1. Use lock objects: Thread synchronization is achieved by locking objects using the ReentrantLock and synchronized keywords. This method is Java's most basic thread synchronization technology.
2. Use the volatile keyword: Declare a volatile variable to ensure its visibility to all threads, and each write operation will force the cache to be refreshed. This method is suitable for situations where only one thread performs write operations and other threads perform read operations.
3. Use the wait/notify mechanism: The wait/notify mechanism is an advanced and flexible thread synchronization method. The wait and notify methods need to be called inside the synchronized block. Wait releases the lock and allows other threads to occupy the lock. notify wakes up the thread waiting for the lock.
4. Use auxiliary classes such as CountDownLatch and CyclicBarrier: These classes provide more advanced thread synchronization functions and can achieve synchronization between multiple threads. CountDownLatch is used to wait for multiple threads to complete before executing code, while CyclicBarrier is used to wait for all threads to be ready before executing code.
5. Use the Atomic class: The Atomic class provides some atomic operations to avoid data competition problems that occur when multiple threads operate the same variable at the same time. It is often used to operate on basic data types, such as AtomicInteger, AtomicBoolean, etc.