Framework Analysis (7) - Flutter
Column introduction
The link
mainly analyzes and summarizes the common frameworks currently on the market. I hope that interested friends can take a look and it will continue to be updated. I hope you can supervise me and let us learn and progress together.
Flutter
Flutter is an open source mobile application software development framework developed by Google for creating high-performance, high-fidelity Android and iOS applications. It is written in Dart language and has the characteristics of rapid development, cross-platform, high performance and beauty.
main idea
Build user interfaces using custom UI components that can be rendered directly to the screen rather than through the platform's native controls. This enables higher performance and better user experience for Flutter apps. Flutter also provides a rich library of UI components, including common components such as buttons, text boxes, images, and lists. Developers can customize and extend these components according to their own needs.
Features of Flutter
rapid development
Flutter has a hot reload function, which can preview and debug applications in real time, speeding up development.
Cross-platform
Flutter can run on multiple platforms such as Android and iOS, and developers only need to write a set of codes.
high performance
Flutter uses custom UI components to render directly to the screen without rendering through the platform's native controls, thus providing higher performance.
beautiful user interface
Flutter provides a rich library of UI components. Developers can customize and extend these components according to their own needs to create beautiful user interfaces.
Flutter's architecture
frame layer
Including UI component library, animation library and rendering engine, etc., providing basic functions for building user interface. Flutter's UI component library is written in the Dart language, and user interfaces can be built by combining and customizing these components.
engine layer
Responsible for converting Flutter's UI description into actual rendering instructions and sending them to the platform layer for rendering. Flutter's engine layer is written in C++, which can convert UI descriptions into platform-independent rendering instructions.
platform layer
Responsible for converting rendering instructions into platform-specific rendering operations, such as OpenGL ES for Android or Core Animation for iOS. The platform layer uses platform-specific APIs for rendering operations.
development process
Write code in the Dart language
Flutter uses the Dart language as a development language, and developers can use Dart's syntax and features to write code.
compile to native code
Through Flutter's tool chain, the Dart code is compiled into native code, which can run on platforms such as Android and iOS.
hot reload
Flutter has a hot reload feature to preview and debug applications in real time. Developers can see the effect immediately after modifying the code, speeding up development.
Tools and Plugins
Flutter provides a wealth of tools and plug-ins, such as debugging tools, performance analysis tools, and third-party libraries, to facilitate developers to develop and debug.
Advantages and disadvantages
advantage
cross-platform development
Flutter can run on multiple platforms, including Android, iOS, Web, desktop, and more. Developers only need to write a set of codes to build applications on different platforms, greatly reducing the development workload.
high performance
Flutter uses custom UI components to render directly to the screen without rendering through the platform's native controls, thus providing higher performance. Flutter's rendering engine can achieve animation effects at 60 frames per second, making the user experience smoother.
beautiful user interface
Flutter provides a rich library of UI components. Developers can customize and extend these components according to their own needs to create beautiful user interfaces. Flutter's UI component library follows Material Design and Cupertino styles, allowing you to quickly build modern applications.
hot reload
Flutter has a hot reload feature to preview and debug applications in real time. Developers can see the effect immediately after modifying the code, which speeds up the development. This feature is very helpful for iterative development and debugging.
Robust ecosystem of tools and plugins
Flutter provides a wealth of tools and plug-ins, such as debugging tools, performance analysis tools, and third-party libraries, to facilitate developers to develop and debug. Flutter's plug-in ecosystem is also very active, and developers can easily integrate various functions and services.
shortcoming
steep learning curve
Flutter uses the Dart language for development. For developers who have not been exposed to Dart, a certain learning cost is required. At the same time, the Flutter framework itself has some complex concepts and mechanisms, which take some time to understand and master.
platform dependency
Although Flutter can run on multiple platforms, there may be some limitations and dependencies on some specific platforms. For example, some platform-specific functionality may require the use of platform-specific plug-ins.
Larger package size
Since the Flutter application needs to package the binary file containing the rendering engine, the package size of the application is relatively large. This may have some impact on application download and installation speeds.
Summarize
The Flutter framework has advantages such as cross-platform development, high performance, beautiful user interface and hot reloading, but it also has disadvantages such as steep learning curve and platform dependence. When developers choose to use the Flutter framework, they need to comprehensively consider their own needs and project characteristics.