1, describes the environment
Server A (main) 192.85.1.175
Server B (from) 192.85.1.176
Mysql Version: 5.1.61
System Version: System OS: ubuntu 10.10 X86
2. Install heartbeat
1) install heartbeat
sudo apt-get install heartbeat2) Configuration Description
heartbeat installation directory for the next /etc/ha.d directory,
After installation is complete, you need three configuration files for ha.cf, haresources, authkeys.
At this point none of the three files in the directory, you need to create, we can
/ Usr / share / doc / heartbeat directory to find ha.cf, haresources, authkeys three files, simply copy it to
Under /etc/ha.d directory, you can
* .Gz files using gunzip command to extract
3.175 server configuration information:
(1) etc / hosts file contents:
192.85.1.175 primary # Added by NetworkManager(2) ha.cf file contents :( main configuration file)
#
# There are lots of options in this file. All you have to have is a set
# of nodes listed {"node ...} one of {serial, bcast, mcast, or ucast},
# and a value for "auto_failback".
#
# ATTENTION: As the configuration file is read line by line,
# THE ORDER OF DIRECTIVE MATTERS!
#
# In particular, make sure that the udpport, serial baud rate
# etc. are set before the heartbeat media are defined!
# debug and log file directives go into effect when they
# are encountered.
#
# All will be fine if you keep them ordered as in this example.
#
#
# Note on logging:
# If all of debugfile, logfile and logfacility are not defined,
# logging is the same as use_logd yes. In other case, they are
# respectively effective. if detering the logging to syslog,
# logfacility must be "none".
#
# File to write debug messages to
debugfile /var/log/ha-debug #调试日志文件
#
#
# File to write other messages to
#
logfile /var/log/ha-log #系统运行日志文件
#
#
# Facility to use for syslog()/logger
#
logfacility local0 # 日志记录等级
#
#
# A note on specifying "how long" times below...
#
# The default time unit is seconds
# 10 means ten seconds
#
# You can also specify them in milliseconds
# 1500ms means 1.5 seconds
#
#
# keepalive: how long between heartbeats?
#
keepalive 2 #心跳频率，2表示2秒；200ms则表示200毫秒
#
# deadtime: how long-to-declare-host-dead?
#
# If you set this too low you will get the problematic
# split-brain (or cluster partition) problem.
# See the FAQ for how to use warntime to tune deadtime.
#
deadtime 30 #节点死亡时间，就是过了10秒后还没有收到心跳就认为主节点死亡
#
# warntime: how long before issuing "late heartbeat" warning?
# See the FAQ for how to use warntime to tune deadtime.
#
warntime 10 #告警时间
#
#
# Very first dead time (initdead)
#
# On some machines/OSes, etc. the network takes a while to come up
# and start working right after you've been rebooted. As a result
# we have a separate dead time for when things first come up.
# It should be at least twice the normal dead time.
#
initdead 120 #初始化时间
#
#
# What UDP port to use for bcast/ucast communication?
#
udpport 694 #心跳信息传递的udp端口
#
# What interfaces to broadcast heartbeats over?
#
bcast eth0 # Linux #采用udp广播播来通知心跳，建议在备用节点不只一台时使用
#bcast eth1 eth2 # Linux
#bcast le0 # Solaris
#bcast le1 le2 # Solaris
#
# Set up a multicast heartbeat medium
# mcast [dev] [mcast group] [port] [ttl] [loop]
#
# [dev] device to send/rcv heartbeats on
# [mcast group] multicast group to join (class D multicast address
# 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255)
# [port] udp port to sendto/rcvfrom (set this value to the
# same value as "udpport" above)
# [ttl] the ttl value for outbound heartbeats. this effects
# how far the multicast packet will propagate. (0-255)
# Must be greater than zero.
# [loop] toggles loopback for outbound multicast heartbeats.
# if enabled, an outbound packet will be looped back and
# received by the interface it was sent on. (0 or 1)
# Set this value to zero.
#
#
#bcast eth0 225.0.0.1 694 1 0
#
# Set up a unicast / udp heartbeat medium
# ucast [dev] [peer-ip-addr]
#
# [dev] device to send/rcv heartbeats on
# [peer-ip-addr] IP address of peer to send packets to
#
ucast eth0 192.85.1.175
auto_failback on #如果主节点重新恢复过来，主节点将主动将资源抢占过来，如果为off，则只当备用节点当掉后，主节点才取回资源
watchdog /dev/watchdog #看门狗。如果本节点在超过1分钟后还没有发出心跳，那么本节点自动重启
#
# Tell what machines are in the cluster
# node nodename ... -- must match uname -n
node primary #主节点名称，与uname -n显示必须一致
node backup #备用节点名称
#
# Less common options...
#
# Treats 10.10.10.254 as a psuedo-cluster-member
# Used together with ipfail below...
# note: don't use a cluster node as ping node
#
ping 192.85.1.1 #通过ping网关来监测心跳是否正常(3) haresources (resource configuration file)
primary 192.85.1.177/24http,mysql,phpmyadmin #虚拟IP配置及对应的访问资源配置(4) authkeys (authentication information configuration file)
# Key communications, file contents on both machines must be completely consistent
auth 3
