I. Overview
1.1 Definition of Internet of Things
Internet of Things Engineering (Internet of Things Engineering) is an emerging discipline that uses information technology (IT) to improve people's lifestyles in the physical world. It uses Internet technology to provide services and benefits for our daily life, so that various intelligence Devices are fully integrated into our lives. The Internet of Things Engineering mainly involves hardware equipment, network technology, biotechnology, embedded systems, electronic information engineering, control engineering and sensory Internet of Things technology applications.
The core of the Internet of Things project is to achieve real-time interaction and intelligent connection through data collection technology. Technically speaking, Internet of Things engineering can fully integrate IOT (Internet of Things) cloud computing, network technology, Internet of Things sensing technology and other technologies to obtain a large amount of data, which can help individuals, groups and enterprises According to the needs, use appropriate technology to make judgments and processing decisions quickly and accurately, thereby achieving intelligent control and management.
The Internet of Things project can connect traditional equipment, instruments and equipment, information systems, interactive devices, and sensor systems to the Internet, and through the development of intelligent software and platforms, the IoT system can meet more and more diverse and real-time requirements. The Internet of Things project can also realize the integration of complex systems, and use the global Internet to connect multiple systems, thereby helping enterprises and individuals to realize the large-scale and intelligent comprehensive application and implementation of the Internet.
Internet of Things engineering is a relatively new discipline. It studies many problems and can be used to solve increasingly complex living environments and make human life safer and more comfortable. Internet of Things engineering will profoundly change the current society and economy. pattern, its technology development direction is very broad, including: intelligent analysis, Internet of Things technology development, Internet of Things security and safety management, automation technology, etc. In the future, many applications and technologies based on the Internet of Things can be truly put into practice and become new breakthroughs in the Internet of Things era.
1.2 Overview of IoT System
Internet of Things engineering refers to the field of realizing intelligence, automation and interconnection by applying technologies such as physical equipment, sensors, network connections and data analysis to physical systems and equipment. It involves multiple subject areas, such as computer science, electrical engineering, communication technology, and data science. The main goal of the Internet of Things project is to establish an interconnected network so that physical devices and sensors can collect and transmit data in real time, and interact and control through the network. This enables intelligent interconnection and data sharing between devices, thereby improving efficiency, reducing costs, and even creating new business models and value. The Internet of Things system is an application system based on Internet of Things technology. It aims to achieve data interaction, real-time monitoring and remote control between devices by connecting and managing various physical devices and sensors to improve production efficiency, optimize resource utilization, and enhance security. sexual purposes.
An overview of IoT systems is as follows:
1. Device connection and management: The IoT system connects various devices, sensors and terminal nodes together through the IoT platform to realize device registration, connection and configuration management. Through unified interfaces and protocols, devices can communicate and interconnect with the system.
2. Data collection and processing: The Internet of Things system collects data from various access devices and sensors, and processes and analyzes the data. Through data collection and processing, the system can obtain information such as equipment status and environmental parameters in real time, and perform data preprocessing, cleaning and aggregation to provide support for subsequent business decisions.
3. Real-time monitoring and remote control: The Internet of Things system can monitor and control access equipment in real time. Through real-time data updates and visual display, users can understand the operating status of the equipment at any time, detect abnormal situations in time, and take corresponding measures. At the same time, the system can also remotely control the equipment, and realize remote operation and control of the equipment through command issuance and feedback mechanisms.
4. Data analysis and decision support: By analyzing and modeling a large amount of collected data, the IoT system can provide rich data indicators and reports to help users conduct data analysis and business decisions. Based on the results of data analysis, the system can generate early warning information, optimize resource allocation, improve production processes and other suggestions to improve work efficiency and quality.
5. Security and privacy protection: IoT systems focus on data security and privacy protection. The security of the system is ensured through security mechanisms such as identity authentication, data encrypted transmission, and rights management. At the same time, it also pays attention to the privacy rights of users and strictly follows data protection regulations and privacy policies.
The Internet of Things system has a wide range of applications in industrial automation, smart cities, smart homes, logistics and transportation, agriculture and other fields. Their goal is to achieve intelligent and efficient management and control, improve production efficiency, reduce costs, and improve user experience.
