A 2G
2G communication system employs three network architecture, namely: BTS-BSC- core network. 2G core network includes both CS and PS domains.
2G communication system mainly uses one first base station architecture. Base Station Architecture integrated as shown below, the base station's antenna is located on a tower, the rest of the machine room is located next to the base station. The antenna is connected through the feeder and interior room.
One Base Station Architecture need to build a tower in each room following a longer period and the cost of construction, not easy to expand the network architecture.
And later developed into a distributed base station architecture. BTS distributed base station architecture will be divided into RRU and BBU. Wherein the RRU mainly responsible for radio modules with associated, comprising four major modules: IF module, a transceiver module, amplifier module and filtering. BBU is responsible for baseband and protocol stack processing. RRU is located on the tower, and is located in a room with a BBU, can be connected to each of a plurality of BBU (3-4) RRU. BBU connected by optical fibers and the RRU.
Two 3G
When the development of 3G networks, in order to save network construction costs, 3G network architecture remained consistent with 2G.
3G communication systems employ the same network architecture level 3, i.e., NodeB - RNC - the core network. 3G core network includes both CS and PS domains.
3G era mainly distributed base station architecture. Similarly, the distributed base station NodeB architecture is divided into two portions BBU and RRU.
Three 4G
When the arrival of 4G era, base station architecture undergone major changes. In order to reduce end delay, 4G uses a flat network architecture. The original network architecture level 3 "flat" grade 2: eNodeB- core network. RNC functional part of the split in the eNodeB, moved to a part of the core network. 4G core network contains only PS domain.
The basic architecture of the base station 4G using distributed base station. Meanwhile, China Mobile proposed and promoted by C-RAN architecture also gradually extended. C-RAN architecture BBU further centralization function, and virtual cloud, each BBU may be connected to the RRU 10 to 100, and further reduce the cost of the network deployment cycle.
With traditional distributed base stations of different, C-RAN breaking the connection between the distal end of a fixed radio frequency unit and a baseband processing unit. Each remote radio frequency unit does not belong to any entity a baseband processing unit. Processing each remote radio unit are transmitted and received signals in a virtual base station baseband completed, and the processing capacity of the virtual base station is composed of a real-time virtual pool technology allocated baseband processor portion.
Four 5G
To further enhance the flexibility of the mobile communication system 5G, 5G using level 3 network architecture level DU-CU- core network (5GC). CU and DU composed gNB, each CU can be connected to one or more of the DU. There are various functions of segmentation schemes, communication can be adapted to different scenarios and different communication needs between CU and DU.
A, 1G ~ 5G Summary
Second, the evolution of mobile communication service requirements
Third, the mobile communication technology standards evolution
Fourth, modern mobile communication technology evolution
Five operators of mobile communication bands
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