On Linux operating POSTGRES

log in

$ Psql (connect to the database, the default user and the database is postgres)
$ psql -U <user> -d <dbname> 

 

Database operations

// enumerate databases, equivalent to show databases

$ \l

 // switch databases, comparable to use dbname

$ \c <dbname>

 // list table, fairly and show tables　　

$ \dt

 // View table structure, equivalent to desc

$ \d tblname

// Create a database

$ create database <dbname>

 // delete the database

$ drop database <dbname>

// Create a table

$ Create table ([Field Name 1] [Type 1];, [2 Field Name] [Type 2], ...... <, primary key (field name m, field name n, ...)>; ); 

 // insert data in the table

$ Insert into table ([m field name], [field name n], ......) values ​​([column values ​​of m], [n the value of the column], ......);

 // backup database

$ Pg_dump -U postgres -f /tmp/postgres.sql postgres (Export postgres database is saved as postgres.sql)
$ Pg_dump -U postgres -f /tmp/postgres.sql -t test01 postgres (postgres database tables to export data of test01)
$ Pg_dump -U postgres -F t -f /tmp/postgres.tar postgres (postgres database to export in the form of compressed tar saved as postgres.tar)

 // restore the database

$ Psql -U postgres -f /tmp/postgres.sql bk01 (postgres.sql restore data to bk01 database)
$ Pg_restore -U postgres -d bk01 /tmp/postgres.tar (postgres.tar restore data to bk01 database)

 

User Action

// Switch User

$ \c - <username>

 // Create user and password

$ CREATE USER 'username' WITH PASSWORD 'password';
$ CREATE ROLE 'username' CREATEDB PASSWORD 'password' LOGIN; (create roles and grant to create the database login and password attributes)

 // change the user password

$ ALTER USER 'username' WITH PASSWORD 'password';

 // database authorization

$ GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE 'dbname' TO 'username';

 // modify user permissions

$ ALTER ROLE 'username' createdb; (grant create database permissions)
$ ALTER ROLE 'username' superuser; (grant super administrator privileges)

 // Role Properties

login	login only role with the LOGIN attribute can be used as the initial role name for the database connection.
superuser	Database superuser
createdb	Create a database permissions
createrole	Allowing it to create or delete other common user roles (except for super user)
replication	A user attribute do stream replication when used, generally set separately.
password	Only works when asked to specify a password when you log in, such as md5 or password mode, connected with the authentication client related
inherit	User group inherits a sign of the crew members can inherit the characteristics of the user group permissions