Installation of commonly used software in Ubuntu20.04/Linux

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After installing the Ubuntu20.04 system, install commonly used Windows software or similar alternative software to facilitate my own quick use after reinstalling the system.

1. Install and uninstall WeChat

deepin is a domestic Linux system that supports many windows software such as QQ and WeChat. By adding the deepin environment on ubuntu, you can install and use QQ and WeChat (the QQ interface is a bit slow, so don’t install it here, there are better ones below)
(1) Add a warehouse: < /span>

wget -O- https://deepin-wine.i-m.dev/setup.sh | sh

(2) Install WeChat

sudo apt install com.qq.weixin.deepin

(3) Uninstall WeChat. If you want to uninstall the application installed by dpkg, check the software installed by dpkg through sudo dpkg -l and find the name of your own installed software. You can use grepPerform character filtering

dpkg -l | grep weixin
sudo apt-get remove com.qq.weixin.deepin:i386

dpkg -l | grep weixinIf you can't find it, replace it withdpkg -l | grep wechat

Delete record documents automatically generated by WeChat

cd Documents 
sudo rm -r WeChat\ Files

(4) Uninstall wine

dpkg -l | grep wine
sudo apt remove deepin-wine-helper:i386 deepin-wine6-stable deepin-wine6-stable-amd64 deepin-wine6-stable-i386:i386

2. Install and uninstall QQ

I recently discovered that the Linux version of QQ has been officially updated. The interface has made a qualitative leap compared to before. It is recommended to install it. Go directly to the official website to download the installation package:https://im.qq. com/linuxqq/index.shtml, then install:

sudo dpkg -i linuxqq_3.1.1-11223_amd64.deb

Wholesale ordersudo dpkg -l查找：

sudo dpkg -l | grep qq

sudo dpkg -r linuxqq

3. Install Chrome browser and add apt update

sudo apt-get install wget
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get install libappindicator1 libindicator7
sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo apt-get -f install

4. Install VScode

(1) Download the installation package
Enter the VSCode official websiteVisual Studio Code, download Linux x64.debVersion

(2)sudo dpkg -i Or double-click the installation package to install:

4.1 Install commonly used plug-ins

My commonly used plug-ins

python、 C/C++、 CMake、 ROS、 Chinese、 
GBKtoUTF8、 vscode-icons、 vscode-pdf、 URDF、
Prettier-Code formatter、 vscode-drawio、
CodeGeeX、Todo Tree

The plug-in Todo Tree is used to configure the highlighting of important content in code comments:
After installing the plug-in Todo Tree, press the shortcut key ctrl+shift+P and enter setting.json, select the user configuration Open User Settings (JSON) and insert the following code into it:

    //todo-tree 标签配置从这里开始  标签兼容大小写字母(很好的功能!!!)
    "todo-tree.regex.regex": "((%|#|//|/\\*|<!--|^\\s*\\*)\\s*($TAGS)|^\\s*- \\[ \\])", //这是注释的正则匹配
    "todo-tree.general.tags": [
        "todo", //添加自定义的标签成员,将在下面实现它们的样式
        "fixme",
        "bug",
        "hack",
        "note",
        "XXX",
        "test",
        "done",
        "notice",
        "ZARD"
    ],
    "todo-tree.regex.regexCaseSensitive": false, //设置为false允许匹配不考虑大小写
    "todo-tree.highlights.defaultHighlight": {
    
     //如果相应变量没赋值就会使用这里的默认值
        "foreground": "#000000", //字体颜色
        "background": "#ffff00", //背景色
        "icon": "check", //标签样式 check 是一个对号的样式
        "rulerColour": "#ffff00", //边框颜色
        "type": "tag", //填充色类型  可在TODO TREE 细节页面找到允许的值 在编辑器中突出显示多少 
        "iconColour": "#ffff00" //标签颜色
    },
    "todo-tree.highlights.customHighlight": {
    
    
        "todo": {
    
    
            "icon": "alert", //标签样式
            "background": "#c9c552", //背景色
            "rulerColour": "#c9c552", //外框颜色
            "iconColour": "#c9c552", //标签颜色
        },
        "fixme": {
    
    
            "background": "#07a507",
            "icon": "beaker",
            "rulerColour": "#07a507",
            "iconColour": "#07a507",
        },
        "bug": {
    
    
            "background": "#ff0000",
            "icon": "bug",
            "rulerColour": "#ff0000",
            "iconColour": "#ff0000",
        },
        "hack": {
    