2. Introduction to the Internet of Things training room of the ICT industry-education integration innovation training base
2.1 Introduction to the training room
The Internet of Things training room is a practical teaching place established to cultivate the practical abilities of Internet of Things engineers and students in related majors. The training room needs to be equipped with IoT devices, sensors, network devices and related software tools, providing an environment that simulates real scenarios, allowing students to develop, test and debug real IoT applications.
The following is an introduction to the Internet of Things training room:
Hardware equipment: The training room is equipped with various Internet of Things equipment, such as sensors, actuators, embedded development boards, communication modules, etc. These devices can simulate actual IoT application scenarios, such as smart home environments, smart agriculture, smart transportation systems, etc.
Network equipment: The training room has network equipment used for networking and connecting IoT devices, including network switches, routers, wireless access points, etc. These devices are used to build communication networks between IoT devices and realize data transmission and interaction between devices.
Practical training software: The practical training room provides relevant software tools and development environments for students to develop, manage and monitor Internet of Things applications. These software tools include IoT cloud platforms, cloud service platforms, development tool sets, etc.
Practical projects: The training room will provide some practical projects for student teams to conduct practical learning and project development. These projects can be application cases based on real-world scenarios, and students need to design and develop corresponding IoT solutions, implement, test and configure them.
Training courses: The practical training room will also provide corresponding training courses, including theoretical knowledge teaching and practical operation guidance. Students can learn the basic theoretical knowledge of the Internet of Things through the course and master the skills and methods of Internet of Things application development.
Through the study and practice in the IoT training room, students can deeply understand the principles and applications of IoT technology, become familiar with related development and debugging tools, and improve their practical ability and problem-solving ability. This is of great significance to students who will engage in Internet of Things engineering-related work in the future.
2.2 Construction purpose
Practical ability cultivation: Through the construction of the practical training room, it aims to provide a real Internet of Things application scenario so that students can carry out practical operations and practical projects in the actual environment. Through practice, students’ practical abilities are cultivated so that they can skillfully use IoT technology for application development, testing and debugging.
Cultivating team collaboration capabilities: The Internet of Things often requires the collaboration of multiple people, including hardware equipment installation, system architecture design, software development, etc. The construction goal of the practical training room is to cultivate students' teamwork skills so that they can cooperate with others in actual projects and form a good atmosphere of division of labor and cooperation.
Problem-solving ability training: In actual IoT applications, problems and challenges often arise, such as equipment failures, data transmission abnormalities, etc. The construction goal of the practical training room is to cultivate students' problem-solving abilities, enable them to independently analyze and solve problems through practical operations and debugging, and cultivate their innovative thinking and solution capabilities.
Cultivation of innovation awareness: The Internet of Things training room encourages students to put forward innovative ideas and solutions in practical projects, and cultivate their innovation awareness and entrepreneurial spirit. Through practice and experiment, students' innovative abilities are stimulated and their innovative thinking and entrepreneurial abilities in the field of Internet of Things are cultivated.
Practical application ability development: The goal of the Internet of Things training room is to cultivate students' abilities in practical applications. Through project practice based on actual application scenarios, students will be able to master the application of IoT technology in different fields, such as smart homes, industrial automation, smart cities, etc., laying a solid foundation for future job hunting and career development.
The goal of the construction of the Internet of Things training room is to cultivate students' practical ability, teamwork ability, problem-solving ability, innovation awareness and practical application ability through practice and project practice, so as to adapt to the needs of the development of Internet of Things technology and provide students with professional skills. Lay a solid foundation for development.
3. Composition of the Internet of Things training room of the ICT industry-education integration innovation training base
3.1 IoT training platform
The Internet of Things training platform is a multi-functional teaching and training platform for the Internet of Things. According to the technical architecture of the Internet of Things, it is divided into the perception layer, the network layer, and the application layer. Taking smart home, smart agriculture, smart transportation, and smart security as cases, it provides Provide students with a practical training environment to learn the underlying hardware composition, business principles and application development of the Internet of Things. The training platform comprehensively uses sensor technology, RFID technology, interface control technology, wireless sensor network technology, Android application development, etc., and cooperates with 433M wireless communication equipment, ZigBee nodes, radio frequency equipment, control equipment, gateways and the Internet of Things on the training platform. The cloud platform builds a five-in-one comprehensive training platform integrating basic, verification, design, comprehensive and innovative development to realize smart home access security monitoring, smart home environment monitoring, intelligent control of home equipment, intelligent detection of agricultural environment, Functions such as intelligent control of agricultural equipment.
