Analyze Tokio's operating mechanism and internal implementation principles, and further explore how to use Rust to write robust, asynchronous, flexible, and easily scalable applications.

Author: Zen and the Art of Computer Programming

1 Introduction

In June 2018, the Rust language officially released version 1.0 at the annual developer conference held by Microsoft. As a new system programming language, its superior features have quickly made it popular among the public. Today, the Rust language has become a mainstream system programming language and is favored by industries such as cloud computing, microservices, and blockchain. But just because of the emergence of Rust, there has been a discussion about how to use Rust to write robust, efficient, flexible, and easily scalable applications.
At the beginning of 2019, the Tokio project appeared in people's sight. Tokio is an open source asynchronous runtime library that focuses on providing a simple and safe way to write asynchronous IO applications. It provides an abstraction layer that allows developers to seamlessly switch between different types of asynchronous runtimes, and provides a unified interface for implementing different functions, including network IO, file IO, database access, HTTP client, and multi-thread scheduling. wait.
In this article, we will introduce Tokio, analyze Tokio's operating mechanism and internal implementation principles, and further explore how to use Rust to write robust, asynchronous, flexible, and easily scalable applications.

2. Explanation of basic concepts and terms

2.1 Event-driven model

First, we need to understand what an event-driven model is. As the name suggests, the event-driven model means that when something triggers an event or the state changes, it is processed based on the event. A distinctive feature of the event-driven model is that as long as an event occurs, it will definitely trigger some kind of response. In other words, this approach relies on event triggering rather than repeated polling for detection.

The figure above shows an example of an event-driven model. The user triggers a button click event. At this time, the application will generate a user interaction event, which will then be monitored at the application logic layer, and then an event object will be generated and passed to the corresponding business processing layer. Then, the business processing layer generates a command object after processing the event