When installing the pycrypto library today, an installation error was prompted
Collecting pip
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 209, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 317, in run
requirement_set.prepare_files(finder)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 360, in prepare_files
ignore_dependencies=self.ignore_dependencies))
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 577, in _prepare_file
session=self.session, hashes=hashes)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 810, in unpack_url
hashes=hashes
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 649, in unpack_http_url
hashes)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 842, in _download_http_url
stream=True,
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.9.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/sessions.py", line 480, in get
return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 378, in request
return super(PipSession, self).request(method, url, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.9.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/sessions.py", line 468, in request
resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.9.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/sessions.py", line 576, in send
r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/CacheControl-0.11.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl/cachecontrol/adapter.py", line 46, in send
resp = super(CacheControlAdapter, self).send(request, **kw)
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/requests-2.9.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/requests/adapters.py", line 376, in send
timeout=timeout
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.13.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 610, in urlopen
_stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
File "/usr/share/python-wheels/urllib3-1.13.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl/urllib3/util/retry.py", line 228, in increment
total -= 1
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for -=: 'Retry' and 'int'
You are using pip version 8.1.1, however version 19.1.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
However, it still cannot be executed when executing pip install --upgrade pip update.
The reason is that the lower version of pip has a bug.
So to add a proxy go to https://pypi.org/ to download the latest pip installation package pip-19.1.1.tar.gz and then unzip it and execute python setup.py install.
The new version was successfully installed.
After that, there is no problem in installing with pip