HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the cornerstone of web development, and mastering the basic concepts and content of HTML is crucial to standing out in technical interviews.
In this article, we will discuss 40 HTML interview questions along with their reference answers and code examples.
By mastering these questions, you'll be better prepared to handle challenging interview scenarios and demonstrate your expertise.
Let's get started.
Tip: For more information about HTML, its syntax and structure, you can refer to the official documentation provided by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C): HTML — World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) (https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/)
If you're interested in expanding your knowledge of HTML best practices and standards, you can view the Mozilla Developer Network (MDN) web documentation on HTML at HTML — Mozilla Developer Network (MDN). (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML)
Additionally, if you want to deepen your understanding of HTML accessibility and ensure your web content is inclusive, you can find helpful resources at the Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) website. (https://www.w3.org/WAI/)
Keep in mind that these external resources can provide you with valuable insights and further deepen your understanding of HTML concepts, supplementing the interview questions and code examples discussed in this article.
1. What is the purpose of the <header> and <footer> tags in HTML5?
The <header> tag represents the introductory content of a section or page, while the <footer> tag represents the closing content. They are typically used to provide the header and footer portions of web pages.
<header>
<h1>Welcome to My Website</h1>
</header>
<footer>
© 2023 My Website. All rights reserved.
</footer>2. How to embed SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) files in HTML?
To embed an SVG file, use the <svg> tag and include the SVG code within it.
<svg width="100" height="100">
<circle cx="50" cy="50" r="40" stroke="black" stroke-width="2" fill="red" />
</svg>3. Explain the purpose of the contenteditable attribute.
The contenteditable attribute allows users to edit the element directly in the browser. It is particularly useful for creating rich text editors or editable sections on web pages.
<div contenteditable="true">
This content can be edited by the user.
</div>4. What is the purpose of the <figure> and <figcaption> tags?
The <figure> tag is used to encapsulate media content, such as an image or video, and the optional caption provided by the <figcaption> tag. It helps connect the media to its description.
<figure>
<img src="image.jpg" alt="A beautiful landscape">
<figcaption>A breathtaking view of nature.</figcaption>
</figure>5. How to create responsive images that scale with screen size?
Make the image responsive using the max-width CSS property set to 100%. This ensures that the width of the image adjusts to fit the container while maintaining its aspect ratio.
<img src="image.jpg" alt="A responsive image" style="max-width: 100%;">6. Explain the purpose of the download attribute in the <a> tag.
The download attribute allows the user to download the linked resource instead of navigating to it. When clicked, the browser prompts the user to save the file using the specified file name.
<a href="document.pdf" download>Download PDF</a>7. How to create a checkbox input element in HTML?
Use the <input> tag with the type="checkbox" attribute to create a checkbox input element.
<input type="checkbox" id="myCheckbox">
<label for="myCheckbox">Check me</label>8. Explain the purpose of the <nav> tag in HTML5.
The <nav> tag represents a portion of a web page that contains navigation links. It is often used to mark the main navigation menu of a website.
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href="#home">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#about">About</a></li>
<li><a href="#contact">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>9. How to embed third-party platform video content in HTML?
To embed a video from a third-party platform, use the <iframe> tag along with the embed code for the video address provided. For example, below is a sample code for a video embedded in the YouTube platform.
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/VIDEO_ID" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>10. What is the purpose of hidden attributes in HTML?
The hidden attribute is used to hide an element so that it does not appear on the web page. It can be applied to any HTML element.
<p>This paragraph is visible.</p>
<p hidden>This paragraph is hidden.</p>11. How to create a drop-down menu in HTML?
To create a drop-down menu, use the <select> element and the <option> element to represent menu items.
<select>
<option value="option1">Option 1</option>
<option value="option2">Option 2</option>
<option value="option3">Option 3</option>
</select>12. Explain the purpose of the placeholder attribute in the "input" tag.
The placeholder attribute provides a hint or sample value for the input field. It appears in the field until the user enters a value.
<input type="text" placeholder="Enter your name"/>13. How to set the default selected state of a checkbox or radio button in HTML?
Use the checked attribute to set the default checked state of checkboxes and radio buttons.
<input type="checkbox" id="myCheckbox" checked/>
<label for="myCheckbox">Check me</label>14. What is the purpose of required attributes in form input fields?
The required attribute specifies that the input field must be filled in before the form can be submitted.
<input type="text" name="name" required/>15. How to create a table using HTML?
Create a table structure using the table, tr, and td tags, where <tr> represents a table row and td represents a table data cell.
<table>
<tr>
<td>Cell 1</td>
<td>Cell 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Cell 3</td>
<td>Cell 4</td>
</tr>
</table>16. Explain the purpose of the target attribute in the "a" tag.
The target attribute specifies where the linked content should be opened. This can be set to _blank to open the link in a new browser tab or window.
<a href="https://www.example.com" target="_blank">Open in new tab</a>17. How to create a hyperlink that will send an email when clicked?
Create email links using the mailto: protocol in the href attribute.
<a href="mailto:[email protected]">Send email</a>18. What is the purpose of the “iframe” tag in HTML?
The <iframe> tag is used to embed external content, such as a web page or video, within an HTML document.
<iframe src="https://www.example.com" width="500" height="300"></iframe>19. How to disable input fields in HTML?
