Python Django 4.2.5 Tutorial: Starting a Django Project with Daphne

Tool introduction

Daphne is a Python-based ASGI (Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface) server used to provide asynchronous request processing and concurrent connection support in web applications. It was developed by the Django project team and is designed to integrate seamlessly with the Django framework and serve as a recommended server for Django Channels.

Here are some of the key features and functionality about Daphne:

1. Asynchronous support: Daphne uses an asynchronous programming model and can handle a large number of concurrent requests and connections, providing high performance and scalability.

2. ASGI compatible: Daphne implements the ASGI specification and can be integrated with any ASGI standard-compliant application framework, such as Django, Flask, Starlette, etc.

3. WebSocket support: Daphne provides native support for the WebSocket protocol, making it more convenient when building real-time applications using Django Channels.

4. Multi-protocol support: In addition to HTTP and WebSocket, Daphne also supports other protocols such as HTTP/2 and Server-Sent Events (SSE), allowing applications to meet different needs.

5. Flexible configuration: Daphne provides configuration options that can be adjusted according to needs, including the number of concurrent connections, SSL certificate configuration, etc.

6. Integration with Django: As a recommended server for the Django framework, Daphne can be seamlessly integrated with Django, and Django applications can be deployed to the Daphne server through simple configuration.

Using Daphne can enable your web applications to achieve better performance and concurrency processing capabilities, especially suitable for real-time applications and scenarios with high concurrency requirements. You can deploy your application as an ASGI server by installing Daphne and configuring it according to the official documentation.

Please note that Daphne itself is just an ASGI server, it needs to be used with an application framework (such as Django) to provide full web application functionality.

Usage example

Start django with one command
daphne myproject.asgi:application

Here's a simple example showing how to run a Django application using Daphne:

1. First, make sure you have Django and Daphne installed. You can install it using the pip command:

   pip install django daphne
   ```
   
   

2. To create a Django project (if you don't have one already), you can use the following command:

   django-admin startproject myproject
   ```
   
   这将创建一个名为"myproject"的Django项目。
   
   

3. Enter the project directory:

   cd myproject
   ```
   
   

4. Create a Django application:

   python manage.py startapp myapp
   ```
   
   这将创建一个名为"myapp"的Django应用程序。
   
   

5. Edit the project's myproject/settings.pyfiles and INSTALLED_APPSadd in 'myapp'to add the newly created application to the Django project.

6. Create a simple view and myapp/views.pyadd the following content to the file:

   from django.http import HttpResponse
   
   def hello(request):
       return HttpResponse("Hello, World!")
   ```
   
   

7. In the project's myproject/urls.pyfiles, add a URL pattern to map to the view created in the previous step. urlpatternsAdd the following to the list :

   from myapp.views import hello
   
   urlpatterns = [
       # ... 其他URL模式
       path('hello/', hello),
   ]
   ```
   
   

8. Run the Daphne server to start the application. Execute the following command in the project root directory:

   daphne myproject.asgi:application
   ```
   
   这将启动Daphne服务器，并将应用程序绑定到默认的`localhost:8000`地址。
   
   

9. Now, you can access it in your browser http://localhost:8000/hello/and you should see a "Hello, World!" response.

This is just a simple example showing how to run a basic Django application using Daphne. You can extend and adapt it to your needs and project configuration. Please refer to the official documentation of Django and Daphne for more details and further configuration options.

Specify port

Of course, you can start the Daphne server in the background. You can use the following command to run Daphne in the background:

daphne -b <绑定地址> -p <端口> myproject.asgi:application

• <绑定地址>Is the server address to be bound, which can be an IP address or host name. The default is localhost.
• <端口>is the port number to use, default is 8000.
• myproject.asgi:applicationSpecifies the entry point for the ASGI application.

The Daphne server will then run in the background and bind to the specified address and port. You can continue to use the terminal or close the terminal window and the Daphne server will continue to run in the background.

If you want to stop the Daphne server running in the background, you can use killthe command to kill the corresponding process. You can psfind the PID of the Daphne process using the command and killkill it using the command. For example:

ps ax | grep daphne

This will display a list of processes related to Daphne, find the corresponding PID, and killkill it using the command. For example:

kill PID

will be PIDreplaced with the actual process ID.

When using a background-launched Daphne server, please ensure that you have configured the server's network access and security appropriately to prevent unauthorized access and potential security risks.