Python draw love code (Chinese Valentine's Day limited edition)

Written in front:

It's the annual Qixi Festival again! Are you still worrying about what gift to give your girlfriend and don't know how to express your full love? Don't worry, I'm here to help you! Today, I will teach you how to draw a beating heart using Python, adding romance and fun to this special night with creativity and humor. Without further ado, let's look at the example:

Not much to say, the code:

This code uses Python's tkinter library to implement a program for drawing heart-shaped animations. Below are detailed instructions for each step:

1. Import the necessary libraries and modules:
   • random: Used to generate random numbers.
   • sin, cos, pi, log: Mathematical functions used to calculate the coordinates and strength of the heart shape.
   • tkinter: Used to create a GUI interface.

Code example:

import random
from math import sin, cos, pi, log
from tkinter import *

2. Define constants and global variables:
   • CANVAS_WIDTH, CANVAS_HEIGHT: The width and height of the canvas.
   • CANVAS_CENTER_X, CANVAS_CENTER_Y: The coordinates of the center of the canvas.
   • IMAGE_ENLARGE: The magnification of the heart shape.
   • HEART_COLOR: The color of the heart.
   • heart: Heart-shaped object.

Code example:

CANVAS_WIDTH = 640
CANVAS_HEIGHT = 640
CANVAS_CENTER_X = CANVAS_WIDTH / 2
CANVAS_CENTER_Y = CANVAS_HEIGHT / 2
IMAGE_ENLARGE = 11
HEART_COLOR = "#e77c8e"

# 声明一个爱心对象
heart = None

3. Define a function to generate a heart shape:
   • heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=IMAGE_ENLARGE): tGenerate the coordinates of the heart shape according to the parameters.
     • Mathematical formulas are used to calculate the x and y coordinates of the generated heart shape.
     • Scale and translate the coordinates so that the heart is in the center of the canvas.
     • Returns the integerized coordinate value.

Code example:

def heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=IMAGE_ENLARGE):
    x = 16 * (sin(t) ** 3)
    y = -(13 * cos(t) - 5 * cos(2 * t) - 2 * cos(3 * t) - cos(4 * t))
    x *= shrink_ratio
    y *= shrink_ratio
    x += CANVAS_CENTER_X
    y += CANVAS_CENTER_Y
    return int(x), int(y)

4. Define the internal spread and dither functions:
   • scatter_inside(x, y, beta=0.15): (x, y)Internal diffusion of coordinates.
     • Calculates the proportion of diffusion based on the specified beta value.
     • Calculates the diffused coordinates according to the scale and returns the new coordinate values.
   • shrink(x, y, ratio): (x, y)Reduce the coordinates.
     • Calculates the reduction ratio based on the specified ratio value.
     • Calculate the reduced coordinates according to the scale, and return the new coordinate values.

Code example:

def scatter_inside(x, y, beta=0.15):
    ratio_x = -beta * log(random.random())
    ratio_y = -beta * log(random.random())
    dx = ratio_x * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)
    dy = ratio_y * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)
    return x - dx, y - dy

def shrink(x, y, ratio):
    force = -1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.6)
    dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)
    dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)
    return x - dx, y - dy

5. Define the heart shape class:
   • Heart: The constructor of the heart-shaped class, which is used to generate the heart-shaped point set.
     • Initialize each member variable.
     • Call buildthe method to generate a heart-shaped point set.
     • Initialize random halo and frame rate.
   • build(self, number): Generate heart-shaped point sets.
     • Generates a set of cardioids from the specified number.
     • The resulting point set is internally diffused and dithered.
   • calc_position(x, y, ratio): Compute the new position of the cardioid point.
     • Computes the new position of the point based on the specified velocity and offset.
     • Returns the new coordinate value.
   • calc(self, generate_frame): Compute the set of heart-shaped points for each frame.
     • Calculate the relevant parameters of the heart-shaped point set according to the current frame number.
     • Generate heart halo point sets and other point sets.
     • Save all point sets to a list.
   • render(self, render_canvas, render_frame): Renders a set of heart-shaped points onto the canvas.
     • Iterate over the set of heart-shaped points for the specified number of frames.
     • Draw a rectangle representing the location and size of the heart point.

