[C++ course assignment] C++ implements polymorphism-based employee management system, after-school homework for dark horse programmers

The employee management system can be used to manage the information of all employees in the company.
This tutorial mainly uses C++ to implement a polymorphic-based employee management system.
Employees in the company are divided into three categories: ordinary employees, managers, and bosses. When displaying information, it is necessary to display employee numbers, employee names, employee positions, and responsibilities:

• Ordinary employee responsibilities: complete the tasks assigned by the manager
• Manager Responsibilities: Complete the tasks assigned by the boss and issue tasks to employees
• Boss Responsibilities: Manage all affairs of the company

The functions that need to be implemented in the management system are as follows:

• Exit management program: exit the current management system
• Add employee information: realize the function of adding employees in batches, and enter the function information into the file. The employee information is: employee number, name, department number
• Display employee information: display the information of all employees in the company
• Delete resigned employees: delete the specified employees according to the number
• Modify employee information: modify employee personal information according to the number
• Find employee information: search for relevant personnel information according to the employee number or employee name
• Sort by number: sort according to the number of employees, and the sorting rules are specified by the user
• Clear all documents: Clear all employee information recorded in the document (confirmation is required before clearing to prevent accidental deletion)

Storing multiple employees (conceptual diagram)

Code

 

 

 

 

 

(head File)

worker.h (Worker)

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include<string>

//职工的抽象类
class Worker
{
public:
	//显示个人信息
	virtual void ShowInfo() = 0;
	//获取岗位名称
	virtual string  GetDeptName() = 0;
	//职工编号
	int m_Id;
	//职工姓名
	string m_Name;
	//部门编号
	int m_DeptId;
};

employee.h (Employee)

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include"worker.h"
using namespace std;
 

//普通职工类
class Employee:public Worker 
{
public://子类重写父类的虚函数or纯虚函数时,注意你写的是函数的声明还是函数的定义
	//构造函数
	Employee(int id, string name, int deptid);//属性初始化
	//显示个人信息
	virtual void ShowInfo();//子类重写父类的虚函数or纯虚函数,virtual可删可不删
	//获取岗位名称
	virtual string GetDeptName();
};

boss.h (boss)

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include"worker.h"
#include<string>
using namespace std;
//老板类
class Boss :public Worker
{
public:
	//构造函数
	Boss(int id, string name, int deptid);
	//显示个人信息
	virtual void ShowInfo();
	//获取岗位名称
	virtual string GetDeptName();
};

manager.h (management)

#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include"worker.h"
#include<string>
using namespace std;
//经理类
class Manager :public Worker
{
public:
	//构造函数
	Manager(int id, string name, int deptid);
	//显示个人信息
	virtual void ShowInfo();
	//获取岗位名称
	virtual string GetDeptName();
};

workerManager.h (workers)

#pragma once//防止头文件重复包含
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include"worker.h"
#include"employee.h"
#include"manager.h"
#include"boss.h"
#include<fstream>
#define FILENAME "test.txt"
using namespace std;//使用标准命名空间
class WorkerManager
{
public:
	//构造函数
	WorkerManager();
	//展示菜单
	void Show_Menu();
	//退出程序
	void ExitSystem();
	//记录职工人数
	int m_EmpNum;
	//职工数组指针
	Worker** m_EmpArray;
	//添加职工
	void AddEmp();
	//保存文件
	void SaveFile();
	//判断文件是否为空标志
	bool m_FileIsEmpty;
	//统计文件中的人数
	int Get_EmpNum();
	//初始化职工
	void Init_Emp();
	//显示职工
	void Show_Emp();
	//判断职工是否存在
	int IsExist(int id);
	//删除职工
	void Del_Emp();
	//修改职工
	void Mod_Emp();
	//查找职工
	void Find_Emp();
	//员工排序
	void Sort_Emp();
	//清空数据
	void Clean_File();
	//析构函数
	~WorkerManager();
};

boss.cpp (source file)

#include"boss.h"
//构造函数
Boss::Boss(int id, string name, int deptid)
{
	this->m_Id = id;
	this->m_Name = name;
	this->m_DeptId = deptid;
}
//显示个人信息
void Boss::ShowInfo()
{
	cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_Id
		<< "\t职工姓名:" << this->m_Name
		<< "\t岗位:" << this->GetDeptName()
		<< "\t岗位职责:管理公司所有的事物" << endl;
}
//获取岗位名称
string Boss::GetDeptName()
{
	return string("老板");
}

employee.cpp (source file)

