PACS system means image archiving and communication system. It is a system applied in the imaging department of the hospital. Its main task is to convert all kinds of medical images (including MRI, CT, ultrasound, various X-ray machines, various infrared instruments, microscopes and other equipment generated images) Through various interfaces (analog, DICOM, network), it is stored in a large amount in a digital way, and can be called back to use quickly under a certain authorization when needed, and some auxiliary diagnosis and management functions are added at the same time. It plays an important role in transferring data between various imaging devices and organizing and storing data.
1. Overview of PACS system:
PACS three-dimensional medical image processing system, which integrates image storage server, image diagnosis workstation and RIS report system, mainly includes image processing module, image data management module, RIS report module, CD-ROM archiving module, DICOM communication module, film printout, etc. Composed of modules, it has a complete image database management function and a powerful image post-processing function, which improves the accuracy of clinical diagnosis.
2. System features and advantages:
❉ Covering registration, triage, billing, report generation and distribution, etc., organically combined with RIS;
❉ Obtain image data in DICOM and non-DICOM formats;
❉ Collect image original DICOM data by means of communication;
❉ Support static and dynamic image data collection;
❉ Support multiple acquisition methods such as perspective acquisition and exposure acquisition;
❉ Support conversion of image data from non-DICOM image devices into DICOM standard data;
❉ It has the function of retaining modification traces, customizing reports and templates;
❉ Connect Word and other modules for report printing to realize fully customized printing;
❉ Support film printing management; can set film printing typesetting, electronic film management;
❉ Support 3D image processing functions; 3D reconstruction, maximum/minimum density projection, 3D volume reconstruction, 3D surface reconstruction, virtual endoscopy, curved surface reconstruction, cardiac image coronary artery calcification integral.
3. Multiplanar reconstruction (MPR)
Definition: MPR is an interactive navigation in any orientation of the three-dimensional volume. MPR can simultaneously display the axial, sagittal, coronal and arbitrary oblique planes, and can change the reconstruction position and layer thickness arbitrarily to facilitate the observation of different tissues. structure. MPR can better display the complex anatomical relationship in tissues and organs, which is conducive to the accurate location of lesions.
Application: Display the morphological changes of various system organs in the whole body, and various systems of the whole body (lesion location, adjacency relationship, invasion scope, relationship with large blood vessels, etc.).
Advantages: fast reconstruction; less data loss; mixed with other reconstruction methods.
Disadvantages: single plane; low z-axis spatial resolution; volume scan data required; stair-stepping artifacts.
4. Surface reconstruction (CPR)
Definition: It is a special method of MPR, which is suitable for the display of some curved surface structures of the human body, such as: jaws, tortuous blood vessels, bronchi, ureters, pancreaticobiliary ducts, etc.
5. Volume reconstruction (VR)
Cover imaging of all volume data.
VR is one of the most commonly used technologies in the post-processing of multi-slice spiral CT 3D images.
Advantages: display three-dimensional structure; beautiful; widely used.
Application: All kinds of 3D reconstruction.
6. Virtual endoscope (VE)
Definition: Also known as intracavity reconstruction technology, it refers to adjusting the CT threshold and tissue transparency. It is not necessary to observe the tissue transparency to be 100% and eliminate its image; it is necessary to observe the tissue transparency to be 0, retain its image, and then adjust the artificial false color. Obtain images similar to fiberoptic endoscopy, and rely on navigation methods to display intraluminal structures.
Advantages: non-invasive, display hollow viscera, airway, and inner surface structure of blood vessels.
Application: Simulation colonoscopy, gastroscopy, bronchoscopy.
Seven, PACS function introduction:
(1) Application and appointment registration
·Support swiping card to obtain patient information from HIS system, support magnetic card, IC card, barcode input, manual input.
·Support electronic application forms and scanned paper application forms.
· With charge management function.
·Support printing appointment application form and barcode printing.
·Support voice queuing call number.
(2) Image acquisition
·Using multiple ways to acquire images, supporting various standard and non-standard digital or analog video interface image formats.
·Standard DICOM image acquisition function
·Non-standard DICOM image acquisition function
·Video capture function
(3) Image storage
Before image storage, the system uses advanced image compression technology to compress medical images. It supports multiple storage methods such as disk library and optical disk library. The system adopts multiple security systems such as dual-machine backup, remote backup, and firewall to ensure data safety and reliability.
(4) Analysis and diagnosis report
Provide professional and rich diagnostic templates, which can be added, modified, and deleted by doctors, and use permissions can be set, which can be set for exclusive or public use by doctors;
·Support custom report style, support graphics and text mixed arrangement;
The report supports multi-level doctor review and typical case management;
· What you see is what you get in the report, and it supports automatic scaling of report printing.
(5) Image processing
Support high-definition vertical screen display;
Preset window width and level and continuously adjust window level by dragging and dropping the mouse on the image;
Provide positioning map and positioning line browsing mode;
·Display images of patients in different positions and different equipment in separate grids on the same screen for diagnosis and comparison;
·Image roaming, stepless zooming, local zooming in; CT value coordinate display;
Provide image annotation, angle, area and other measurements, and support bone density measurement;
·Provide film printing function, multiple image arrangement and image combination output.
(6) Statistical analysis
The statistical report integrates a number of statistical functions, such as: patient statistics table, doctor workload statistics table, instrument information statistics table.