Features
1. Convenient teaching: Based on the goals and methods of cultivating Internet of Things professionals in vocational colleges, optimization and design of practical training teaching are proposed, from the recognition of Internet of Things knowledge and technology to the training of Internet of Things practical skills. Finally, the teaching concept of improving the ability of Internet of Things professional positions is achieved.
2. Wide technology coverage: The design integrates as many mainstream IoT devices or IoT technologies into the system, including sensor technology, data collection technology, radio frequency identification technology, wireless network technology, mobile Internet technology, embedded technology, Intelligent terminal technology, host computer application software technology, etc., comprehensive coverage of Internet of Things related technical fields.
3. Provide a wealth of application training system examples: the system uses smart home applications, smart transportation applications, smart agricultural applications, smart environment monitoring and other application scenarios, as well as multiple business sub-items based on application scenarios. All application scenarios and business sub-items Each function is selected from real IoT industry applications.
4. Modular design facilitates expansion: The software and hardware system adopts platform and modular design, combined with the universal and standardized design of the Internet of Things training station. In addition to completing demonstration training of supporting training content, it can also be based on the Internet of Things practice training stations and system software and hardware modules to connect and expand more technologies or businesses.
5. Supporting massive teaching resources: In addition to providing a complete software and hardware system, this training device is also equipped with a complete IoT training guide for the equipment, complete and rich teaching and training material resources, and IoT teaching based on the equipment system. video. Provide free installation and deployment services and equipment training services.
Technical advantages
(1) Wireless communication module
Wireless nodes can be configured directly through Weizhong's "Visual Interface Generator" and "Visual Controller" to support dynamically changing the functions of the IO port of the wireless node module. The functions include key access, digital access, digital output, and analog quantity input and PWM output. When switching these functions, there is no need to re-program the wireless node firmware.
(2) Visual editor
Through the PC terminal, different device operation interfaces can be generated directly on this tool in a "visible and available" manner, supporting five visual controls such as indicator lights, buttons, picture collections, variable windows, and graphic and text links. The actions of all controls can be directly reflected on the actual IoT device (i.e., wireless node module). After the interface is generated, it can be directly imported into the App for use without recompiling or installing the App.
(3) Visual controller
The App can realize data viewing, status viewing, action control and other functions of wireless nodes. App can realize action linkage between different wireless nodes. Linkage operations can be configured directly through the App without the need to rewrite the embedded or App code. The App can edit the action list, package the actuator's actions into an action list in sequence, and equip it with trigger source signals to achieve linkage.
(4) IoT Gateway
The communication gateway based on ARM Cortex-M4 core supports Weizhong wireless node module, and is equipped with Weizhong IoT teaching App and Weizhong IoT PC editor. The IoT gateway can manage wireless node modules of different protocols, and can treat multiple wireless node modules as different devices, convert the data of the wireless node modules into TCP network communication, the gateway and the wireless node modules can communicate with each other, and easily build the Internet of Things network. A common IoT application development platform. Through this IoT platform, the development cost and development time of IoT applications can be quickly reduced. Even if developers do not know programming, they can quickly use this platform to develop their own IoT applications within a day or two. Weizhong IoT gateway comes with two serial port transparent transmission services, which can be externally connected to various wireless transmission modules such as zigbee, lora, NB-IOT, etc. It also supports protocol conversion. Node data can be directly viewed through the Weizhong IoT cloud platform, or Generate API interface for application layer development.
Training function
Provides the following software and hardware support:
1) Basic hardware: including Weizhong IoT gateway, Weizhong IoT node, coverage, ZigBee wireless sensor network, 433M wireless communication, Wi-Fi wireless network, BLE Bluetooth, LoRa narrowband IoT communication, NB-IOT Internet communication technology, Android mobile Internet development, embedded development, sensor technology, execution control, network communication, NET development, JavaScript and other technologies;
2) Practical training module: It uses industrial-grade high-precision sensors and actuators, covering a variety of sensing and acquisition technologies such as analog/digital acquisition. It designs functional modules based on specific industry applications and provides a complete hardware driver layer and network. Teaching and training content such as transport layer, protocol conversion and debugging;
3) Practical training projects: Various complex application scenarios are formed through the combination of hardware modules provided by the practical training board, providing complete teaching and training content such as hardware driver layer, network transmission layer, and Weizhong application layer (Android and NET). ;
4) Comprehensive cases: Based on the application cases of the Internet of Things combined with specific industries, a complete case development manual and related source code are provided.
