Understand Linux (continuously updated)

1. Introduction Overview

1. Why should we learn Linux?

Linux has been around for so many years. In the past, it was still shouting about how it could replace Windows systems. Now this slogan has become much smaller. The development of any thing has its limitations and its ceiling. Just like building another social software to replace Tencent in China, it is basically impossible to think about it because users are already accustomed to using WeChat to communicate. It’s not that they don’t understand the technical implementation, but that the people are already used to it and want them not to use it, even if they If you don’t use your relatives and friends, you still have to use them. There is nothing you can do about it.

It is basically impossible for people who are accustomed to the Windows operating system to switch to other operating systems. It is too difficult to change the habits that a person has developed. There is no way to penetrate into the lives of ordinary people, but it does not mean that Linux has no place to play. On the server side, Linux is becoming more and more popular in the development field. Many programmers feel embarrassed if they don't know anything about Linux. Linux's status in the open source community remains unchanged.

Especially as a back-end programmer, you must master Linux, because this has become the basic threshold for you to find a job, so you have to learn it!

2. Introduction to Linux

The Linux kernel was originally written as a hobby by Finnish Linus Torvalds while he was a student at the University of Helsinki.

Linux is a free-to-use and freely disseminated Unix-like operating system. It is a multi-user, multi-task, multi-thread and multi-CPU operating system based on POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface) and UNIX.

Linux can run major UNIX software tools, applications and network protocols. It supports 32-bit and 64-bit hardware. Linux inherits the network-centric design philosophy of Unix and is a multi-user network operating system with stable performance.

3.Linux distribution

To put it simply, a Linux distribution is a package of the Linux kernel and application software.

The more well-known distributions currently on the market include: Ubuntu, RedHat, CentOS, Debian, Fedora, SuSE, OpenSUSE, Arch Linux, SolusOS, etc.

4.Linux application areas

Today, various Linux distributions are used in various occasions, from embedded devices to supercomputers, and have established a position in the server field. Usually servers use LAMP (Linux + Apache + MySQL + PHP) or LNMP (Linux + Nginx + MySQL + PHP) combination.

• Linux is currently not only used in homes and businesses, but is also very popular in government.

• The Brazilian federal government is world-famous for its support of Linux.

• There are news reports that the Russian military's own Linux distribution has come to fruition as the GHost project.

• India's Kerala Federation plans to promote the use of Linux in high schools across the federation.

• In order to achieve technological independence, the People's Republic of China exclusively uses Linux in Loongson processors.

• Some regions in Spain have developed their own Linux distributions and are widely used in the government and education fields, such as gnuLinEx in the Extremadura region and Guadalinex in the Andalusia region.

• Portugal also uses its own Linux distribution, Caixa Mágica, for Magalh?es laptops and e-escola government software.

• France and Germany are also beginning to gradually adopt Linux.

5.Linux vs Windows