- A project includes four processes A, B, C, and D. The connection relationship between each process, the time and direct costs required for each process under normal progress, and the time and direct costs required for each process under rush schedule are shown in the following table . The daily indirect cost of this project is 45,000 yuan. According to this table, it will take ( ) days to complete at the minimum cost. (2022)
A、7
B、9
C、10
D、5
Answer: A
Parse:
It can be seen that there are two lines AB and ACD, one is 3+7=10 days, and the other is 3+4+5=12 days.
It is also known that A compression will require 8/2 = 4 per day
B compression needs 4/4 = 1 per day
C compression takes 8/2 = 4 per day
D compression needs 6/3 = 2 per day
At this time, D can be compressed first, then ACD only needs 10 days, and saves 4.5*2 - 2*2 = 50,000 yuan
At this time, it is not possible to compress BC, because 1+4>5 is not cost-effective
BD can be compressed, D can be compressed for 3 days in total, and can be compressed for one day, so saving 4.5-2-1=15,000
At this time, the whole process will take 9 days
But A can also be compressed for 2 days, saving 4.5*2-4*2=10,000
So 9-2=7 days
2. Three major models of structural analysis:
1) Data flow diagram: DFD
2) State transition diagram: STD diagram.
3) Data model: ER diagram.
3. UML is a modeling tool for object-oriented design, independent of any specific programming language design language, the following () does not belong to the UML model.
A. Use case diagram
B. Collaboration diagram
C. Activity diagram
D. PAD diagram
Answer: D
Parse:
PAD is business process design diagram
- (2017) Describing software systems with ( ) views?
- logical view
- development view
- process view
- user view
Answer: B
Parse:
Physical view, logical view, development view and process view, scenarios. (4+1 mode)
Class diagrams belong to the development view also known as the implementation view.
A scenario is a use case view for uml.
The physical view is the deployment view.
- (2017) UML use case diagram three relationships:
Include relationship include: two use cases, one use case must be done, and the other is being done.
Extended relationship extend: Two use cases, if one use case does not exist, the other can also be used normally.
Generalization relationship: it is a parent-child relationship.
6. (2017) What features does RISC not contain ().
A. The length of the instruction is fixed, and the types of instructions are as few as possible
B. The addressing mode is as rich as possible, and the instruction function is as strong as possible
C. Increase the number of registers to reduce the number of accesses
D. Use hard-wired circuits to realize instruction decoding and complete encoding as soon as possible.
Answer: B
Parse:
Instruction length: fixed
Command type: less
Command Complexity: Low
Addressing mode: less
Registers: multiple
Pipeline technical support
Hardwired control logic.
7. (2017) There are many types of software system tools , and software tools can usually be divided into ( ) according to software process activities .
A. Requirements analysis tools, design tools and software implementation tools
B. Software development tools, software maintenance tools, software management tools and software support tools
C. Requirements analysis tools, design tools, coding and troubleshooting tools, and testing tools
D. Design specification tools, coding tools, and verification tools
Answer: B
analyze:
The software process includes: software development, software maintenance, software management, and software support.
Among them, software development tools: requirements analysis tools, design tools, coding and troubleshooting tools.
Software maintenance tools: version control tools, document analysis, development repository, reengineering, reverse engineering.
Software management and software support tools: project management, configuration management, software evaluation, software development tool evaluation.
- (2017) A software process is a set of activities and results of a software product, these activities are mainly completed by software personnel, mainly including ( ). The software process model is the abstraction and concept of the actual process of software development, and it should include various activities that constitute the software process. The software process consists of a variety of models, in which () activities have causal relationships, and the results of the previous stage of work are the input descriptions of the next stage of work.
Answer:
Software description, software development, software validation and software evolution
waterfall model
Parse:
The basic concepts of software process model:
Software Description: Required to define software and limit constraints.
Software development: the design and implementation of software.
Validity verification of software: Strict verification is necessary to ensure that customer requirements are met.
Software evolution: Software upgrades together with customer needs.
There is a causal relationship in the waterfall model, and the next step is only after the previous work is completed.
The V model is testing and development in parallel: requirements analysis -> outline design -> detailed design -> development | unit test -> integration test -> system test -> acceptance test .
- In project scope management, the input of scope definition includes (). (2017)
Answer: Project charter, project scope management plan, organizational process assets, and approved change requests .
- Organizational information management requirements usually contain three levels, among which () the goal of requirements is to enhance organizational competitiveness. () Requirements include the requirements for realizing the strategic goal of informatization, and the operation strategy of talent cultivation. Technical requirements emphasize the requirements for system improvement, upgrading, integration and integration at the information technology level. (2017)
Answer: Strategic Requirements Operational Requirements
Parse:
Organizational information management requirements: strategic requirements, operational requirements, technical requirements.
- Distributed transaction two-phase commit()?
Answer: voting phase (preparation), execution phase (commitment)
Parse:
Voting stage: all systems are ready, and the deduction of fees and inventory is successful
Commit phase: all commits.