3 md5 Hello#authkeys need to set read and write permissions: chmod 600 ./authkeys
4.176 server configuration information:
(1) etc / hosts file contents:
192.85.1.176 backup # Added by NetworkManager(2) ha.cf contents of the file:
#
# There are lots of options in this file. All you have to have is a set
# of nodes listed {"node ...} one of {serial, bcast, mcast, or ucast},
# and a value for "auto_failback".
#
# ATTENTION: As the configuration file is read line by line,
# THE ORDER OF DIRECTIVE MATTERS!
#
# In particular, make sure that the udpport, serial baud rate
# etc. are set before the heartbeat media are defined!
# debug and log file directives go into effect when they
# are encountered.
#
# All will be fine if you keep them ordered as in this example.
#
#
# Note on logging:
# If all of debugfile, logfile and logfacility are not defined,
# logging is the same as use_logd yes. In other case, they are
# respectively effective. if detering the logging to syslog,
# logfacility must be "none".
#
# File to write debug messages to
debugfile /var/log/ha-debug #调试日志文件
#
#
# File to write other messages to
#
logfile /var/log/ha-log #系统运行日志文件
#
#
# Facility to use for syslog()/logger
#
logfacility local0 # 日志记录等级
#
#
# A note on specifying "how long" times below...
#
# The default time unit is seconds
# 10 means ten seconds
#
# You can also specify them in milliseconds
# 1500ms means 1.5 seconds
#
#
# keepalive: how long between heartbeats?
#
keepalive 2 #心跳频率，2表示2秒；200ms则表示200毫秒
#
# deadtime: how long-to-declare-host-dead?
#
# If you set this too low you will get the problematic
# split-brain (or cluster partition) problem.
# See the FAQ for how to use warntime to tune deadtime.
#
deadtime 30 #节点死亡时间，就是过了10秒后还没有收到心跳就认为主节点死亡
#
# warntime: how long before issuing "late heartbeat" warning?
# See the FAQ for how to use warntime to tune deadtime.
#
warntime 10 #告警时间
#
#
# Very first dead time (initdead)
#
# On some machines/OSes, etc. the network takes a while to come up
# and start working right after you've been rebooted. As a result
# we have a separate dead time for when things first come up.
# It should be at least twice the normal dead time.
#
initdead 120 #初始化时间
#
#
# What UDP port to use for bcast/ucast communication?
#
udpport 694 #心跳信息传递的udp端口
#
# What interfaces to broadcast heartbeats over?
#
bcast eth0 # Linux #采用udp广播播来通知心跳，建议在备用节点不只一台时使用
#bcast eth1 eth2 # Linux
#bcast le0 # Solaris
#bcast le1 le2 # Solaris
#
# Set up a multicast heartbeat medium
# mcast [dev] [mcast group] [port] [ttl] [loop]
#
# [dev] device to send/rcv heartbeats on
# [mcast group] multicast group to join (class D multicast address
# 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255)
# [port] udp port to sendto/rcvfrom (set this value to the
# same value as "udpport" above)
# [ttl] the ttl value for outbound heartbeats. this effects
# how far the multicast packet will propagate. (0-255)
# Must be greater than zero.
# [loop] toggles loopback for outbound multicast heartbeats.
# if enabled, an outbound packet will be looped back and
# received by the interface it was sent on. (0 or 1)
# Set this value to zero.
#
#
#bcast eth0 225.0.0.1 694 1 0
#
# Set up a unicast / udp heartbeat medium
# ucast [dev] [peer-ip-addr]
#
# [dev] device to send/rcv heartbeats on
# [peer-ip-addr] IP address of peer to send packets to
#
ucast eth0 192.85.1.176
auto_failback on #如果主节点重新恢复过来，主节点将主动将资源抢占过来，如果为off，则只当备用节点当掉后，主节点才取回资源
watchdog /dev/watchdog #看门狗。如果本节点在超过1分钟后还没有发出心跳，那么本节点自动重启
#
# Tell what machines are in the cluster
# node nodename ... -- must match uname -n
node primary #主节点名称，与uname -n显示必须一致
node backup #备用节点名称
#
# Less common options...
#
# Treats 10.10.10.254 as a psuedo-cluster-member
# Used together with ipfail below...
# note: don't use a cluster node as ping node
#
ping 192.85.1.1 #通过ping网关来监测心跳是否正常(3) haresources
primary 192.85.1.177/24http,mysql,phpmyadmin #虚拟IP配置及对应的访问资源配置(4) authkeys
# Key communications, file contents on both machines must be completely consistent
auth 3
3 md5 Hello#authkeys need to set read and write permissions: chmod 600 ./authkeys
Start 5.HA services, and closed test
Start HA: service heartbeat start or /etc/init.d/heartbeat
Close HA; service heartbeat stop or /etc/init.d/heartbeat
The system has automatically when you start the heartbeat loaded.
Use the http service test heartbeat
First start httpd service
#service httpd start
Edit each host test html file, put under / var / www / html / directory.
Start heartbeat node1, and to monitor the implementation of this directive: heartbeat status
Such as direct use http://192.85.1.177/phpmyadmin, log management database
Reproduced in: https: //my.oschina.net/mzzyk/blog/542790