If the ticket hall of the train station is only one ticket window, all the people who come to buy tickets to all line up outside this window, then the ticket hall ticket can imagine the speed, the number of tickets sold per unit of time will be very limited.
Prior to the process block chain network processing tasks faced such embarrassment. By the "impossible trinity" of the constraints, early block chain networks are often single-stranded form, for both safety and to the center, had to make a sacrifice performance, making the block chain technology in dealing with tasks, "Only a ticket window "urgent need to enhance performance.
Recently, the Chinese Academy of Sciences high-performance computing systems Monoxide block chain model Dr., innovative workshops Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Wangjia Ping et al., Breaking the bottleneck, under the premise of trying not to introduce additional entities and mechanisms, cam characteristic can meet the safety, performance and to the center of the block chains scale 1000 times or more, so that the data throughput of 1000 times or more lift. Related papers published recently in the International Conference of 2019 NSDI (Design and Implementation of Network System) on.
"Impossible trinity"
Block chain from the "block" and "chain" component, is a distributed billing underlying technology. Generally believed that the block chain with core strengths to center, high security and so on, can be the perfect solution to information sharing process of economic development of asymmetry and high transaction costs, trust strangers and other problems.
Therefore, the block chain is considered to be one of the most promising disruptive technologies. According to current research, block chain technology can be applied in the digital currency issuance and trading, cross-border payments and transfers, intelligent contracts, supply chain traceability and other fields.
However, block chain technology in rapid development has long faced a well-known "impossible triangle" technical bottlenecks. Block chain "impossible triangle" also called "trilemma", referring to the block chain network model Whatever the consensus mechanism employed to determine the new blocks are rendered, you can not at the same time taking into account the performance, security, to the center of the three requirement, can only meet two of them at the expense of Another, a maximum of three whichever II.
Wangjia Ping told the "China Science News", by the "impossible triangle" of the constraints, early block chain networks are often single-stranded form, for both safety and to the center, we had to make a sacrifice performance.
It is also because of this bottleneck, block chain technology still can not play its full potential in all areas.
"Multiple windows sell different ticket"
The high-performance system Monoxide block chain model Wangjia Ping et al, then break this bottleneck, it can meet the needs of safety, performance and centralized at the same time to go.
"First, to replace the single-chain multi-chain." Wangjia Ping said. In other words, an additional window for the ticket hall.
In fact, some studies had also try to adopt a multi-chain model in the block chain. But researchers had proposed multi-chain, are working in isolation, can not be coordinated, can not really play a "multi-chain" of potential.
This can be understood as the ticket hall addition of multiple windows, but only a window to sell tickets a destination. This will result in people buying tickets can not successfully come to buy a ticket in the "does not correspond" window, but need to buy a ticket window according to the corresponding destination.
This means that the same time, some front window lined up, and before some window may empty. The number of tickets sold in the ticket hall entire unit of time is still limited, selling tickets efficiency is still much room for improvement.
Secondly, let the multi-chain systems synergistically.
"Monoxide model system is a concurrent multi-chain, each chain are referred to 'consensus group'." Wang Jiaping introduction. Specifically, the consensus is set by a plurality of homogeneous, exactly the same function, the status is completely equal, independent instance of the system logically possible consensus spacer constituted, they work in parallel, sharing data throughput of the whole network, calculating the stored pressure assessed full mesh maintenance state.
Since a fully parallel between consensus groups, asynchronous, so even a consensus a group of congestion, without interfering with data throughput and output a new data block other consensus groups.
As a result, "people go to different destinations, no matter in which windows can directly buy a ticket, the conductor of different windows will act synergistically in the background, the tickets sold per unit time to maximize the number."
The reaction in the calculation performance of the above, the data throughput capacity and block chain will have increased dramatically, the number of each window per unit time per unit time sold ticket hall votes received significantly increased.
In order to verify the feasibility of the model Monoxide, Wangjia Ping, who has been tested in a real environment consists of 48,000 global nodes thereof. Experiments show that, Monoxide existing model may be a single chain consensus algorithm, more than 1000 times horizontal expansion, so that the data throughput of lifting more than 1000 times, but also the whole network computing (CPU) 2000 times or more lift.
"In theory, scale-even multiple of the upper limit of the order of 100,000." Wangjia Ping said.
To promote the application of floor model
It is understood that two authors of the paper, Dr. Wangjia Ping and Dr. Wang Hao, both graduated from the China Research Institute of Computing.
Wangjia Ping who has became a researcher and director of Microsoft Research researcher. Years of continuous research published in the latest top international computer graphics conference ACM SIGGRAPH, the United States has more than 10 patents. After the entry of Innovation Works, Wangjia Ping to get involved in investment, investment direction for the block chain and artificial intelligence, had dominated the first round of institutional investment on the mainland bit.
Last December, a computer network announced the hiring top academic conferences NSDI block chain research papers written by the Wangjia Ping and Wang Haozhuan. Not long ago, in 2019 NSDI conference officially released the papers. It is reported that, NSDI is a well-known conference on network system design USENIX organization run, although short history, but because of its emphasis on the characteristics of the system, practical, interdisciplinary, well received by computer scientists concern.
All along, NSDI to pay attention to the quality of the article is known, rigorous double-blind review each article to go through a total of six to eight two reviewers review, but then requires discussion program screening committee. Typically, each session hired more than 20 papers, admission rate of only around 25%.
Wangjia Ping, et al papers selected NSDI International Conference 2019, is the only one associated with the block chain of paper admitted that this year's conference, is China selected the first article of the meeting in the block chain field.
All along, the application and popularization block chain technology are cause for concern. Since the block chain technology to enhance the efficiency, security and other aspects there is great potential, more and more industries are beginning to realize the power of the block chain and gradually try landing. The proposed Monoxide model, then let the block chain technology to practical application one step closer to landing.
Wangjia Ping said that in August 2019, Monoxide test the on-line network for developers to do the technical evaluation. This will enabling financial payment, health care, smart city, the actual scene.
It is reported that Innovation Works will also work with the Chinese Academy of Sciences to conduct a more in-depth technical and industrial cooperation to promote the chain block application computing technology to better ground.
Reproduced in: https: //juejin.im/post/5cf49182f265da1bca51c571