Some problems and solutions when installing a 64-bit system on Raspberry Pi 4B

1. To download the image
, you can download it from the official website. I chose the Raspberry Pi OS with desktop version under Raspberry Pi OS (64-bit). You can also download it from my network disk. Link: https://pan.baidu .com/s/1MUCXX6wn2vmuds8se33vmw
extraction code: xfjs

2. Image burning
tool link:
SDFormatter TF card formatting tool (link: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1XgQlcTQ7xI8Im1EB8dzpbw
extraction code: xfjs)
Win32Diskimager flashing tool (link: https://pan.baidu .com/s/1otkgb2RjIL8UZyPtT1mAvg
extraction code: xfjs)

First use the above formatting tool SDFormatter to format the TF card into fat format.
Then insert the TF card into the card reader and use Win32Diskimager to burn the image.

3. Because Debian 11 will not have a pi user by default like before. Like more Linux distributions, the first time you use it, you need to set a user yourself. If you use the official tool, you can burn it in one step, but I did not use the official tool to burn, so it resulted in an image After burning, there was a problem when logging into the system. I used the previous default account: pi and password: raspberry. I couldn't log in **. Here is the solution**

Insert the TF card back into the card reader, then find the root directory of the image, create the userconf.txt file, and then write the following content:

pi:$6$//7sRVY4rmHt0A42$MIZIQiQA9JUse6gi.iLr6kDZFF2L7WFSSMdbI3t2mJo9ckdvx.3YD3sUCFirva7ywHXdj5Uqn1hY8.KFwAjfy1

In this way, you can continue to use the official account: pi password: raspberry
to log in when logging in.

4. Replace the apt source with a domestic source
. Here I use the Debian 11 bullseye source from the Tsinghua University open source software mirror station. According to Tsinghuayuan’s configuration tips:

Edit the /etc/apt/sources.list file and replace it with the following:

 # 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
 deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
 # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
 deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
 # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
 deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
 # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
 deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
 # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free

Edit the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list file, delete all the contents of the original file, and replace it with the following:

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspberrypi/ bullseye main

Execute after changing the source

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

However, some dependency errors occurred after I executed it. The solution is as follows

An error occurs when installing dependencies when changing sources. Use
sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade.

Then the source change was successful

5. The Raspberry Pi needs to wait 90 seconds when restarting. The solution is as follows

Open this configuration file
sudo vim /etc/systemd/system.conf and add DefaultTimeoutStartSec=10s DefaultTimeoutStopSec=10s
at the end

Then restart without waiting.

6. An error occurred when installing the peripheral library wiringPi library. I accidentally installed the wiringPi library as 32-bit, and then my system is 64-bit. Some strange errors occurred during compilation.

Solution:

First uninstall the 32-bit wiringPI library and execute the following command
sudo apt-get remove wiringpi
sudo apt-get purge wiringpi
hash -r

Then re-obtain the 64-bit system version of the wiringPi library

git clone https://gitee.com/guation/WiringPi-arm64

If an error occurs when installing the wiriping library and dependencies are missing, use sudo apt install -f to install the relevant dependencies.

Installing the 64-bit version solves the problem

7. Fixed the IP address for remote ssh login

sudo vi /etc/rc,local
open the rc.local configuration file and then add ifconfig wlan0 ip address
at the end

In this way, you can use this IP address every time you connect remotely via ssh within the same LAN.