View the number of files in the current directory

View the number of folders

ls -l | grep ^d | wc -l

View number of files

Does not contain folders

ls -l | grep ^- | wc -l

View the number of all files (including sub-files)

ls -lR | grep ^- | wc -l

View the number of all directories (including subdirectories)

ls -lR | grep ^d | wc -l

View the number of pictures

Count the number of all jpg files in the folder directory:

ls -lR | grep ".*jpg" | wc -l

Reference article