:991:989:Redis Database Server:/var/lib/redis:/sbin/nologin derektest:x:1001:1001::/home/derektest:/bin/bash [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
（7）/pattern1/,linenumber
Starting nginx line to end line 35
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -n '/nginx/,35p' /etc/passwd nginx:x:993:991:Nginx web server:/var/lib/nginx:/sbin/nologin memcached:x:992:990:Memcached daemon:/run/memcached:/sbin/nologin redis:x:991:989:Redis Database Server:/var/lib/redis:/sbin/nologin derektest:x:1001:1001::/home/derektest:/bin/bash derek:x:1002:1002::/home/derek:/bin/bash [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
The delete 4.3.sed
（1）p
Inquire
sed -N '1p' test.txt
(2) d delete
Delete 1 to 3 lines
sed -i '1,3d' test.txt
Remove to begin with '' Beau '', in order to "Simp" beginning, middle, all rows
test.txt
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat test.txt
Beautiful is better than ugly.
Explicit is better than implicit.
Simple is better than complex.
Complex is better than complicated.
Flat is better than nested.
Sparse is better than dense.
Readability counts.
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
sed -i '/^Beau/,/^Simp/d' test.txt
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat test.txt Complex is better than complicated. Flat is better than nested. Sparse is better than dense. Readability counts
The increase 4.4.sed
（3）a
After the match to the line additional content
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat test.txt Complex is better than complicated. Flat is better than nested. Sparse is better than dense. Readability counts. [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -i '/Flat/a zhang-derek' test.txt [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat test.txt Complex is better than complicated. Flat is better than nested. zhang-derek Sparse is better than dense. Readability counts. [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
（4）i
Front row to match the additional content
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat test.txt Complex is better than complicated. Flat is better than nested. Sparse is better than dense. Readability counts. [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -i '/Flat/i zhang-derek' test.txt [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat test.txt Complex is better than complicated. zhang-derek Flat is better than nested. Sparse is better than dense. Readability counts. [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
（5）r
After the line in the specified file appends to climb match
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat list.txt xxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyy [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat test.txt Complex is better than complicated. Flat is better than nested. Sparse is better than dense. Readability counts. [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -i '/Flat/r list.txt' test.txt [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat test.txt Complex is better than complicated. Flat is better than nested. xxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyy Sparse is better than dense. Readability counts. [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
（6）w
The match line to save the contents to other documents
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat test.txt Complex is better than complicated. Flat is better than nested. xxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyy Sparse is better than dense. Readability counts. [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# touch 1.txt [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -i '/^xxx/,/^yyy/w 1.txt' test.txt [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat 1.txt xxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyy [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
4.5.sed of modification
- s / pattern / string to replace only the first row
- s / pattern / string / g to replace all the all the lines
- s / pattern / string / ig replace all, and a case-insensitive
Examples
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat 2.txt i like python i like english I like django I like flask,flask,flask [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -i 's/flask/Flask/g' 2.txt [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat 2.txt i like python i like english I like django I like Flask,Flask,Flask
. Backreferences 4.6
Example one
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat 3.txt hadAAp hadBBp hadCCp hadDDp [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -i 's/had..p/&ss/g' 3.txt [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat 3.txt hadAApss hadBBpss hadCCpss hadDDpss [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
Description: "&" indicates that the matched content, the result is to match all content in the back plus "ss"
Example Two
[root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat 3.txt hadAApss hadBBpss hadCCpss hadDDpss [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# sed -i 's/\(had\)...../\1derek/g' 3.txt [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]# cat 3.txt hadderek hadderek hadderek hadderek [root@VM_0_9_centos shell_learn]#
Description: "\ 1" and "&" The difference is that the "\ 1" to reverse part of the matching reference to the content, and then modify it, "&" can only modify the content of the whole match, not split