Use the disabled attribute to disable an input field, preventing user interaction.
<input type="text" name="name" disabled>20. Explain the purpose of the <datalist> element in HTML5.
The <datalist> element provides a predefined list of options for the <input> field. It provides autocomplete functionality and helps users select options easily.
<input type="text" list="options">
<datalist id="options">
<option value="Option 1">
<option value="Option 2">
<option value="Option 3">
</datalist>21. How to add a background image to a web page using HTML?
To add a background image to a web page, you can use the background-image CSS property in the <style> tag or in an external CSS file.
<style>
body {
background-image: url("background.jpg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-size: cover;
}
</style>22. Explain the purpose of the autofocus attribute in the "input" tag.
The autofocus attribute allows you to specify that an input field should automatically gain focus when the page loads for user input.
<input type="text" name="username" autofocus>23. How to create an unordered list with custom bullet points using HTML?
You can customize the bullet points of an unordered list using CSS by assigning a specific image or shape to the list-style-image property.
<style>
ul {
list-style-image: url("bullet.png");
}
</style>
<ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3</li>
</ul>24. What is the purpose of the "progress" element in HTML5?
The <progress> element represents the progress of a task or process, providing a visual indication of percent completion.
<progress value="50" max="100"></progress>25. How to create responsive videos that adapt to different screen sizes?
To create a responsive video, use the max-width CSS property and set the height to automatic. Wrap the video element in a container to maintain its aspect ratio.
<style>
.video-container {
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
</style>
<div class="video-container">
<video src="video.mp4" controls></video>
</div>26. Explain the purpose of the autocomplete attribute in the "input" tag.
The autocomplete attribute allows the browser to suggest or remember previously entered values for an input field. It can be set to on or off.
<input type="text" name="email" autocomplete="off">27. How to create tooltips for elements using HTML?
To create a tooltip, you can use the title attribute on an HTML element. Tooltip text is displayed when the user hovers the mouse over the element.
<a href="#" title="This is a tooltip">Hover me</a>28. What is the purpose of the "time" element in HTML5?
The <time> element represents a specific point in time or duration. It helps provide semantic meaning to dates and times on web pages.
<p>My birthday is on <time datetime="1990-05-15">May 15th</time>.</p>29. How to disable the browser's default form validation in HTML?
Use the novalidate attribute on the <form> tag to disable the browser's default form validation. This allows you to implement custom validation logic.
<form novalidate>
<!-- Form fields -->
</form>30. Explain the purpose of the meter element in HTML5.
The <meter> element represents a scalar measurement within a known range. It is typically used to display measurements such as disk space usage or progress indicators.
<meter value="75" min="0" max="100">75%</meter>31. How to embed audio files in HTML?
To embed an audio file, use the <audio> element and specify the source file using the src attribute. You can include other properties such as controls to add playback controls.
<audio src="audio.mp3" controls></audio>32. Explain the purpose of the defer attribute in the <script> tag.
The defer attribute is used to indicate that the script should be executed after parsing the HTML content. It allows other resources to be loaded in parallel, helping to improve page loading performance.
<script src="script.js" defer></script>33. How to create sticky/fixed navigation bar in HTML?
To create a sticky/fixed navigation bar, use CSS to set the navigation bar's position to fixed and specify a top or bottom value.
<style>
.navbar {
position: fixed;
top: 0;
width: 100%;
}
</style>
<div class="navbar">
<!-- Navigation links -->
</div>34. What is the purpose of the span element in HTML?
The <span> element is an inline container used to group and style elements within a larger content block. It has no semantic meaning by itself, but is useful for styling or targeting specific parts of content.
<p>My name is <span class="highlight">John Doe</span>.</p>35. How to make HTML elements draggable?
To make an HTML element draggable, use the draggable attribute and set it to true. You can then define event handlers to control drag-and-drop behavior.
<div draggable="true">Drag me!</div>36. Explain the purpose of the mode attribute in the <input> tag.
The Pattern property specifies a regular expression pattern that the input value must match. It is commonly used for form field validation.
<input type="text" pattern="[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{3}-[0-9]{4}" placeholder="XXX-XXX-XXXX">37. How to create a progress bar in HTML?
Use the <progress> element to create a progress bar, specifying the current value using the value attribute and the maximum value using the max attribute.
<progress value="50" max="100"></progress>38. What is the purpose of the <blockquote> element in HTML?
The <blockquote> element is used to indicate a portion of quoted content, such as a quote from another source. It helps distinguish the content of the quote from the surrounding text.
<blockquote>
<p>This is a quoted text.</p>
</blockquote>39. How to create an ordered list of uppercase Roman numerals in HTML?
Use the <ol> element's type attribute and set it to "I" to display uppercase Roman numerals.
<ol type="I">
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3</li>
</ol>40. Explain the purpose of contenteditable attribute in HTML.
The contenteditable attribute allows users to edit the content of an element. It can be applied to any HTML element, enabling rich text editing in the browser.
<div contenteditable="true">Editable content</div>Summarize
At this point, the 40 HTML interview questions I want to share with you are over. I hope you can learn new content from them, and I also hope that these contents will be helpful to you in learning HTML or interviewing.
Finally, thank you for reading and see you next time.
Learn more skills
Please click on the public account below