Code example:

class Heart:
    def __init__(self, generate_frame=20):
        self._points = set()
        self._edge_diffusion_points = set()
        self._center_diffusion_points = set()
        self.all_points = {
    
    }
        self.build(2000)
        self.random_halo = 1000
        self.generate_frame = generate_frame
        for frame in range(generate_frame):
            self.calc(frame)

    def build(self, number):
        for _ in range(number):
            t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi)
            x, y = heart_function(t)
            self._points.add((x, y))
        for _x, _y in list(self._points):
            for _ in range(3):
                x, y = scatter_inside(_x, _y, 0.05)
                self._edge_diffusion_points.add((x, y))
        point_list = list(self._points)
        for _ in range(4000):
            x, y = random.choice(point_list)
            x, y = scatter_inside(x, y, 0.17)
            self._center_diffusion_points.add((x, y))

    @staticmethod
    def calc_position(x, y, ratio):
        force = 1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.520)
        dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) + random.randint(-1, 1)
        dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) + random.randint(-1, 1)
        return x - dx, y - dy

    def calc(self, generate_frame):
        ratio = 10 * curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi)
        halo_radius = int(4 + 6 * (1 + curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi)))
        halo_number = int(3000 + 4000 * abs(curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi) ** 2))
        all_points = []
        heart_halo_point = set()
        for _ in range(halo_number):
            t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi)
            x, y = heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=11.6)
            x, y = shrink(x, y, halo_radius)
            if (x, y) not in heart_halo_point:
                heart_halo_point.add((x, y))
                x += random.randint(-14, 14)
                y += random.randint(-14, 14)
                size = random.choice((1, 2, 2))
                all_points.append((x, y, size))
        for x, y in self._points:
            x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
            size = random.randint(1, 3)
            all_points.append((x, y, size))
        for x, y in self._edge_diffusion_points:
            x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
            size = random.randint(1, 2)
            all_points.append((x, y, size))
        for x, y in self._center_diffusion_points:
            x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
            size = random.randint(1, 2)
            all_points.append((x, y, size))
        self.all_points[generate_frame] = all_points

    def render(self, render_canvas, render_frame):
        for x, y, size in self.all_points[render_frame % self.generate_frame]:
            render_canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + size, y + size, width=0, fill=HEART_COLOR)

6. Define the drawing function:
   • draw(main, render_canvas, render_heart, render_frame=0): Draw heart animation.
     • Clear the canvas content.
     • Call the rendering method of the heart object to draw the heart animation.
     • Draw text on the canvas.
     • Use afterthe method to update the screen regularly.

Code example:

def draw(main: Tk, render_canvas: Canvas, render_heart: Heart, render_frame=0):
    render_canvas.delete('all')
    render_heart.render(render_canvas, render_frame)
    render_canvas.create_text(320, 320, text="宝贝爱你哟", fill='#e77c8e', font=('微软雅黑', 15, 'bold'))
    main.after(160, draw, main, render_canvas, render_heart, render_frame + 1)

7. Main program entry:
   • Determine whether to execute the main program.
   • Create main window and canvas objects.
   • Create a heart-shaped object.
   • Call the drawing function to start drawing the heart-shaped animation.
   • Enter the main loop and wait for event processing.

Code example:

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.title('宝贝爱你哟')
    canvas = Canvas(root, bg='black', height=CANVAS_HEIGHT, width=CANVAS_WIDTH)
    canvas.pack()
    heart = Heart()
    draw(root, canvas, heart)
    root.mainloop()

The complete code is as follows:

import random
from math import sin, cos, pi, log
from tkinter import *

CANVAS_WIDTH = 640  # 画布的宽
CANVAS_HEIGHT = 640  # 画布的高
CANVAS_CENTER_X = CANVAS_WIDTH / 2  # 画布中心的X轴坐标
CANVAS_CENTER_Y = CANVAS_HEIGHT / 2  # 画布中心的Y轴坐标
IMAGE_ENLARGE = 11  # 放大比例
HEART_COLOR = "#e77c8e"  # 心的颜色#ff7171


def heart_function(t, shrink_ratio: float = IMAGE_ENLARGE):
    """
    “爱心函数生成器”
    :param shrink_ratio: 放大比例
    :param t: 参数
    :return: 坐标
    """
    # 基础函数
    x = 16 * (sin(t) ** 3)
    y = -(13 * cos(t) - 5 * cos(2 * t) - 2 * cos(3 * t) - cos(4 * t))

