1. What is the employment prospect of the cyber security industry?
Employment prospects in the cyber security industry are very strong and attractive. With the rapid development of technologies such as digitalization, cloud computing, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, the demand for network security continues to grow. Here are some key factors for the job outlook in the cybersecurity industry:
High demand: With the popularization of the Internet and the acceleration of global digital transformation, cyber security threats continue to increase, and the demand for cyber security professionals has also increased significantly. Businesses and government agencies need cybersecurity professionals to protect their networks and data resources.
Skills shortage: Professional skills in cybersecurity are in high demand but in short supply. The lack of experienced personnel who are proficient in cybersecurity technologies and tools makes the market value of cybersecurity professionals high.
Continuous Development: The field of cybersecurity is a constantly evolving and evolving industry, with new technologies, threats and security challenges constantly emerging. This provides practitioners with opportunities for continuous learning and professional development.
Government and industry compliance requirements: As data protection and privacy regulations continue to strengthen, government and various industries have increasingly stringent compliance requirements for cyber security, which further drives the demand for cyber security professionals.
High Salary and Stable Employment: Cybersecurity professionals are paid relatively well and have stable employment prospects. Demand for cybersecurity professionals remains steady as cybersecurity is at the heart of businesses' interests and reputation.
It should be noted that the competition in the network security industry is also very fierce. To obtain ideal employment opportunities, in addition to having relevant technologies and knowledge, you also need to continue to learn and continuously improve your skills. By obtaining relevant certifications, participating in network security competitions, participating in practical projects, etc., you can improve your competitiveness in the network security industry.
2. What are the basic requirements for network security work?
The basic requirements of network security work include the following aspects:
1. Technical knowledge and skills: Network security work requires solid technical knowledge and skills in computer science, network technology, and information security. Understand the working principles and security features of network protocols, operating systems, databases, network devices, etc., and be able to apply relevant tools and techniques for security analysis, vulnerability assessment, threat detection, etc.
2. Security awareness and thinking: Network security work requires a keen security awareness, the ability to identify and evaluate security risks in a timely manner, and propose corresponding solutions. Possess good security thinking, be able to think from the perspective of attackers, predict potential security threats, and take corresponding defensive measures.
3. Analytical and problem-solving skills: Network security work requires good analytical and problem-solving skills. Be able to quickly analyze and solve network security incidents and vulnerabilities, and have the ability to think independently and solve problems.
4. Communication and teamwork skills: Cybersecurity work often requires communication and collaboration with other team members, management, and external partners. Possess good communication skills and teamwork skills, able to work effectively with others to solve cyber security issues.
5. Continuous learning and self-improvement: The rapid development of the network security field requires practitioners to have the awareness of continuous learning and self-improvement. You need to keep up with the latest security technologies and trends, and improve your professional capabilities by participating in training, certification exams, and participating in the security community.
It should be noted that the specific network security job requirements may vary depending on the position, industry and organization, and relevant requirements can be understood and adapted according to the specific situation. In addition, obtaining relevant network security certifications, such as CISSP, CEH, CISM, etc., can also improve their competitiveness in the field of network security.
3. How to improve your skills and knowledge in the field of network security?
Here are some ways to improve your skills and knowledge in the cybersecurity field:
1. Study relevant courses and training: Participate in courses, training and seminars related to network security, such as network security certification courses, network security training courses, etc. This helps to systematically learn the basics and technologies of cybersecurity, and to understand the latest security trends and solutions.
2. Self-study and online learning resources: Use self-study resources on the Internet, such as online tutorials, learning websites, open online courses (MOOCs), etc. These resources provide learning materials on a wide range of cybersecurity topics and technologies, and you can choose the appropriate learning content according to your interests and needs.
3. Participate in network security competitions and practical projects: participate in network security competitions and practical projects, such as CTF competitions, vulnerability mining activities, security tool development, etc. These activities can exercise the ability of practical operation and problem solving, and improve the ability of practical application of network security.
4. Join security communities and participate in discussions: Join cybersecurity communities, such as online forums, social media groups, security blogs, etc., to communicate and share experiences with other security professionals. Participating in discussions and answering questions can broaden your horizons and understand industry dynamics and best practices.
5. Practice and experiment: Build your own experimental environment and conduct actual security tests and drills. Through practice, you can deepen your understanding and application of network security technology, and discover and solve practical problems.
6. Obtain relevant certifications : Obtaining network security-related certifications, such as CISSP, CEH, CISM, etc., can enhance one's professional recognition and competitiveness in the field of network security. These certifications typically require specific knowledge and skills, as well as passing an appropriate exam.
