linux installation postgresql13

• Reference article: Ubuntu 18.04 Installing Postgresql 13 + Postgis and its related components + pgAdmin 4

1. Install postgresql13

1.1 Installation

• Linux download link: https://www.postgresql.org/download/linux/ubuntu/
• Installation command

  sudo sh -c 'echo "deb https://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt $(lsb_release -cs)-pgdg main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list'
  wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -
  sudo apt-get update
  sudo apt-get -y install postgresql-13  # -后面是自己的版本
  

1.2. Database initialization

• Enter the default installation path and create a new folder

  cd /usr/share/postgresql
  mkdir pgsql_data
  

• Grant folder permissions

  sudo chmod 777 /usr/share/postgresql/pgsql_data
  

• Database initialization

  /usr/lib/postgresql/13/bin/initdb -D /usr/share/postgresql/pgsql_data
  

  

• Service start and stop

  # 启动
   /usr/lib/postgresql/13/bin/pg_ctl -D /usr/share/postgresql/pgsql_data start
  # 停止
  /usr/lib/postgresql/13/bin/pg_ctl -D /usr/share/postgresql/pgsql_data stop
  

1.3. Configure remote access

1.3.1 Modify configuration file

• Modify pg_hba.conffiles

  cd /usr/share/postgresql/pgsql_data  # 这个路径修改，我的远程连接不了
  cd /etc/postgresql/13/main/         # 这个路径修改，远程连接可以
  

  • Edit the file pg_hba.conf

    vim pg_hba.conf
    

  • Add content [Add/modify: Allow any user to access the database with password from any machine, add the following line as the first rule:]

    host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0            md5
    

    
• Modify postgresql.conffiles

  cd /usr/share/postgresql/pgsql_data    # 这个路径修改，我的远程连接不了
  cd /etc/postgresql/13/main/			   # 这个路径修改，远程连接可以
  

  • Edit the file postgresql.conf

    vim postgresql.conf
    

  • Modify content

    listen_addresses = '*'  # 原值为		listen_addresses = 'localhost'
    

1.3.2 Restart the service

• Restart service

  sudo /etc/init.d/postgresql restart
  

• Check service status

  service postgresql status
  

  

1.3.3 Test connection

• test connection

  psql postgres://username:password@ip:5432/databasename
  # 主机ip 端口号默认5432
  psql postgres://postgres:[email protected]:5432/testdb  # 本地测试
  

  

1.4 Uninstall

sudo apt-get purge 'postgresql-15' # 卸载15版本
sudo apt-get autoremove 'postgresql-15'

2. Install Postgis

2.1 Installation

• Modify sources.listfiles

  sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt bionic-pgdg main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list'
  

  
  • Solve by vimmodifying/etc/apt/sources.list

    vim /etc/apt/sources.list  # 打开文件
    deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt bionic-pgdg main # 添加的内容
    

• Installation command

  wget --quiet -O - http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -
  # sudo apt update  报错执行。不报错不执行
  sudo apt install postgis
  sudo apt install postgresql-13-pgrouting
  sudo apt install postgis-gui
  

2.2 Add postgis to the database

2.2.1 View files

• Enter the relevant directory

  /usr/share/postgresql/13/contrib/  # 13为自己的版本
  

• Check if there postgis.sql are spatial_ref_sys.sql files
  • If not uninstalled and reinstalledpostgis
    

2.2.2 Add postgis to the database

• method one
  • Database add postgiscommand

    psql -d mapdb1 -f /usr/share/postgresql/13/contrib/postgis-3.4/postgis.sql
    psql -d mapdb1 -f /usr/share/postgresql/13/contrib/postgis-3.4/spatial_ref_sys.sql
    

  • Report an error
    • Because PostgreSQL uses Peer authentication by default, that means the names of the database user and the operating system user must be the same. That is, create an operating system user in the database
      
• Method Two
  • Create a spatially extended database

    create database testdb;  # 创建数据库
    CREATE EXTENSION postgis; # 进入执行以下postgis扩展
    

  • Create table [no error, indicating success]

    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS geotable
    (
        id integer NOT NULL,
        geom geometry(MultiPolygon)
    );
    

2.2.3 Create operating system user

• Log in as postgres user

  sudo su postgres            
  

• Create user

  CREATE ROLE user LOGIN;     # user为自己的操作系统用户名
  

• Grant superuser privileges

  ALTER USER user SUPERUSER;
  

• Database add postgiscommand

  psql -d testdb -f /usr/share/postgresql/13/contrib/postgis-3.4/postgis.sql
  psql -d testdb -f /usr/share/postgresql/13/contrib/postgis-3.4/spatial_ref_sys.sql
  

  

3. Install pgAdmin 4

• Windows comes with postgresql installed, but Ubuntu needs to install it yourself.
• Link: https://www.pgadmin.org/download/pgadmin-4-apt/
• Related commands

  curl -fsS https://www.pgadmin.org/static/packages_pgadmin_org.pub | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/packages-pgadmin-org.gpg
  sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/packages-pgadmin-org.gpg] http://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/pgadmin/pgadmin4/apt/$(lsb_release -cs) pgadmin4 main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgadmin4.list && apt update'
  sudo apt install pgadmin4
  

3.1pgAdmin 4 remote connection database

• Create service group
  
• Create link
  
• Fill in the information
  
• Ready to connect