    # 放大
    x *= shrink_ratio
    y *= shrink_ratio

    # 移到画布中央
    x += CANVAS_CENTER_X
    y += CANVAS_CENTER_Y

    return int(x), int(y)


def scatter_inside(x, y, beta=0.15):
    """
    随机内部扩散
    :param x: 原x
    :param y: 原y
    :param beta: 强度
    :return: 新坐标
    """
    ratio_x = - beta * log(random.random())
    ratio_y = - beta * log(random.random())

    dx = ratio_x * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)
    dy = ratio_y * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)

    return x - dx, y - dy


def shrink(x, y, ratio):
    """
    抖动
    :param x: 原x
    :param y: 原y
    :param ratio: 比例
    :return: 新坐标
    """
    force = -1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.6)  # 这个参数...
    dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)
    dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)
    return x - dx, y - dy


def curve(p):
    """
    自定义曲线函数，调整跳动周期
    :param p: 参数
    :return: 正弦
    """
    # 可以尝试换其他的动态函数，达到更有力量的效果（贝塞尔？）
    return 2 * (3 * sin(4 * p)) / (2 * pi)


class Heart:
    """
    爱心类
    """

    def __init__(self, generate_frame=20):
        self._points = set()  # 原始爱心坐标集合
        self._edge_diffusion_points = set()  # 边缘扩散效果点坐标集合
        self._center_diffusion_points = set()  # 中心扩散效果点坐标集合
        self.all_points = {
    
    }  # 每帧动态点坐标
        self.build(2000)

        self.random_halo = 1000

        self.generate_frame = generate_frame
        for frame in range(generate_frame):
            self.calc(frame)

    def build(self, number):
        # 爱心
        for _ in range(number):
            t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi)  # 随机不到的地方造成爱心有缺口
            x, y = heart_function(t)
            self._points.add((x, y))

        # 爱心内扩散
        for _x, _y in list(self._points):
            for _ in range(3):
                x, y = scatter_inside(_x, _y, 0.05)
                self._edge_diffusion_points.add((x, y))

        # 爱心内再次扩散
        point_list = list(self._points)
        for _ in range(4000):
            x, y = random.choice(point_list)
            x, y = scatter_inside(x, y, 0.17)
            self._center_diffusion_points.add((x, y))

    @staticmethod
    def calc_position(x, y, ratio):
        # 调整缩放比例
        force = 1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.520)  # 魔法参数

        dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) + random.randint(-1, 1)
        dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) + random.randint(-1, 1)

        return x - dx, y - dy

    def calc(self, generate_frame):
        ratio = 10 * curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi)  # 圆滑的周期的缩放比例

        halo_radius = int(4 + 6 * (1 + curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi)))
        halo_number = int(3000 + 4000 * abs(curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi) ** 2))

        all_points = []

        # 光环
        heart_halo_point = set()  # 光环的点坐标集合
        for _ in range(halo_number):
            t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi)  # 随机不到的地方造成爱心有缺口
            x, y = heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=11.6)  # 魔法参数
            x, y = shrink(x, y, halo_radius)
            if (x, y) not in heart_halo_point:
                # 处理新的点
                heart_halo_point.add((x, y))
                x += random.randint(-14, 14)
                y += random.randint(-14, 14)
                size = random.choice((1, 2, 2))
                all_points.append((x, y, size))

        # 轮廓
        for x, y in self._points:
            x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
            size = random.randint(1, 3)
            all_points.append((x, y, size))

        # 内容
        for x, y in self._edge_diffusion_points:
            x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
            size = random.randint(1, 2)
            all_points.append((x, y, size))

        for x, y in self._center_diffusion_points:
            x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
            size = random.randint(1, 2)
            all_points.append((x, y, size))

        self.all_points[generate_frame] = all_points

    def render(self, render_canvas, render_frame):
        for x, y, size in self.all_points[render_frame % self.generate_frame]:
            render_canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + size, y + size, width=0, fill=HEART_COLOR)


def draw(main: Tk, render_canvas: Canvas, render_heart: Heart, render_frame=0):
    render_canvas.delete('all')
    render_heart.render(render_canvas, render_frame)
    render_canvas.create_text(320, 320, text="宝贝爱你哟", fill='#e77c8e', font=('微软雅黑', 15, 'bold'))  # 此处可自定义
    main.after(160, draw, main, render_canvas, render_heart, render_frame + 1)



if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()  # 一个Tk
    root.title('宝贝爱你哟')  # 此处可自定义
    canvas = Canvas(root, bg='black', height=CANVAS_HEIGHT, width=CANVAS_WIDTH)
    canvas.pack()
    heart = Heart()  # 心
    draw(root, canvas, heart)  # 开始画
    root.mainloop()

Write at the end:

I wish you all a happy Qixi Festival, and a long time with your loved ones, and a happy marriage for a hundred years!