7. Continuous learning and follow-up of industry trends: The field of network security is developing rapidly, requiring continuous learning and follow-up of the latest technologies and trends. Subscribe to security blogs, attend cybersecurity conferences and seminars, and follow industry trends and research reports to stay sensitive and professional in the field of cybersecurity.
To sum up, improving one's skills and knowledge in the field of cyber security requires continuous learning, practice and accumulation of experience. Through diversified learning paths and continuous self-improvement, you can continuously improve your professional quality and competitiveness in the field of network security.
4. What are the common network security positions and job requirements?
There are many different job titles and job requirements in the cybersecurity field, here are some common cybersecurity jobs and their requirements:
1. Network security engineer: Responsible for designing, deploying and maintaining network security protection systems and strategies. It is required to have solid network and security knowledge, be familiar with network equipment and firewall configuration, be able to conduct vulnerability assessment and security testing, etc.
2. Security analyst: Responsible for monitoring and analyzing network security incidents, malicious activities and threat intelligence, and conducting security incident response and investigation. Knowledge of network security, familiarity with security analysis tools and techniques, and ability to quickly analyze and resolve security incidents are required.
3. Threat intelligence analyst: responsible for collecting, analyzing and interpreting threat intelligence, and providing timely threat intelligence and security recommendations for the organization. Knowledge of threat intelligence analysis and assessment, common attack techniques and attacker behavior is required.
4. Security consultants/consultants: Provide network security consulting and advice to help organizations evaluate and improve their security measures and strategies. Requires comprehensive knowledge of network security, familiarity with compliance requirements and best practices, and the ability to conduct risk assessment and security planning.
5. Penetration test engineer: Responsible for simulating attacks, assessing the organization's security vulnerabilities and weaknesses, and providing repair suggestions. Knowledge of penetration testing techniques and tools, familiarity with common vulnerabilities and attack techniques is required.
6. Security Architect: Responsible for designing and planning the organization's security architecture and solutions to ensure that security requirements are met. Knowledge of network and system architecture, familiarity with security standards and frameworks, ability to conduct risk assessment and security design are required.
7. Security operation and maintenance engineer: responsible for managing and maintaining the organization's security equipment and systems, monitoring and responding to security incidents. Knowledge of network and system administration, configuration and management of security devices and tools are required.
The above job titles represent only a subset of the cybersecurity field, and specific job titles and requirements may vary by organization and industry. Additionally, as the field of cybersecurity continues to grow and evolve, new job titles and requirements will continue to emerge.
5. What certificates or qualifications are required to find a job in the field of network security?
When looking for a job in the cyber security field, having relevant certificates and qualifications can increase your competitiveness. The following are some common cyber security certificates and qualifications:
1. CISSP (Certified Information Systems Security Professional): CISSP is a professional certification in the field of information security management widely recognized internationally. It covers security management, network security, application security, data security and many other fields.
2. CEH (Certified Ethical Hacker): CEH is a certification that covers cyber attack and vulnerability assessment. CEH holders possess legal and ethical knowledge of hacking techniques and are able to assess the security of systems and networks.
3. CISM (Certified Information Security Manager): CISM is a global certification that focuses on information security management. Individuals who hold a CISM credential are equipped with information security management and leadership skills and are able to develop and manage an organization's information security policy.
4. CompTIA Security+: CompTIA Security+ is a widely recognized entry-level cybersecurity certification. It covers network security fundamentals, network attacks and defenses, encryption and authentication, and more.
5. OSCP (Offensive Security Certified Professional): OSCP is a certification for penetration testing. Personnel holding an OSCP certificate have the practical ability of penetration testing techniques and methods.
In addition to the above certificates, there are many other network security certificates and qualifications, such as GIAC series certification, CCNA Security, ISO 27001 Lead Auditor , etc. Which certifications to choose depends on your career goals, interests and practical needs.
In addition, participating in network security competitions, obtaining degrees, and participating in practical projects can also increase your qualifications and experience in the field of network security. It is important to choose the certificates and qualifications that are right for you based on your interests and goals, and to keep learning and updating to keep up with developments in the cybersecurity field.
6. How to demonstrate your experience and ability in network security in job hunting?
Demonstrating your experience and competence in cybersecurity in your job search is key, here are some suggestions:
Prepare a clean and concise resume: Highlight work experience, project history, and skills related to cybersecurity in your resume. Including the security projects involved, the security measures implemented, the security tools and technologies used, etc.
Provide project and output descriptions: In your resume or interview, provide specific project descriptions and output descriptions. Describe your role and responsibilities on a particular project, as well as the security issues addressed and results achieved.
Emphasize proficiency in security technologies and tools: list the security technologies, tools, and frameworks you are familiar with, and explain your experience and ability in using these tools and technologies. For example, familiarity with penetration testing tools, network analysis tools, vulnerability assessment tools, etc.
State security problem-solving skills: Emphasize your security problem-solving skills during interviews or self-introductions. Give examples of your experience and skills in handling security incidents, bug fixes, or responding to cyber attacks.
Provide security certifications and training records: Having relevant security certifications and a record of attending cyber security training courses are strong evidence. Mention these certifications and training on your resume, or explain their content and accomplishments in detail during your interview.
Demonstrate self-learning and professional development: Demonstrate continuous learning and professional development through independent study, participation in security communities, writing blogs, or publishing research papers. This demonstrates a passion for cybersecurity and a focus on the industry
Prepare case studies and answers to technical questions: During the interview, prepare some cybersecurity case studies and answers to technical questions. Demonstrate your thinking and problem-solving skills by explaining your actions and decisions in real-world situations.
Through the above methods, you can fully demonstrate your experience and ability in network security in job hunting, attract the attention of employers and improve your competitiveness.
7. Network security learning route
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Misunderstandings and pitfalls of self-study network security learning
1. Don’t try to learn programming first and then start learning
In my previous answers, I have repeatedly emphasized not to start learning network security based on programming. Generally speaking, learning programming is not only a long learning cycle, but also there are not many key knowledge available after the actual transition to security
If ordinary people want to learn programming well and start learning network security, it often takes a long time, and it is easy to give up halfway. And learning programming is just a tool, not an end. Our goal is not to become a programmer. It is suggested that in the process of learning network security, what will not be filled, which is more purposeful and less time-consuming
2. Don’t take deep learning as the first lesson
Many people are aiming to learn network security well and solidly, so it is easy to use too much force and fall into a misunderstanding: it is to learn all the content in depth, but taking deep learning as the first lesson of network security is not good idea. The reasons are as follows:
[1] The black-box nature of deep learning is more obvious, and it is easy to learn and swallow
【2】Deep learning has high requirements on itself, it is not suitable for self-study, and it is easy to enter a dead end
3. Don’t Collect Too Much Data
There are a lot of learning materials about network security on the Internet, and there are several gigabytes of materials that can be downloaded or watched at every turn. And many friends have "collection addiction", buying more than a dozen books at once, or collecting dozens of videos
Many online learning materials are extremely repetitive and most of the content has not been updated a few years ago. During the introductory period, it is recommended to choose "small but refined" materials. Below I will recommend some learning resources that I think are good for Xiaobai. Read on patiently.
Some preliminary preparations for learning network security
1. Hardware selection
I am often asked "Do I need a computer with a high configuration to learn network security?" The answer is no, the computer used by hackers does not need any high configuration, as long as it is stable. Because some programs used by hackers, low-end CPUs are also It can run very well, and it doesn’t take up much memory. There is another one, the hacker is done under the DOS command, so the computer can be used in the best condition! So, don’t re-purchase the machine in the name of learning...
2. Software selection
Many people will be entangled in learning hackers whether to use Linux, Windows or Mac system. Although Linux looks cool, it is not friendly to newbies. The Windows system can also use the virtual machine to install the target machine for learning
As for the programming language, Python is the most recommended because of its good expansion support. Of course, many websites on the market are developed by PHP, so it is also possible to choose PHP. Other languages include C++, Java...
Many friends will ask if they want to learn all languages? the answer is negative! To quote my sentence above: Learning programming is just a tool, not an end, our goal is not to become a programmer
(An extra thing to mention here is that although learning programming cannot get you started, it can determine how far you can go on the road of network security, so I recommend you to learn some basic programming knowledge by yourself)
3. Language ability
We know that computers were first invented in the West, and many nouns or codes are in English. Even some existing tutorials were originally translated from English, and it usually takes a week for a bug to be translated into Chinese. Vulnerabilities may have been patched at this time difference. And if you don’t understand some professional terms, you will have obstacles when communicating technology or experience with other hackers, so you need a certain amount of English and hacker professional terms (you don’t need to be particularly proficient, but you must be able to understand the basics)
For example: broiler, hanging horse, shell, WebShell, etc.
The first stage: getting started with basic operations and learning basic knowledge
The first step to getting started is to learn some current mainstream security tool courses and supporting books on basic principles. Generally speaking, this process takes about 1 month.
At this stage, you already have a basic understanding of cybersecurity. If you have finished the first step, I believe you have theoretically understood the above is sql injection, what is xss attack, and you have also mastered the basic operations of security tools such as burp, msf, and cs. The most important thing at this time is to start laying the foundation!
The so-called "foundation" is actually a systematic study of basic computer knowledge. If you want to learn network security well, you must first have 5 basic knowledge modules:
1. Operating system
2. Protocol/Network
3. Database
4. Development language
5. Principles of Common Vulnerabilities
What is the use of learning these basics?
The level of knowledge in various fields of computer determines the upper limit of your penetration level.
[1] For example: if you have a high level of programming, you will be better than others in code auditing, and the exploit tools you write will be easier to use than others;
[2] For example: if you have a high level of database knowledge, then when you are conducting SQL injection attacks, you can write more and better SQL injection statements, which can bypass WAF that others cannot bypass;
【3】For example: if your network level is high, then you can understand the network structure of the target more easily than others when you infiltrate the internal network. You can get a network topology to know where you are, and get the configuration of a router. file, you will know what routes they have made;
【4】For another example, if your operating system is good, your privilege will be enhanced, your information collection efficiency will be higher, and you can efficiently filter out the information you want.
The second stage: practical operation
1. Mining SRC
The purpose of digging SRC is mainly to put the skills into practice. The biggest illusion of learning network security is to feel that you know everything, but when it comes to digging holes, you can’t do anything. SRC is a very good opportunity to apply skills.
2. Learn from technical sharing posts (vulnerability mining type)
Watch and study all the 0day mining posts in the past ten years, and then build an environment to reproduce the loopholes, think and learn the author's digging thinking, and cultivate your own penetrating thinking
3. Range practice
Build a shooting range by yourself or go to a free shooting range website to practice. If you have the conditions, you can buy it or apply to a reliable training institution. Generally, there are supporting shooting range exercises.
Phase 3: Participate in CTF competitions or HVV operations
Recommended: CTF Competition
CTF has three points:
【1】A chance close to actual combat. Now the network security law is very strict, unlike before, everyone can mess around
[2] Topics keep up with the frontiers of technology, but many books lag behind
【3】If you are a college student, it will be very helpful for finding a job in the future
If you want to play a CTF competition, go directly to the competition questions, if you don’t understand the competition questions, go to the information according to what you don’t understand
Recommended: HVV (network protection)
HVV has four points:
[1] It can also greatly exercise you and improve your own skills. It is best to participate in the HVV action held every year
【2】Be able to meet many bigwigs in the circle and expand your network
【3】The salary of HVV is also very high, so you can earn a lot of money if you participate
[4] Like the CTF competition, if you are a college student, it will also be very helpful for finding a job in the future
8. Recommended network security resources
Book list recommendation:
Computer operating system:
[1] Coding: the language hidden behind computer software and hardware
【2】In-depth understanding of the operating system
【3】In-depth understanding of windows operating system
【4】Linux kernel and implementation
Programming development class:
【1】windows programming
【2】windwos core becomes
【3】Linux programming
【4】Unix environment advanced into
【5】IOS becomes
[6] The first line of code Android
【7】C programming language design
【8】C primer plus
[9] C and pointers
[10] C expert programming
[11] C traps and defects
[12] Assembly language (Wang Shuang)
【13】java core technology
【14】java programming ideas
【15】Python core programming
[16] Linux shell script strategy
[17] Introduction to Algorithms
[18] Compilation principle
[19] Compilation and decompilation technology practice
[20] The way to clean code
[21] Code Encyclopedia
[22] TCP/IP Detailed Explanation
【23】Rootkit: Lurkers in the gray area of the system
【24】Hacking Attack and Defense Technology Collection
【25】Encryption and decryption
【26】C++ Disassembly and Reverse Analysis Technique Revealed
[27] web security testing
【28】White hat talks about web security
【29】Proficient in script hacking
【30】Web front-end hacking technology secret
[31] Programmer's application
【32】English Writing Handbook: Elements of Style
Common Internet Security and Forums
- Kanxue Forum
- safety class
- safety cow
- Safety internal reference
- Green League
- prophetic community
- XCTF Alliance
epilogue
The network security industry is like a river and lake, where people of all colors gather. Compared with many decent families with solid foundations in European and American countries (understand encryption, know how to protect, can dig holes, and are good at engineering), our talents are more heretics (many white hats may not be convinced), so in the future Talent training and In terms of construction, it is necessary to adjust the structure and encourage more people to do "positive" "system and construction" that combines "business" and "data" and "automation" in order to quench the thirst for talents and truly serve the society in an all-round way. Internet provides security.
Special statement:
This tutorial is purely technical sharing! The purpose of this tutorial is in no way to provide and technical support for those with bad motives! Nor does it assume joint and several liability arising from the misuse of technology! The purpose of this tutorial is to maximize everyone's attention to network security and take corresponding security measures to reduce economic losses caused by network security.