1.1 What is JMeter
Apache JMeter is a Java-based stress testing tool developed by the Apache organization. Used for stress testing software, it was originally designed for web application testing, but has since been expanded to other testing areas. It can be used to test static and dynamic resources such as static files, Java servlets, CGI scripts, Java objects, databases, FTP servers, etc. JMeter can be used to simulate huge loads on servers, networks or objects, test their strength under different stress categories and analyze overall performance. In addition, JMeter can do functional/regression testing of your application by creating scripts with assertions to verify that your program returns the results you expect. For maximum flexibility, JMeter allows assertions to be created using regular expressions.
Apache jmeter can be used to test the performance of static and dynamic resources (files, Servlets, Perl scripts, Java objects, databases and queries, FTP servers, etc.). It can be used to simulate heavy loads on servers, networks or objects to test their strength or analyze overall performance under different stress types. You can use it to do graphical analysis of performance or test your servers/scripts/objects under large concurrent loads.
1.2 Why JMeter
Why choose JMeter? Let’s take a look at the features of JMeter.
1. Open source license: Jmeter is completely free and provides source code for custom development
2. Graphical interface mode: Provides a convenient graphical interface to edit and develop test scripts
3. Platform independent: can be easily run on windows, linux, mac
4. Multi-threading framework: Through thread groups, concurrent users for different tests can be easily set up.
5. Graphical test results: Provides result display in charts, tables, trees, files and other formats.
6. Easy to install: jmeter does not require installation, just download and unzip it.
7. High scalability: jmeter supports user-defined test scripts and also provides various plug-ins.
8. Support multiple test types: support performance testing, distributed testing, and functional testing
9. Simulation: supports multi-user concurrent testing
10. Multi-protocol support: supports http, jdbc, ldap, soap, jms, ftp and other protocols
11. Recording & playback: supports recording with badboy or jmeter
12. Script test: jmeter supports beanshell and selenium
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1.3 JMeter working principle
The basic working principle of JMeter is as follows:
The complete working principle of JMeter is as follows:
1.4 Summary
This time I gave a simple basic introduction to jmeter, mainly to give everyone a basic understanding of jmeter.
The second JMeter directory and key configuration analysis
2.1 Preface
To learn a tool, you must first have a basic understanding of its key configurations and directories. This will make it easier to master the tool in depth. Below we will analyze and explain JMeter's directories and related key configurations.
2.2 Download and install
1. Install the main program
Download the latest version from the Apache JMeter official website:
http://jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi
Just unzip it directly after downloading.
2. Install plug-in management
Download the plug-in management package from
https://jmeter-plugins.org/install/Install/ or https://jmeter-plugins.org/downloads/all/ , as shown in the figure:
Place the downloaded package into lib/ext in the root directory of jmemter and then restart jmeter.
2.3 Directory description
First take a look at the decompressed JMeter installation directory:
Catalog description:
backups: Contains jmeter’s automatic backup and save of the test plan
bin: Contains startup, configuration and other related commands
docs: Official local documentation directory
extras: auxiliary library
lib: core library, including various basic libraries and plug-ins used by JMeter
licenses: Contains licenses for non-ASF software
printable_docs: Printable version documentation directory
LICENSE: JMeter License Description
NOTICE: JMeter simple information description
README.md: Official basic introduction to JMeter
Next we focus on the bin directory, as shown in the figure:
Mainly introduces the files in the bin directory that we are most concerned about:
jmeter.properties: JMeter core configuration file, various configurations are basically completed here
log4j.conf: JMeter log configuration management
jmeter.log: JMeter operation log record, all output information, warnings and errors are recorded here.
jmeter.bat: jmeter startup file under windows
shutdown.cmd: jmeter shutdown file under windows
stoptest.cmd: jmeter test stop file under windows
jmeter-server.bat: jmeter server mode startup file under windows
Note: Each .cmd file corresponds to a .sh file. .sh is a file with corresponding functions under Linux. The functions of other files will not be explained one by one. At the same time, other directories will not be explained here. Those who are interested can Take a closer look yourself.
2.4 Key configuration instructions
1. jmeter.properties configuration instructions
It mainly includes the following aspects of configuration:
SSL configuration:
Focus on the following configurations
#Specify HTTPS protocol layer
https.default.protocol=TLS
#Specify the SSL version, which may need to be modified in actual applications
https.default.protocol=SSLv3
# Set the startup protocol
https.socket.protocols=SSLv2Hello SSLv3 TLSv1
# Cache control, controls whether SSL can be reused in multiple iterations
https.use.cached.ssl.context=true
JMeter interface display configuration
The interface display control will not be explained here. Generally, the default interface can meet everyone's application.
JMeter test project automatic backup configuration
#Set whether to enable automatic backup, the default is true
jmeter.gui.action.save.backup_on_save=true
#Set the automatic backup directory. The default backup is to backups in the JMeter root directory.
jmeter.gui.action.save.backup_directory=
#Set the number of automatic backup items, the default is the latest 10
jmeter.gui.action.save.keep_backup_max_count=10
Remote host configuration
# Configure the IP of the remote host. The default is the local machine. Use commas "," to set multiple remote hosts
remote_hosts=127.0.0.1
# Examples of specifying multiple remote hosts are as follows, where: is followed by the port
remote_hosts=127.0.0.1:1099,127.0.0.1:1200,127.0.0.1:1300
For the configuration of RMID, please directly see the option description in the configuration file.
Log management configuration
# Set log format
log_format_type=default
#Set log output level
log_level.jmeter=INFO
#Set junit log output level
log_level.jmeter.junit=DEBUG
#Set the log output target file, the default is jmeter.log
log_file=jmeter.log
There are more than 10 other major configuration items (I won’t list them one by one).
jmeter.bat key configuration modifications
In order to use jmeter more optimally, some configurations in jmeter.bat need to be optimized according to the current machine configuration. Here are the key configuration items, find these configurations, and modify the values in them according to the current machine hardware configuration.
set HEAP=-Xms2048m -Xmx2048m
set NEW=-XX:NewSize=512m -XX:MaxNewSize=512m
set SURVIVOR=-XX:SurvivorRatio=8 -
XX:TargetSurvivorRatio=50%
set TENURING=-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=2
if %current_minor% LEQ "8" (
rem Increase MaxPermSize if you use a lot of Javascript in
your Test Plan :
set PERM=-XX:PermSize=512m -
XX:MaxPermSize=1024m
)
2.5 Start jmeter
Just double-click jmeter.bat in the bin directory.
The interface after startup is as follows:
2.6 Summary
This time, the installation and configuration of jmeter and key configuration items are shared. You can study other configurations in depth to further familiarize yourself with the principles and applications of jmeter.
Finally, I would like to thank everyone who read my article carefully. Looking at the increase in fans and attention, there is always some courtesy. Although it is not a very valuable thing, if you can use it, you can take it directly!
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