MySQL master-slave synchronization is a very mature infrastructure, the advantages are:
① the server can execute the query from
work
(that is, we often say that the reading function), reducing the main server stress;
② In the backups from the primary server to avoid affecting the primary server during backup services;
③ When the primary server is a problem, can be switched from the server.
So I often use this program in project deployment and implementation.
+?
Database
catalogs and other
my.cnf configuration file?? /etc/my.cnf
mysql database location?? datadir = / var / lib / mysql
Master database: 192.168.2.119
From the database: 192.168.2.220
OS
: RHEL5.x 32 bit
Server type: Virtual Machine
+ Mysql5.0.77 installation:
After ① configured linux service of yum, yum -y install mysql can directly
Attachment: mounting php \ mysql a command to install: yum -y install httpd php mysql mysql-server php-mysql
② start MySQL
service mysqld start(restart|stop)
First, set the main library
1, the my.cnf modify the primary database, mainly to set a different id and logbin (# this to follow on the specific environment, the pressure of the employed huge.cnf)
[root@localhost etc]#vi /etc/my.cnf
# Remember this part must be configured in the [mysqld] behind, or can not be found from the node, the meaning of each configuration item can be found in the document himself
|
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=cluster
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
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2、启动主库生效
[root@localhost etc]service mysqld restart
3、登陆主库
[root@localhost etc]mysql -u root -p
4、赋予从库权限帐号，允许用户在主库上读取日志
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to '用户名'@'%' identified by '密码';
5、检查创建是否成功
select user,host from mysql.user;
6、锁主库表
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
7、显示主库信息
记录File和Position，从库设置将会用到
|
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File ? ? ? ? ? ? | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 98 ? | ? ? ? ? ? ? ?| ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?|
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
# 说明，如果执行这个步骤始终为Empty set(0.00 sec)，那说明前面的my.cnf没配置对。
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8、另开一个终端登陆220，打包主库迁移数据（如果你使用的yum安装，有默认数据库并未做任何改动，则不需要进行拷贝）
目的是为了保证两台服务器的mysql数据库一致，这里可以自行tar打包或者使用mysqldump命令备份恢复的方式进行。
二、设置从库
1、传输拿到主库包、解包
# 登陆从库
从上一步中备份的数据库恢复到220服务器节点上。
2、在119节点上解锁主库表（对应第一点设置主库中第6步锁主库表的操作）
mysql> unlock tables;
3、在220节点上修改从库my.cnf（位置一样）
# 记住这部分一定要配置在[mysqld]后面，否则无法找到从节点，各个配置项的含义可自己查阅文档
|
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=2
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=cluster
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-do-db=test
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
log-slave-updates
slave-skip-errors=all
slave-net-timeout=60
master-host=192.168.2.119
master-user=root
master-password=pfingo
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4、在220节点上验证连接主库
[root@localhost etc]mysql -h 192.168.2.119 -u 用户名 -p
5、在220节点从库上设置同步
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#设置连接MASTER MASTER_LOG_FILE为主库的File，MASTER_LOG_POS为主库的Position
#注意下面第二条命令语句中的master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001', master_log_pos=98;对应为前面在主库中执行的show master status;结果
mysql> slave stop;
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.2.119',master_user='root',master_password='pfingo',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001', master_log_pos=98;
mysql> slave start;
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6、启动从库服务
mysql> slave start;
7、进行测试
在主库上的test库上建立名为myTest的表
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mysql> CREATE TABLE `myTest` (
`id` INT( 5 ) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT ,
`username` VARCHAR( 20 ) NOT NULL ,
`password` CHAR( 32 ) NOT NULL ,
`last_update` DATETIME NOT NULL ,
`number` FLOAT( 10 ) NOT NULL ,
`content` TEXT NOT NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )
) ENGINE=MYISAM ;
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在从表中马上看到了效果，主从同步成功了；
为了更进一步验证在从库上输入show slave status\G;
mysql> show slave status\G;
Slave_IO_Running: Yes(网络正常)；
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes(表结构正常)
进一步验证了以上过程的正确性。
最新内容请见作者的GitHub页：http://qaseven.github.io/