Summary of structure knowledge in C language

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1. What is a structure?

In order to better simulate reality, various basic data types need to be combined to form a new composite data type. We call thiscustom data type< /span> is called a structure. A structure is a new composite data type formed by combining various basic data types according to actual needs.

2. Definition of structure

There are three ways to define a structure. Here we only use the most common and commonly used way, that is:

struct 结构体名
{
   
    
    
	成员列表;
}; // 注意这里的分号不能省略

for example:

struct Student
{
   
    
    
	int age;
	float score;
	char gender;
};

3. Definition of structure variables

The structure is the same as the basic data type we often use. It is also a data type, so we can use this data type to define its corresponding variables. We call variables defined with the structure type < /span>. The way to define structure variables is as follows:Structure variable

#include <stdio.h>

struct Student // 定义结构体
{
   
    
    
	int age;
	float score;
	char gender;
};

int main()
{
   
    
    
	struct Student stu; // 定义结构体变量
	
	return 0;
}

4. Initialization of structure variables

#include <stdio.h>

struct Student // 定义结构体
{
   
    
    
	int age;
	float score;
	char gender;
};

int main()
{
   
    
    
	struct Student stu = {
   
    
     15, 66.5, 'M' }; // 初始化结构体变量
	
	return 0;
}

5. Assignment of structure variables

After defining the structure variable, we can assign values ​​to its members, but unlike initialization, we need to assign each member of the structure variable through 结构体变量名.成员名 Assign values ​​individually. The code is as follows

#include <stdio.h>

struct Student // 定义结构体
{
   
    
    
	int age;
	float score;
	char gender;
};

int main()
{
   
    
    
	struct Student stu; // 定义结构体变量

	stu.age = 15; 		// 对结构体变量中的age成员赋值
	stu.score = 66.5;	// 对结构体变量中的score成员赋值
	stu.gender = 'M';	// 对结构体变量中的gender成员赋值

	return 0;
}

6. Reference members in structure variables

method 1:结构体变量名.成员名

#include <stdio.h>

struct Student // 定义结构体
{
   
    
    
	int age;
	float score;
	char gender;
};

int