#include"employee.h"
//构造函数
Employee::Employee(int id, string name, int deptid)
{
	this->m_Id = id;
	this->m_Name = name;
	this->m_DeptId = deptid;
}
//显示个人信息
void Employee::ShowInfo()
{
	cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_Id
		<< "\t职工姓名:" << this->m_Name
		<< "\t岗位:" << this->GetDeptName() 
		<<"\t岗位职责:完成经理交给的任务"<<endl;
}
//获取岗位名称
string Employee::GetDeptName()
{
	return string("普通员工");
}

(Source File)

Manager.cpp (source file)

#include"manager.h"
//构造函数
Manager::Manager(int id, string name, int deptid)
{
	this->m_Id = id;
	this->m_Name = name;
	this->m_DeptId = deptid;
}
//显示个人信息
void Manager::ShowInfo()
{
	cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_Id
		<< "\t职工姓名:" << this->m_Name
		<< "\t岗位:" << this->GetDeptName()
		<< "\t岗位职责:完成老板交个任务，并且下发任务给普通员工" << endl;
}
//获取岗位名称
string Manager::GetDeptName()
{
	return string("经理");
}

workerManager.cpp (source file)

#include"workerManager.h"

//构造函数
WorkerManager::WorkerManager()
{
	//1.文件不存在
	ifstream ifs;
	ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);
	if (!ifs.is_open())
	{
		//初始化属性
		//初始化记录人数为0
		this->m_EmpNum = 0;
		//初始化数组指针为空
		this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
		//初始化文件是否为空
		this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
		ifs.close();
		return;
	}
	//2.文件存在 数据为空
	char ch;
	ifs >> ch;
	if (ifs.eof())
	{
		//初始化属性
		//初始化记录人数为0
		this->m_EmpNum = 0;
		//初始化数组指针为空
		this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
		//初始化文件是否为空
		this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
		ifs.close();
	}
	//3.文件存在不为空
	int num = this->Get_EmpNum();
	this->m_EmpNum = num;
	//开辟空间，当文件中的数据存到数组中
	this->m_EmpArray = new Worker * [this->m_EmpNum];
	this->Init_Emp();

}
//展示菜单
void WorkerManager::Show_Menu()
{
	cout <<"*****************************" << endl;
	cout <<"*****欢迎使用职工管理系统*****" << endl;
	cout <<"*******0-退出管理程序*********" << endl;
	cout <<"*******1-增加职工信息*********" << endl;
	cout <<"*******2-显示职工信息*********" << endl;
	cout <<"*******3-删除离职职工*********" << endl;
	cout <<"*******4-修改职工信息*********" << endl;
	cout <<"*******5-查找职工信息*********" << endl;
	cout <<"*******6-按照编号排序*********" << endl;
	cout <<"*******7-清空所有文档*********" << endl;
	cout <<"*****************************" << endl;
}
//退出系统
void WorkerManager::ExitSystem()
{
	cout << "欢迎下次使用" << endl;
	system("pause");
	exit(0);
}
//添加职工
void WorkerManager::AddEmp()
{
	cout << "请输入添加职工的数量" << endl;
	int addnum = 0;//保存用户输入的数量
	cin >> addnum;
	if (addnum > 0)
	{
		//计算添加所需新空间的大小
		int NewSize = this->m_EmpNum + addnum;//先在里面的人数等于原来的+新添加的
		//开辟新空间——动态数组
		Worker** NewSpace = new Worker * [NewSize];
		//将原来空间下的数据拷贝到新空间下
		if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
		{
			for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
			{
				NewSpace[i] = this->m_EmpArray[i];
			}
		}
		//添加新的数据
		for(int i = 0; i< addnum;i++)
		{
			int id = 0;//职工编号
			string name;//职工姓名
			int dselect;//部门选择
			cout << "请输入第" <<i+1<<"个新职工的编号"<< endl;
			/*
				这里的判断输入重复是有缺陷的，例如我们要添加2个新员工，如果输入的第二个人和第一个人的编号一样，
				这样就判断不出来重复了,:(
			*/
			while (cin>>id)
			{
				int adjust = 0;
				for (int j = 0; j <this->m_EmpNum; j++)
				{
					if (id == this->m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id)
					{
						cout << "此编号已存在!请重新输入" << endl;
						adjust = 1;
					}
				}
				if (adjust == 0)
				{
					break;
				}
			}
			cout << "请输入第" << i+1<< "个新职工的姓名" << endl;
			cin >> name;
			cout << "请选择该职工的岗位"<< endl;
			cout << "1.普通职工" << endl;
			cout << "2.经理" << endl;
			cout << "3.老板" << endl;
			cin >> dselect;
			Worker* worker = NULL;
			switch (dselect)
			{
			case 1:
				worker = new Employee(id, name, 1);
				break;
			case 2:
				worker = new Manager(id, name, 2);
				break;
			case 3:
				worker = new Boss(id, name, 3);
				break;
			default:
				break;
			}
			
