CentOS firewall operation: open port, open, close, configure

1. Basic use

Enabled:  systemctl start firewalld
Disabled:  systemctl stop firewalld
View Status:  systemctl status firewalld
Powered On Disabled:  systemctl disable firewalld
Powered On Enabled: systemctl enable firewalld

systemctl is the main tool in the service management tool of CentOS7. It integrates the functions of the previous service and chkconfig into one.
Start a service: systemctl start firewalld.service
close a service: systemctl stop firewalld.service
restart a service: systemctl restart firewalld.service
display the status of a service: systemctl status firewalld.service
enable a service at boot time: systemctl enable firewalld.service
at boot time Disable a service: systemctl disable firewalld.service
check whether the service is powered on and start: systemctl is-enabled firewalld.service
check the list of services that have been started: systemctl list-unit-files|grep enabled
check the list of services that failed to start:systemctl --failed

2. Configure firewalld-cmd

View version:  firewall-cmd --version
View help:  firewall-cmd --help
Display status:  firewall-cmd --state
View all open ports:  firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
Update firewall rules:  firewall-cmd --reload
View area information:  firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
View the area to which the specified interface belongs:  firewall-cmd --get-zone-of-interface=eth0
Deny all packets: firewall-cmd --panic-on
Cancel deny status:  firewall-cmd --panic-off
Check whether to deny: firewall-cmd --query-panic

3. Open the firewall port

For example, ports 80 and 3306 of the firewall need to be opened

Step 1: Set the open port number

firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=3060/tcp --permanent

–permanent takes effect permanently, and will fail after restarting without this parameter

Step 2: Restart the firewall

firewall-cmd --reload

Step 3: Check the open port number

firewall-cmd --list-all

4. docker port

  

1. Query the port of the container

docker ps --format "table { {.ID}}\t{ {.Names}}\t{ {.Ports}}" 

2. Container port mapping, delete container mapping

 

一、安装sshd服务

进入容器

[root@node01 ~]# docker exec -it c00dfd401fa3 bash

安装sshd服务

[root@test /]# yum install -y openssh-server

启动并允许sshd自动启动

[root@test /]# systemctl start sshd

[root@test /]# systemctl enable sshd

二、增加sshd使用的22映射端口

1.关闭容器

[root@node01 ~]# docker stop c00dfd401fa3

2.关闭docker服务

[root@node01 ~]# systemctl stop docker

3.获取container_id

[root@node01 ~]# docker inspect c00dfd401fa3 | grep Id

        "Id": "c00dfd401fa3e907f266695c60d823671caff3ff3ef422152a226064f4342ef8",

4.修改容器配置文件hostconfig.json

vi /var/lib/docker/containers/c00dfd401fa3e907f266695c60d823671caff3ff3ef422152a226064f4342ef8/hostconfig.json

修改配置项"PortBindings":{}为"PortBindings":{ "22/tcp":[{ "HostIp":"","HostPort":"10022"}]}

5.修改容器配置文件hostconfig.json

vi /var/lib/docker/containers/c00dfd401fa3e907f266695c60d823671caff3ff3ef422152a226064f4342ef8/config.v2.json

修改配置项"ExposedPorts":{}为"ExposedPorts":{ "22/tcp":{}}

6.启动docker服务

[root@node01 ~]# systemctl start docker

7.启动容器

[root@node01 ~]# docker start c00dfd401fa3

8.验证连接容器

外部网络通过10022端口连接容器

C:\Users\yang>ssh [email protected] -p 10022

The authenticity of host '[192.168.162.128]:10022 ([192.168.162.128]:10022)' can't be established.

ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:DcwfgepkosH8q1N8Kp8XD0iNFL8h1sVKO0Al2Bs4hiE.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes

Warning: Permanently added '[192.168.162.128]:10022' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.

[email protected]'s password:

Last login: Sun Oct 24 04:34:08 2021 from gateway

[root@test ~]#

容器所在的宿主机连接容器

[root@node01 ~]# ssh [email protected] -p 22

[email protected]'s password:

Last login: Sun Oct 24 04:34:02 2021 from 192.168.162.1