作者:jiangzz
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微信:jiangzz_wx
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Routing is an integral part of micro-services architecture. For example, /
may be mapped to your Web application that /api/users
is mapped to user services, /api/shop
mapping services to the store. Zuul is Netflix JVM-based routers and server load balancer.
Getting Started
pom dependent on the introduction of zuul
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Greenwich.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
Configuration application.properties
server.port=8888
zuul.routes.users.path=/users/**
zuul.routes.users.url=http://localhost:8080
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
Start import category Add @EnableZuulProxy
comment
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ZuulSpringBootApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ZuulSpringBootApplication.class,args);
}
}
Users can access http://localhost:8888/users/manager/user/8
the system underlying the user will forward the request to the backend http://localhost:8080/manager/user/8
service.
To achieve load balancing service
Modify pom.xml file to add Eureka dependent
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Greenwich.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
Modify application.properties
server.port=8888
zuul.routes.users.path=/users/**
zuul.routes.users.service-id=USER-SERVICE
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
# 配置Eureka
eureka.instance.appname=ZUUL-EUREKA
eureka.instance.instance-id=001
eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true
eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds=20
eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds=10
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
eureka.client.fetch-registry=true
eureka.client.healthcheck.enabled=true
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://jiangzz:123456@localhost:8761/eureka/
At this point, the user can try to start more than a few instances of USER-SERVICE, load balancing effect of the test zuul.
Cookies和Sensitive Headers
Zuul will attempt to remove the default HTTP request headers and cookies in some of the information, thus leading to back-office systems get less than a certain request headers, users can turn off
server.port=8888
zuul.routes.users.path=/users/**
zuul.routes.users.service-id=USER-SERVICE
zuul.routes.users.sensitive-headers=
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
# 配置Eureka
eureka.instance.appname=ZUUL-EUREKA
eureka.instance.instance-id=001
eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true
eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds=20
eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds=10
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
eureka.client.fetch-registry=true
eureka.client.healthcheck.enabled=true
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://jiangzz:123456@localhost:8761/eureka/
Integrated fuse failBack
Zuul when a circuit is tripped given path, you can provide a fallback response by creating FallbackProvider type of bean.
@Component
public class ZuulFallbackProvider implements FallbackProvider {
@Override
public String getRoute() {
return "*";//表示对所有的Service提供failback
}
@Override
public ClientHttpResponse fallbackResponse(String route, Throwable cause) {
System.out.println(cause.getClass());
if (cause instanceof HystrixTimeoutException) {
return response(HttpStatus.GATEWAY_TIMEOUT);
} else {
return response(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
}
}
private ClientHttpResponse response(final HttpStatus status) {
return new ClientHttpResponse() {
@Override
public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {
return status;
}
@Override
public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {
return status.value();
}
@Override
public String getStatusText() throws IOException {
return status.getReasonPhrase();
}
@Override
public void close() {
}
@Override
public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
return new ByteArrayInputStream("er ops!!服务器忙!".getBytes());
}
@Override
public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
return headers;
}
};
}
}
ribbon Retry
Add pom-dependent
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.retry</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-retry</artifactId>
</dependency>
application.properties configuration services
server.port=8888
zuul.routes.users.path=/users/**
zuul.routes.users.service-id=USER-SERVICE
zuul.routes.users.strip-prefix=false
hystrix.command.USER-SERVICE.execution.isolation.strategy=THREAD # 设置线程池隔离
hystrix.command.USER-SERVICE.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds=10000 # 设置hystrix超时
zuul.retryable=true # 开启重试策略
USER-SERVICE.ribbon.ConnectTimeout=100 # 设置连接超时时间
USER-SERVICE.ribbon.ReadTimeout=500 # 设置响应时间
USER-SERVICE.ribbon.MaxAutoRetriesNextServer=1 # 如果连接失败,尝试其他机器的次数
USER-SERVICE.ribbon.MaxAutoRetries=2 # 如果本次失败尝试次数
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
management.endpoint.health.show-details=always
# 配置Eureka
eureka.instance.appname=ZUUL-EUREKA
eureka.instance.instance-id=001
eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true
eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds=20
eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds=10
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
eureka.client.fetch-registry=true
eureka.client.healthcheck.enabled=true
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://jiangzz:123456@localhost:8761/eureka/
Hystrix limiting
Modify application.properties
server.port=8888
zuul.routes.users.path=/users/**
zuul.routes.users.service-id=USER-SERVICE
zuul.routes.users.strip-prefix=false
hystrix.command.USER-SERVICE.execution.isolation.strategy=THREAD
hystrix.command.USER-SERVICE.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds=10000
hystrix.threadpool.default.coreSize=10 # 设置线程池
hystrix.threadpool.default.maxQueueSize=10 # 设置最大队列
hystrix.threadpool.default.queueSizeRejectionThreshold=10 # 设置最大队列限制
zuul.retryable=true
USER-SERVICE.ribbon.ConnectTimeout=100
USER-SERVICE.ribbon.ReadTimeout=500
USER-SERVICE.ribbon.MaxAutoRetriesNextServer=1
USER-SERVICE.ribbon.MaxAutoRetries=2
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
management.endpoint.health.show-details=always
# 配置Eureka
eureka.instance.appname=ZUUL-EUREKA
eureka.instance.instance-id=001
eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true
eureka.instance.lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds=20
eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds=10
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
eureka.client.fetch-registry=true
eureka.client.healthcheck.enabled=true
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://jiangzz:123456@localhost:8761/eureka/