Unity important directory
Several important directories in the project
| Assets | Store resources, code, configuration |
|---|---|
| Library | After most of the resources are imported into the Assets directory, they will be converted into files recognized by Unity, and the converted files will be stored in this directory |
| Logs | log file |
| Packages | third-party plug-ins |
| ProjectSettings | Store various project settings |
| UserSettings | User preferences, such as how the editor is laid out |
When you want to migrate a project or copy the project to others, you only need to back up the three directories of Assets, Packages and ProjectSettings
Addressable
Addressable is an addressable resource management system based on Asset Bundle.
Advantages:
- Automatically manage AB package packaging, publishing, and loading
- It is more convenient to load local and remote resources
- Analyze resource dependencies
- Easier memory management
resource grouping
Install Addressable through Package Manager, and then click Groups
to create Addressables Settings for the first use. After creation, an AddressableAssetsData folder will be created in the Assets directory to save related configurations.
These configurations use ScriptableObject
The Addressables Groups interface is used for resource planning. Right-click on the blank space to create different groups.
Every time a new group is created, a corresponding configuration file will be generated by default to record the packaging and loading settings. When packaging, a group will be labeled as one or more ABs Bag
Drag the resource directly into a group, and it becomes an addressable resource. You
can also check Addressable in the Inspector. By
default, the path will be used as the Addressable Name (or Address), which is the unique identifier of the resource. You can also manual modification
Notice:
- C# code cannot be used as an addressable resource
- If the resources under the Resources folder become addressable resources, they will be moved into the Resources_ moved folder.
Reason: The resources under the Resources folder will eventually be packaged out. If it becomes an addressable resource, it means that you want to manage it through Addressables,
so it is unnecessary Load and package through Resources, so it will be automatically migrated to avoid repeated packaging
Labels on the right add tags to resources, such as low-definition version, high-definition version, level 1, level 2, and then you can only load resources of a certain label
Right click on the resource option
| Move Addressables to Group | Move resources to the specified Group |
|---|---|
| Move Addressables to New Group | Create a new Group with the same settings as the current Group, move resources to this Group |
| Rmove Addressables | Remove resource, become unaddressable |
| Simplify Addressable Names | Simplifies addressable resource names, removes paths and extensions from names, and simplifies and shortens names |
| Copy Address to Clipboard | copy address to clipboard |
| Change Address | change name |
| Create New Group | Create a new Group |
Right click on the group option
| Remove Group(s) | Remove the group, and all resources in the group will return to unaddressable resources |
|---|---|
| Simplify Addressable Names | simplified name |
| Rmove Addressables | Remove resource, become unaddressable |
| Set as Default | Set as the default group, when you directly check Addressable in the resource, it will automatically join this group |
| Inspect Group Setting | Quickly select associated group-related profiles |
| Rename | double naming |
| Create New Group | create new group |
Profile configuration overview related
Manage Profiles: Manage configuration files
Configure packaging platform, local and remote packaging, load path information
Tools tool related
| Inspect System Settings | Check system settings |
|---|---|
| Check for content Update Restrictions | Check Content Update Limits |
| Window | Open the Addressables related window |
| Groups View | Show Sprite and Subobject Addressable: Display the sprites and subobjects of addressable objects. Generally, you can check this option when you want to see the content in the atlas resource |
| Group Hierarchy with Dashes: Group Hierarchy with Dashes |
How to load resources in Play Mode Script editing mode
| Use Asset Database (fastest) | Use the AssetDatabase related interface to load resources directly, without packaging ab package, use it in the development stage |
|---|---|
| Simulate Groups (advanced) | It is used in the test phase, and the ab package will not be packaged. A time delay is added to the code to simulate the download situation |
| Use Existing Build | To be used in the release phase, you need to pack the ab package and configure the remote download path |
Build (build packaging related)
| New Build | Build resources (equivalent to packaging resource groupings), providing a default packaging script |
|---|---|
| Update a Previour Build | update previous version |
| Clean Build | Empty the previous build resources |
load resources
Loading via resource identifier class
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.AddressableAssets;
using UnityEngine.ResourceManagement.AsyncOperations;
public class Test : MonoBehaviour
{
//通用资源标识类可以用来加载任意类型资源
public AssetReference assetReference;
//只能加载图集资源
public AssetReferenceAtlasedSprite asReference;
//只能加载prefab资源
public AssetReferenceGameObject prefabReference;
//加载精灵图片或图集中的某个图片
public AssetReferenceSprite spriteReference;
//只能加载贴图资源
public AssetReferenceTexture textureReference;
//指定资源类型
public AssetReferenceT<AudioClip> audioReference;
public AssetReferenceT <RuntimeAnimatorController> controller;
public AssetReferenceT<TextAsset> textReference;
private void Start()
{
AsyncOperationHandle<GameObject> handle = assetReference.LoadAssetAsync<GameObject>();
handle.Completed += OnLoadCompleted;
}
private void OnLoadCompleted(AsyncOperationHandle<GameObject> handle)
{
if (handle.Status == AsyncOperationStatus.Succeeded)
{
//handle.Result就是加载的对象
GameObject go = Instantiate(handle.Result);
}
}
}
Click the circle on the right to select the specified resource, and drag the non-addressable resource to add it to the default Group
Loading and unloading by AddressableName
The APIs related to Addressable loading are asynchronous, and the synchronous method has been deprecated.
Asynchronous loading and unloading, resources can be local or remote server
private AsyncOperationHandle<GameObject> _asyncOperationRes;
private AsyncOperationHandle<GameObject> _asyncOperationInst;
private void Load()
{
//加载资源
Addressables.LoadAssetAsync<GameObject>("AddressableName").Completed += (handle) =>
{
if (handle.Status == AsyncOperationStatus.Succeeded)
{
_asyncOperationRes = handle;
// 加载实例
Addressables.InstantiateAsync(handle.Result).Completed += (inst) =>
{
_asyncOperationInst = inst;
};
}
};
}
private void Unload()
{
// 释放实例
Addressables.ReleaseInstance(_asyncOperationInst);
// 释放资源
Addressables.Release(_asyncOperationRes);
}
Load and unload scenes
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.AddressableAssets;
using UnityEngine.ResourceManagement.AsyncOperations;
using UnityEngine.ResourceManagement.ResourceProviders;
using UnityEngine.SceneManagement;
public class Test2 : MonoBehaviour
{
SceneInstance _loadedScene;//场景句柄
public void LoadSceneAsync()
{
Addressables.LoadSceneAsync("SceneName", LoadSceneMode.Additive).Completed += (handle) =>
{
if (handle.Status == AsyncOperationStatus.Succeeded)
{
_loadedScene = handle.Result;
//do something
}
};
}
public void UnloadSceneAsync()
{
Addressables.UnloadSceneAsync(_loadedScene).Completed += (handle) =>
{
if (handle.Status == AsyncOperationStatus.Succeeded)
{
_loadedScene = new SceneInstance();
//do something
}
};
}
}
analysis resources
The analysis window helps us analyze the resource redundancy in the project. It is divided into Fixable Rules and Unfixable Rules. Click a rule, and then click Analyze Selected Rules to analyze it. For fixable rules, for example, A references C, and B also references C, clicking Fix Selected Rules will create a new Group and put C into it.