    
            "background": "#d65d8e",
            "icon": "versions",
            "rulerColour": "#d65d8e",
            "iconColour": "#d65d8e",
        },
        "note": {
    
    
            "background": "#f90",
            "icon": "note",
            "rulerColour": "#f90",
            "iconColour": "#f90",
        },
        "notice":{
    
    
            "background": "#eb5c5c",
            "icon": "notice",
            "rulerColour": "#eb5c5c",
            "iconColour": "#eb5c5c",
        },
        "XXX": {
    
    
            "background": "#f43880",
            "icon": "unverified",
            "rulerColour": "#f43880",
            "iconColour": "#f43880",
        },
        "test": {
    
    
            "background": "#df7be6",
            "icon": "flame",
            "rulerColour": "#df7be6",
            "iconColour": "#df7be6",
        },
        "done": {
    
    
            "background": "#5eec95",
            "icon": "check",
            "rulerColour": "#5eec95",
            "iconColour": "#5eec95",
        },
        "ZARD": {
    
    
            "background": "#38b2f4",
            "icon": "ZARD",
            "rulerColour": "#38b2f4",
            "iconColour": "#38b2f4",
        },
    },
    //todo-tree的配置 到这里结束

Note that you can add custom tags. For example, when I modify open source code, I use it to mark the code I modified. The tag is ZARD in the above code. You can also add your own tags. Their meanings are:

// fixme: 标识处代码需要修正，甚至代码是错误的，不能工作，需要修复，如何修正会在说明中简略说明 // FIXME
// bug: 代码存在已知的错误, 现在的代码中没有错误能运行, 但是由于用户输入导致的错误 // BUG
// hack: 变通方法, 差强人意的解决方案，补锅踩雷填坑 /*HACK*/
// note: 笔记，特别是编写者的想法意图和灵感 // NOTE: 
// NOTICE: 强调值得注意的地方,
// xxx: 代码有问题或具有误导性, 需引起警惕 // XXX
// test: 测试 // TEST
// done: 已经解决了的todo bug fixme将其变为done // DONE
// Todo: 标识处有功能代码待编写，即将需要完成的任务或实现的功能 // TODO
// ZARD：用户（我）自定义的标签

They will be highlighted in the code as follows:

There will also be more tools in the plug-in on the left to view all mark statistics in the project code:

4.2 Reduce Ipch cache:

Ipch: These files are used by Visual Studio to save the precompiled version of header files and Intellisense. If deleted, reloading the project will rebuild these files, but after setting the range in VSCode, the cache size will not exceed this number.

/home/用户名/.cache/vscode-cpptools/ipch

The ipch file contains cached precompiled header files (PCH). The longer vscode is used, the more caches will be in this folder, which will eventually cause a larger memory footprint. When we don't use it to run large files, we just use it to type code. We can turn off this function when we don't need precompiled header files.
In the VSCode menu bar 文件->首选项->设置, then search C_Cpp.intelliSenseCacheSize and change its default value of 5120 to 512

5. Install the code comparison tool Meld

Install:

sudo apt-get install meld

Select two folders, the code changes will be displayed in blue, and double-clicking the file will show the specific changes:

6. Install WPS

(1) Open the official website and select the Linux version (Deb format For X64):https://platform.wps.cn/

(2) Install the installation package:

sudo dpkg -i wps-office_11.1.0.10702_amd64.deb

(3) After the installation is completed, the wps-office-prometheus.desktop launcher file will be automatically generated on the desktop, and grant execution permissions to the wps-office-prometheus.desktop file:

sudo chmod +x wps-office-prometheus.desktop

(4) Right-click the desktopwps-office-prometheus.desktop file, click to select Allow to run, and generate a WPS startup shortcut icon
(5) Install Windows fonts: Select Windows C drive file: C:/windows/fonts, copy it to the Linux system disk, enter the fonts folder, open the terminal, enter:

sudo cp * /usr/share/fonts

7. Install PDF reader Foxit Reader

Although wps is installed, Linux wps cannot perform editing operations such as annotation on PDF, so we install the practical Foxit DPF reader
(1) in https://www.foxit.com/pdf-reader/Download the installation file. Click the download page to automatically obtain the installation package suitable for the system

(2) After unzipping the file, run the installation file (Tab to add your own, do not type by hand, do not copy mine), select the installation path and confirm all the way:

./FoxitReader.enu.setup.2.4.5.0727\(rb70e8df\).x64.run

(3) If it is in English after installation, switch the language in help and restart, and then you can use it happily.

