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As a lightweight application form, WeChat mini-programs have achieved great success in the field of mobile Internet.
As a Python developer, how to take advantage of Python in the development of WeChat applets? This article will show you how to build a Python-based WeChat applet project from scratch, including detailed solutions, solutions and practical cases.
1. Introduction to WeChat Mini Programs
The WeChat Mini Program is an application that can be used without downloading and installing. It realizes the dream of an application "at your fingertips". Users can open the application by scanning or searching.
The development of WeChat applets involves two parts, the front end and the back end. The front end mainly uses technologies such as WXML, WXSS, JavaScript, and WXS provided by WeChat officially, and the back end can choose any programming language and framework. This article will focus on how to use Python as the back-end language for WeChat applet development.
2. Preparation
-
Register a WeChat Mini Program account: Go to the WeChat public platform, register a Mini Program account and complete the relevant settings.
-
Download and install the WeChat developer tools: go to the WeChat developer tools official website, download and install the developer tools corresponding to the system version.
-
Choose a Python backend framework: This article uses Flask as an example to explain. First install Flask:
pip install flask
3. Build the front end of the small program
-
Open the WeChat Developer Tools, click "Create New Mini Program Project", and select a local directory as the project root directory.
-
Create a folder named "pages" under the project root directory to store the applet page files. Next, create a subfolder called "index" in the "pages" folder, which contains the following four files:
-
index.wxml: page structure file, similar to HTML.
-
index.wxss: page style file, similar to CSS.
-
index.js: page logic file, written in JavaScript.
-
index.json: page configuration file, used to define properties such as page title, navigation bar color, etc.
- Write a simple page that sends HTTP requests to the backend and displays the returned data. In the index.wxml file, add the following code:
<view class="container">
<button bindtap="fetchData">获取数据</button>
<view>服务器返回的数据：{
{data}}</view>
</view>
In the index.wxss file, add the following code:
container {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
height: 100%;
}
In the index.js file, add the following code:
Page({
data: {
data: ""
},
fetchData: function () {
var that = this;
wx.request({
url: "https://your-backend-url.com/data",
method: "GET",
success: function (res) {
that.setData({ data: res.data });
}
});
}
});
- In the app.json file in the project root directory, configure the page path:
{
"pages": \["pages/index/index"\],
"window": {
"navigationBarBackgroundColor": "#ffffff",
"navigationBarTextStyle": "black",
"navigationBarTitleText": "Python 小程序实践",
"backgroundColor": "#eeeeee",
"backgroundTextStyle": "light",
"enablePullDownRefresh": false
}
}
So far, the front-end part of the applet has been built.
4. Build the Python backend
-
Create a new folder named "backend" locally as the root directory of the Python backend project.
-
Create a file called "app.py" in the "backend" folder and add the following code:
from flask import Flask, jsonify
app = Flask(\_\_name\_\_)
@app.route("/data")
def data():
return jsonify({"message": "Hello from Python!"})
if \_\_name\_\_ == "\_\_main\_\_":
app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=5000)
- Start the backend server:
python app.py
At this point, the backend server will listen to the address 0.0.0.0:5000 and provide an API interface named "/data" to return JSON data.
5. Front-end and front-end joint debugging
-
Deploy the Python backend to a server accessible from the public network, such as using a cloud server, Heroku, or PythonAnywhere, etc. Replace the deployed server URL with the request address on the front end of the applet.
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Run the Mini Program project in the WeChat Developer Tools, click the "Get Data" button, and observe whether the data returned by the backend can be obtained normally.
6. Summary
This article describes in detail how to build a Python-based WeChat applet project from scratch, covering the front-end and back-end construction, joint debugging and other links. Through the introduction of this article, I believe you have a deeper understanding of how to take advantage of Python in the development of WeChat applets.
As an excellent developer, we need to constantly learn and explore various technologies and frameworks, give full play to their advantages, and improve software quality and development efficiency. I hope you can give full play to the charm of Python in the development practice of WeChat applets and create more excellent applications.
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