3.2 IoT cloud platform
The Internet of Things Fusion Cloud Platform is a Web application that mainly serves higher vocational colleges across the country. It provides higher vocational colleges with a complete Internet of Things system to facilitate students to learn through the Internet of Things Fusion Platform. Gain IoT hardware knowledge and master software programming technology, while meeting the needs of the IoT skills competition.
The platform is developed based on the bottom layer of Linux for teaching and skills competitions. It is based on the B/S architecture and is developed using the MVC model. It abstracts the object layer, presentation layer and control layer, with no dependencies between them. The loosely coupled code organization facilitates large-scale implementation. Parallel development provides a basis for upgrading, maintaining, and transforming the entire system in batches, and has extremely strong expansion capabilities. The Internet of Things integration platform integrates teaching and competitions, which not only allows students to learn to use the platform and practical training equipment, but also improves their proficiency in the content assessed in the skills competition. Each student can freely create an IoT project in the platform and control the training equipment through his own project, and the platform supports multi-terminal operations at the same time (PCs with Internet access, smartphones, tablets, etc.), making the IoT integration platform truly It allows students to experience the application of Internet of Things technology and the career prospects of Internet of Things applications.
Features
1. Simplify data management: For situations where the service layer has a lot of sensor data and user data, the cloud supports a one-click synchronization function. As long as the service layer is connected to the external network, the data can be synchronized to the cloud; for Gateways and sensor devices, as long as the service layer is connected to the external network, changes in the service layer will be automatically synchronized to the cloud and do not need to be added again.
2. Rich data analysis: Provide rich data statistics and analysis results display to help schools grasp the overall usage of equipment.
3. Cross-platform: Based on the Web architecture, all you need is a web browser or a mobile terminal. There is no need to worry about which operating system to use. Any PC, smartphone, tablet and other devices with Internet access can access the cloud platform anytime and anywhere.
The platform has four main functional features:
First, the platform provides quick access to IoT perception layer devices (gateways, nodes, such as cameras). Currently, the platform provides multiple access protocol types.
Second, the platform provides an API standard output platform that provides a unified data format standard for secondary development. It is simple and does not limit the development language, so that students can quickly develop their own data collection, analysis, and equipment monitoring and control through the unified API interface provided by the cloud platform. IoT applications.
Third, students in practical training project management can create, start, modify, and delete their own IoT projects, and generate exclusive API interface documents based on the projects to control the hardware connections of the sensing layer (gateways, nodes, such as cameras) within the project.
Fourth, the Easy Cloud Platform provides a complete and secure cloud data development interface, avoiding the analysis of complex IoT communication protocols and cloud data conversion tasks, simplifying the IoT project development and debugging process, allowing students to develop IoT projects simply and efficiently application. The platform is very suitable for IoT beginners. By quickly connecting the perception layer and the application layer, it lowers the learning threshold and supports mainstream high-level development languages to make enterprise-level applications.
Training function
Students can freely create IoT projects on the front-end training page. After creating the project, they can configure the project, such as adding devices, adding sensors, and configuring strategies. After configuring, students can perform the operation of generating API interface documents. Students can refer to the API interface document for programming, and ultimately achieve the purpose of controlling the training equipment.
3.3 Graphical programming tool
The graphical programming tool is a visual programming tool library based on drag-and-drop graphical design. Program design is completed through drag-and-drop graphical programming. As an easy-to-master graphical programming environment, it is a powerful tool for programming beginners to learn and master programming methods. Using graphical programming to understand programming languages can make it easier for students to understand the content of programming statements and solve the pain points of most programming grammars.
The graphical programming tool is based on the blockly language module. The graphics module is used to represent various underlying driver libraries using the hardware. Variables, functions, input and output and other language codes are connected according to the upper and lower association forms of the graphics module. The final combination is executable C language or python language code. The graphical-based programming model well maps actual code relationships and hierarchical structures, replacing the traditional code writing process and simplifying the underlying hardware code writing process.
4. Construction diagram of the Internet of Things training room of the ICT industry-education integration innovation training base
5. List of plans for the Internet of Things training room of the ICT industry-education integration innovation training base
6. The value of the Internet of Things training room program of the ICT industry-education integrated innovative training base
6.1 Professional teaching support
Can provide information technology (integrated wiring, Internet of Things, smart home, smart security, electronic information, embedded, mobile Internet) teaching software and hardware environment; can provide information technology (integrated wiring, Internet of Things, smart home, smart security, Electronic information, embedded, mobile Internet) practical training software and hardware resources;
6.2 1+X authentication service
Provides 1+X certificate (Internet of Things smart home system integration and application, IoT sensor network development) primary, intermediate and advanced certification training resources; Web front-end development 1+X certificate primary and intermediate resources
6.2.1 Smart home system integration and application
6.2.2 Sensor network application development
6.3 Internet of Things installation and debugging supervisor
6.3.1 Professional identification
In April 2022, the Beijing Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau issued the "Notice on Carrying out the Recognition of New Occupational Skill Levels", which will carry out the skill level recognition work for Internet of Things installation and debugging personnel, divided into five skill levels, namely junior workers (level 5), intermediate workers (level 4), senior workers (level 3), technicians (level 2) and senior technicians (level 1).
The Education and Training Center of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security is an institution directly affiliated with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the People's Republic of China. It is responsible for the three major responsibilities of cadre training for the national human resources and social security system, corporate management personnel training, and vocational skills training.
Service Vocational Training
Support talent evaluation work, promote the construction of the Internet of Things skilled talent team, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the Internet of Things industry. The training room meets the skills training and training of Internet of Things installation and debugging personnel.
6.3.2 Knowledge points on skill assessment for Internet of Things installation and debugging personnel
1. Basic knowledge of professional ethics: professional code
(1) Be conscientious and dedicated to your duties.
(2) Be diligent and eager to learn, learn and apply.
(3) Study business and be brave in innovation.
(4) Be dedicated to your job and abide by disciplines and laws.
2. Basic knowledge: basic computer knowledge
(1) Knowledge of computer operating systems.
(2) Computer hardware knowledge.
(3) Computer network knowledge.
(4) Computer security knowledge.
(5) Database knowledge.
3. Basic knowledge of electrical and electronics
(1) Basic knowledge of electrical engineering.
(2) Basic knowledge of electrical control.
(3) Basic knowledge of power supply and distribution.
(4) Basic knowledge of electronic technology.
4. Basic knowledge of IoT systems
(1) Overview of the Internet of Things system.
(2) Basic knowledge of IoT perception.
(3) Knowledge of Internet of Things networks and communication systems.
(4) Basic knowledge of Internet of Things information processing.
(5) Basic knowledge of Internet of Things control.
(6) Internet of things network information security knowledge.
(7) Knowledge of IoT cloud platform and software system.
5. Understanding of IoT application scenarios
(1) Smart home.
(2) Intelligent buildings.
(3) Intelligent logistics.
(4) Intelligent transportation.
(5) Smart elderly care.
(6) Smart community.
(7) Smart Park.
(8) Smart agriculture.
(9) Smart factory.
6. Safety production and environmental protection knowledge
(1) Knowledge about safety and fire prevention
(2) Knowledge related to safe use of electricity.
(3) Knowledge related to environmental protection.
(4) On-site first aid knowledge.
(5) Work safety management knowledge.
(6) Safe production operation norms.
7. Knowledge of relevant laws and regulations
(1) Relevant knowledge of the "Labor Law of the People's Republic of China".
(2) Relevant knowledge of the Contract Law of the People's Republic of China.
(3) Relevant knowledge of the "Cybersecurity Law of the People's Republic of China".
(4) Relevant knowledge of the Intellectual Property Law of the People's Republic of China.
(5) Relevant knowledge of the "Computer Software Protection Regulations".
(6) Relevant knowledge of the "Implementing Measures for the Interim Provisions of the People's Republic of China on the Management of International Networking of Computer Information Networks".
6.4 Skill Competition
6.4.1 BRICS Skills Competition and Xiamen Future Skills International Challenge
6.4.2 Internet of Things Contest by Educational Authorities
6.4.3 IoT Events in the Human Resources and Social Security Sector
6.4.4 Industry online competition
6.5 Support for the Internet of Things Professional Group Skills Competition
6.5.1 5G Technology Application Development Competition
In the 2020 "Chinese College Students 5G Technology Application Development Competition" organized by the China Communications Society and hosted by Datang Duoluo, Wuhan Weizhong will provide comprehensive technical support.
6.5.2 Belt and Road BRICS Skills Development and Innovation Competition
6.4.3 Building intelligent installation and debugging