(4)Note, you may encounter a situation where the system freezes after opening a pdf file, especially for dissertations and books. If you want to create a large PDF, use the above method to restart the system. Do not force shutdown. After restarting, go to the ~/opt/foxitsoftware/foxitreader/fxplugins directory and delete libupdater.so:

cd  ~/opt/foxitsoftware/foxitreader/fxplugins 
sudo rm libupdater.so

After deleting it, the stuck problem will no longer occur.

(5) You can uninstall the default PDF reader Evince, which does not support Chinese very well and has an unpleasant interface.

sudo apt-get remove evince

8. Install the literature management software Zotero

(1) Download and install Zotero official website address from the official website: Zotero
(2) Unzip and generate the Zotero_linux-x86_64 folder, which contains All files of the zotero software
(3) Create the zotero software installation directory

sudo mkdir /opt/zotero

(4) Copy the decompressed files to the /opt/zotero directory

sudo mv Zotero_linux-x86_64/* /opt/zotero/

(5) Update zotero’s desktop location

cd /opt/zotero
sudo ./set_launcher_icon

(6) Create a soft connection to the application desktop

ln -s /opt/zotero/zotero.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/zotero.desktop

(7) You can find this software and use it next!

(8) Install translation plug-in
Download address: zotero-pdf-translate , click release on the right to download the *.xpi file, then open "Tools -> Add-ons" in Zotero, select Install add-on from file…, select < a i=8>Plug-in installation is completed. When reading foreign language documents, the selected content is automatically translated. Support Google, Youdao, Baidu, Deepl, etc.: (9) Add new citation style (Chinese standard GB/T 7714-2015) Download first< /span>, then select "Edit - Preferences", the "Zotero Preferences Box" will pop up, click the + sign to add the citation format:National Standard CSL file.xpi

9. Install Youdao Cloud Notes

Official websiteDownload debThen install:

sudo dpkg -i *.deb

10. Install remote control software ToDesk

Enterofficial websitedownload the deb file, and then install:

sudo dpkg -i todesk-v4.3.1.0-amd64.deb

11. Install remote control software Nomachine

ToDesk is suitable for public network remote. Nomachine is suitable for intranet remote control, as long as it is under the same LAN (either intranet or public network), such as the unmanned car LAN, it sends its own hotspot, and other devices can be controlled remotely without connecting to the public network. In addition, Nomachine can be cross-platform and cross-architecture (such as Arm architecture). Its download address: https://downloads.nomachine.com/
Choose a different platform: < /span>The Ubuntu-Linux x86 architecture is installed here:

Scroll down and select another architecture:

sudo dpkg -i nomachine_8.9.1_1_amd64.deb

After the installation is complete, open Nomachine and it will automatically search for devices under the same LAN. If it is not the same LAN, you need to add the device manually:

Double-click the device and enter the Ubuntu username and password. You can remote device

Ubuntu turns on the hotspot, click the three dots in the upper right corner of Wi-Fi, click Turn ON Wi-Fi Host...
Enter the hotspot name and password, Other devices can connect to this hotspot to ensure that they are in a local area network and remotely

12. Install the drawing software Kolourpaintr and the screen recording software Kazam

Open Ubuntu's own software store (software) and search for Kolourpaint in the upper left corner:

Note:
If an error is reported: "unable to install typora: status-code=409 kind=snap-change-conflict, refer to: How to solve the problem that Ubuntu Software Center cannot install software
If the software store is gone, reinstall:

sudo apt-get install gnome-software

Similarly, Kazam:

You can set the screen recording range and preparation time (seconds), press Capture to start recording

Open file->preferences in the upper left corner to set the frame rate and output position:

13. Install the video player smplayer

The video player that comes with ubuntu can only play one format. Install smplayer here, which has stronger decoding and is similar to Potplayer.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rvm/smplayer 
sudo apt-get update 
sudo apt-get install smplayer smplayer-themes smplayer-skins

Commonly used shortcut keys:
space: Pause and start playback
]: Speed ​​up playback
[: Slow down playback< /span>: Fast rewind
->: Fast forward
<-

14. Install Github desktop version

One-click installation using Yuxiang ROS

wget http://fishros.com/install -O fishros && . fishros

Choose 2 to install automatically: