Introduction:
C language is an efficient and widely used programming language, which provides a wealth of operators and expressions. This blog will introduce in detail the calculation principles and steps of various operations in C language, and help readers better understand and master the operations of C language through code examples.
1. Arithmetic operations
The C language provides arithmetic operators such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulo. These operators work as follows:
- Addition (+): Adds two operands to get their sum.
- Subtraction (-): Subtracts the second operand from the first operand to obtain their difference.
- Multiplication (*): Multiply two operands to get their product.
- Division (/): Divide the first operand by the second operand to get their quotient.
- Modulo (%): Divide the first operand by the second operand to get their remainder.
Here are the steps and code samples for arithmetic operations:
int a = 10;
int b = 5;
int sum = a + b; // 加法运算
int difference = a - b; // 减法运算
int product = a * b; // 乘法运算
int quotient = a / b; // 除法运算
int remainder = a % b; // 取模运算
2. Relational operations
Relational operators are used to compare the relationship between two values and return a Boolean value (true or false). These operators work as follows:
- Equal (==): Returns true if the two operands are equal; otherwise returns false.
- Not equal (!=): Returns true if the two operands are not equal; otherwise returns false.
- Greater than (>): Returns true if the first operand is greater than the second operand; otherwise returns false.
- Less than (<): Returns true if the first operand is less than the second operand; otherwise returns false.
- Greater than or equal to (>=): Returns true if the first operand is greater than or equal to the second operand; otherwise returns false.
- Less than or equal to (<=): Returns true if the first operand is less than or equal to the second operand; otherwise returns false.
The following are the steps and code samples for relational operations:
int a = 10;
int b = 5;
bool equal = (a == b); // 判断是否相等
bool notEqual = (a != b); // 判断是否不相等
bool greaterThan = (a > b); // 判断是否大于
bool lessThan = (a < b); // 判断是否小于
bool greaterThanOrEqual = (a >= b); // 判断是否大于等于
bool lessThanOrEqual = (a <= b); // 判断是否小于等于
3. Logical operations
Logical operators are used to perform logical operations on Boolean values and return a Boolean result. These operators work as follows:
- Logical AND (&&): Returns true if both operands are true; otherwise returns false.
- Logical OR (||): Returns true if at least one of the two operands is true; otherwise returns false.
- Logical NOT (!): Negates the operand and returns false if the operand is true and true if the operand is false.
The following are the steps and code samples for logical operations:
int a = 10;
int b = 5;
bool andResult = (a > 0) && (b > 0); // 逻辑与运算
bool orResult = (a > 0) || (b > 0); // 逻辑或运算
bool notResult = !(a > 0); // 逻辑非运算
4. Assignment operation
Assignment operators are used to assign a value to a variable. These operators work as follows:
- Simple assignment (=): Assign the value on the right to the variable on the left.
The following are the steps and code samples for the assignment operation:
int a = 10;
int b = 5;
a = b; // 简单赋值运算，将b的值赋给a
5. Increment and decrement operations
The increment operator (++) is used to increase the value of a variable by 1 and the decrement operator (–) is used to decrease the value of a variable by 1. These operators work as follows:
int a = 10;
a++; // 将a的值增加1，此时a的值为11
a--; // 将a的值减少1，此时a的值为10
6. Bit operations
Bitwise operators are used to operate on the bits of integers in binary representation, including bitwise and (&), bitwise or (|), bitwise exclusive or (^), bitwise inversion (~), left shift ( Operations such as <<) and right shift (>>). These operators work as follows:
- Bitwise AND (&): Performs a binary AND operation on two operands.
- Bitwise OR (|): Performs a binary OR operation on two operands.
- Bitwise XOR (^): Exclusive OR operation of binary bits of two operands.
- Bitwise inversion (~): Inverts the binary bits of the operand.
- Left Shift (<<): Shift the binary bits of the operand to the left by the specified number of bits.
- Right Shift (>>): Shift the binary bits of the operand to the right by the specified number of bits.
The following are steps and code samples for bit operations:
unsigned int a = 10; // 使用无符号整数进行位运算
unsigned int b = 5;
unsigned int bitwiseAnd = a & b; // 按位与运算
unsigned int bitwiseOr = a | b; // 按位或运算
unsigned int bitwiseXor = a ^ b; // 按位异或运算
unsigned int bitwiseNot = ~a; // 按位取反运算
unsigned int leftShift = a << 2; // 左移运算
unsigned int rightShift = a >> 2; // 右移运算
I hope that through the introduction of this blog, readers can have a deeper understanding of the calculation principles and steps of various operations in C language, and be able to use them proficiently to write efficient C language programs.