Springboot整合Zxing生成二维码
本篇是利用SpringBoot后端整合Zxing生成二维码。
原文参考链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/a046ff84226e
1.在pom文件中引入项目所需依赖
<!--谷歌二维码-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>core</artifactId>
<version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>javase</artifactId>
<version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.编写QRcodeUtil工具类
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Shape;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;
/**
* 二维码生成解析工具类
* @author 程就人生
* @date 2019年7月27日
* @Description
*
*/
public class QRCodeUtil {
//编码格式,采用utf-8
private static final String UNICODE = "utf-8";
//图片格式
private static final String FORMAT = "JPG";
//二维码宽度,单位：像素pixels
private static final int QRCODE_WIDTH = 300;
//二维码高度,单位：像素pixels
private static final int QRCODE_HEIGHT = 300;
//LOGO宽度,单位：像素pixels
private static final int LOGO_WIDTH = 100;
//LOGO高度,单位：像素pixels
private static final int LOGO_HEIGHT = 100;
/**
* 生成二维码图片
* @param content 二维码内容
* @param logoPath 图片地址
* @param needCompress 是否压缩
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
private static BufferedImage createImage(String content, String logoPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, Object>();
hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, UNICODE);
hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);
BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_WIDTH, QRCODE_HEIGHT,
hints);
int width = bitMatrix.getWidth();
int height = bitMatrix.getHeight();
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000 : 0xFFFFFFFF);
}
}
if (logoPath == null || "".equals(logoPath)) {
return image;
}
// 插入图片
QRCodeUtil.insertImage(image, logoPath, needCompress);
return image;
}
/**
* 插入LOGO
* @param source 二维码图片
* @param logoPath LOGO图片地址
* @param needCompress 是否压缩
* @throws Exception
*/
private static void insertImage(BufferedImage source, String logoPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
File file = new File(logoPath);
if (!file.exists()) {
throw new Exception("logo file not found.");
}
Image src = ImageIO.read(new File(logoPath));
int width = src.getWidth(null);
int height = src.getHeight(null);
if (needCompress) {
// 压缩LOGO
if (width > LOGO_WIDTH) {
width = LOGO_WIDTH;
}
if (height > LOGO_HEIGHT) {
height = LOGO_HEIGHT;
}
Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);
BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();
g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图
g.dispose();
src = image;
}
// 插入LOGO
Graphics2D graph = source.createGraphics();
int x = (QRCODE_WIDTH - width) / 2;
int y = (QRCODE_HEIGHT - height) / 2;
graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null);
Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6);
graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f));
graph.draw(shape);
graph.dispose();
}
/**
* 生成二维码(内嵌LOGO)
* 调用者指定二维码文件名
* @param content 二维码的内容
* @param logoPath 中间图片地址
* @param destPath 存储路径
* @param fileName 文件名称
* @param needCompress 是否压缩
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String encode(String content, String logoPath, String destPath, String fileName, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {
BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, logoPath, needCompress);
mkdirs(destPath);
//文件名称通过传递
fileName = fileName.substring(0, fileName.indexOf(".")>0?fileName.indexOf("."):fileName.length())
+ "." + FORMAT.toLowerCase();
ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT, new File(destPath + "/" + fileName));
return fileName;
}
/**
* 创建文件夹， mkdirs会自动创建多层目录，区别于mkdir．(mkdir如果父目录不存在则会抛出异常)
* @param destPath
*/
public static void mkdirs(String destPath) {
File file = new File(destPath);
if (!file.exists() && !file.isDirectory()) {
file.mkdirs();
}
}
/**
* 解析二维码
* @param path 二维码图片路径
* @return String 二维码内容
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String decode(String path) throws Exception {
File file = new File(path);
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(file);
if (image == null) {
return null;
}
BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
Result result;
