Good programmers to share knowledge points succinctly and Big Data Big Data's Linux - What is Linux? Linux is an operating system, Linux is not the application of the basic idea of two things: first, everything is a file; second, every software has identified uses.
Shell-- command-line interpreter, to follow a certain command syntax will be explained and passed to the input of the system. The default bash.
Characteristics of the hard disk partition that can have up to four primary partitions; only one extended partition;
object of the present to create a logical extended; object is to create a logical partition can have more than 4, there may be up to 64 logical; primary (primary) + extended (extended partition) up to four.
Primary = P; Extended = E; the Logical = L P + E + L + L: / dev / hda1, / dev / hda2, / dev / hda5, / dev / hda6
the Linux hard disk partition needs, Linux can be installed on the hard disk partition which either or each can write data to the hard disk partition. There are at least two partitions. In addition :
Root partition, Linux operating system folder equivalent to the windows directory windows system.
Boot, the boot partition, which is mounted in the boot and the boot program linux kernel grub, 100 for boot ~
200M.
usr, the equivalent of windows application directory programe files.
home, each user's home directory linux, after the user logs into the directory own directory.
var, variable directory, put the log files and other frequently changes occur.
Swap, swap, equivalent to twice the windows virtual memory file, memory size.
bash is a program written for GNU Unix shell.
Vmware is a virtual machine that can be used to install windows, you can also install linux, ubuntu is one of the Linux distributions, there are other Linux distributions Red Hat, Linux mint, etc., linux adhering to open source, in the embedded field and servers have a lot of use cases, including the popular Andrews also used to Linux.
If you are a novice Linux, you can install the virtual machine VM. Then install Ubuntu VM or on their own to learn Linux. Remember to install Linux distribution of hard disk memory.
Linux directory name:
/ root for the virtual directory, and hold the file.
/ bin directory in hex, store user-level tools for many GNU
/ boot startup directory, store the boot file
/ dev directory device, Linux created here node
/ etc directory system configuration files
/ home home directory, Linux here to create a user directory
/ lib library directory, storage systems and applications library
/ media / mnt mount the directory / opt optional directory / root root's home directory / var variable directory / sbin system
Binary directory / tmp temporary directory / usr users to install software directory.
Linux common commands:
To lower the command line interface between the virtual directory Linux switch, use the cd command.
ls displays which files $ ls displays files and directories in the current directory on your system.
$ Ls -F distinguish file $ ls -a show hidden files.
touch command to create the text, touch the file name.
cp command to copy files, cp source target audience.
Rename mv, mv source object.
rm delete files , before rm -i file deletion prompt rm -f force delete files without prompt.
mkdir *** create a directory rmdir (only delete empty directories) *** rm dir1 rmf dir2 violence deleted.
stat *** view a document file *** view the status of all file types.
ps -e show all processes running processes -f details -ef combination.
loading program information output umount mount a removable device is removed.