Hashtable<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new Hashtable<DecodeHintType, Object>();
hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, UNICODE);
result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
return result.getText();
}
}
我的是一个SpringBoot + Vue 的前后端分离的项目，所以，我要将二维码传给前端。由于本人主要做的是前端，是个后端小白，技术太菜，我想的是直接将二维码生成路径写为前端的图片存放路径，再直接从前端读取（求大佬指点更好的方法，小弟不胜感激！！！）。
@RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public RestResponse add(@RequestBody @Valid Order model) throws Exception {
Order order = modelMapper.map(model,Order.class);
//封装进二维码的数据
String codeInformation = "景点名称 " + order.getTic().getSce().getScenicName() ;
//二维码图片名称
String title = "订单" + String.valueOf(order.getTic().getTicketId());
//存入图片的数据，二维码中间的logo地址，二维码地址，二维码标题，是否压缩
QRCodeUtil.encode(codeInformation,null,"D:\\vue\\src\\assets\\image",title,true);
order.setOrderEncode(codeInformation);
orderService.insertByFilter(order);
return RestResponse.ok();
}
如此，我在前端每次创建新订单时会直接生成这张订单的二维码存入前端，然后在前端通过img标签引用即可。
<div>
<img src="../../assets/image/订单8.jpg" />
</div>
网上其实还有另一种后端SpringBoot 整合Zxing 创建二维码的方法，但是，如果jdk版本比较高的话，不建议使用这种方法，因为其中有一个方法据说在jdk1.8之后就已经不支持了，然鹅，我的版本是12，所以，没采用，但还是记录一下。
参考链接https://blog.csdn.net/kioo_i_see/article/details/82775097
1.创建一个Spring Boot项目
可以选择默认
然后点击finish，等待依赖下载完成，就创建好了一个最基本的Spring Boot项目。
2.添加Zxing依赖
pom.xml文件中添加：
<!--谷歌二维码-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>core</artifactId>
<version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>javase</artifactId>
<version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.创建QRcode的服务层，提供方法以便使用
import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.QRCodeWriter;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.utils.Base64;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
/**
* @description:
* @author: Administrator
* @date: 2021-04-01
*/
@Service
public class QRCodeService {
public String crateQRCode(String content, int width, int height) throws IOException {
String resultImage = "";
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(content)) {
ServletOutputStream stream = null;
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
HashMap<EncodeHintType, Comparable> hints = new HashMap<>();
hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); // 指定字符编码为“utf-8”
hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.M); // 指定二维码的纠错等级为中级
hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 2); // 设置图片的边距
try {
QRCodeWriter writer = new QRCodeWriter();
BitMatrix bitMatrix = writer.encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints);
BufferedImage bufferedImage = MatrixToImageWriter.toBufferedImage(bitMatrix);
ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, "png", os);
/**
* 原生转码前面没有 data:image/png;base64 这些字段，返回给前端是无法被解析，可以让前端加，也可以在下面加上
*/
resultImage = new String("data:image/png;base64," + Base64.encode(os.toByteArray()));
return resultImage;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (stream != null) {
stream.flush();
stream.close();
}
}
}
return null;
}
}
Controller层使用
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @description: 二维码功能相关
* @author: Administrator
* @date: 2021-04-01
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/qrcode")
public class QRCodeController {
@Autowired
QRCodeService qrCodeService;
@RequestMapping(value="/getQRCode")
public String getQRCode() throws IOException {
return qrCodeService.crateQRCode("this is qrcode",200,200);
}
}
In this way, it is reasonable to generate a Base64 value and pass it to the front end, and then use some online conversion tools or use the img tag on the front end to display the QR code. However, in actual development, an error will be reported:
包com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.dv.util不存在
the reason is that this version has been abandoned in jdk1.8. There is a solution on the Internet: the Service in the
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.utils.Base64;
changed to
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
Then:
Base64.encode() is changed to Base64.encodeBase64String();
Base64.decode() is changed to Base64.decodeBase64().
Reference link: https://blog.csdn.net/u013252072/article/details/96480808