			//将创建的职工指针，保存到数组中
			NewSpace[this->m_EmpNum + i] = worker;		
		}
		//释放原有的空间
		delete[] this->m_EmpArray;
		//更改新空间的指向
		this->m_EmpArray = NewSpace;
		//更新职工人数
		this->m_EmpNum = NewSize;
		//更新职工不为空的标志
		this->m_FileIsEmpty = false;
		//提示
		cout << "成功添加" << addnum << "个新职工" << endl;
		//保存数据到文件中
		this->SaveFile();
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "输入有误" << endl;
	}
	//按任意键后清屏
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
//保存文件
void WorkerManager::SaveFile()
{
	ofstream ofs;
	ofs.open("test.txt", ios::out);//用输出方式打开文件——写文件
	//将每个人的数据写入到文件
	for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
	{
		ofs << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id << " "
			<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name << " "
			<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_DeptId << endl;
	}
}
//统计人数
int WorkerManager::Get_EmpNum()
{
	ifstream ifs;
	ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);//打开文件
	int id;
	string name;
	int did;
	//计数器
	int num = 0;
	while (ifs>>id && ifs>>name && ifs>>did)
	{
		num++;
	}
	return num;
}
//初始化职工
void WorkerManager::Init_Emp()
{
	//就是把文件里面的内容读进来
	ifstream ifs;
	ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);

	int id;
	string name;
	int did;
	int index = 0;
	while (ifs>>id && ifs >>name && ifs>>did)
	{
		Worker* worker = NULL;
		if (did == 1)
		{
			worker = new Employee(id,name,did);
		}
		else if (did == 2)
		{
			worker = new Manager(id, name, did);
		}
		else
		{
			worker = new Boss(id, name, did);
		}
		this->m_EmpArray[index] = worker;
		index++;
	}
	ifs.close();
}
//显示职工
void WorkerManager::Show_Emp()
{
	//判断文件是否为空
	if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件为空或记录为空" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
		{
			//利用多条调用程序接口
			this->m_EmpArray[i]->ShowInfo();
		}
	}
	//按任意键后清屏
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
//判断职工是否存在
int WorkerManager::IsExist(int id)
{
	int index = -1;//一看是认定不存在
	for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
	{
		if (this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id == id)
		{
			//找到职工
			index = i;
			break;
		}
	}
	return index;
}
//删除职工
void  WorkerManager::Del_Emp()
{
	if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在或者记录为空" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		//按照职工的编号来删除职工
		cout << "请输入要删除职工的编号" << endl;
		int id = 0;
		cin >> id;
		int index = this->IsExist(id);
		if (index != -1)//存在-删除
		{
			//在数组中删除数据本质上就是数据前移
			for (int i = index; i < this->m_EmpNum -1; i++)
			{
				this->m_EmpArray[i] = this->m_EmpArray[i + 1];
			}
			//更新数组中记录人员个数
			this->m_EmpNum--;
			//数据同步更新到文件中
			this->SaveFile();
			cout << "删除成功" << endl; 
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "删除失败，未找到该员工" << endl;
		}
		//按任意键清屏
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
	}
}
//修改职工
void WorkerManager::Mod_Emp()
{
	if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在或记录为空" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "请输入要修改的职工编号" << endl;
		int id = 0;
		cin >> id;
		int ret = this->IsExist(id);
		if (ret != -1)
		{
			//查找到了
			delete this->m_EmpArray[ret];//删除旧的，创建新的
			int newid = 0;;
			string newname = " ";
			int newselect = 0;
			cout << "查找到了编号为" << id << "的这个职工," <<"请输入新的职工号"<< endl;
			cin >> newid;
			cout << "请输入新的姓名" << endl;
			cin >> newname;
			cout << "请输入新的岗位" << endl;
			cout << "1.普通职工" << endl;
			cout << "2.经理" << endl;
			cout << "3.老板" << endl;
			cin >> newselect;
			Worker* worker = NULL;
			switch (newselect)
			{
			case 1:
				worker = new Employee(newid, newname, newselect);
				break;
			case 2:
				worker = new Manager(newid, newname, newselect);
				break;
			case 3:
				worker = new Boss(newid, newname, newselect);
				break;
			default:
				break;
			}
			//更新数据到数组中
			this->m_EmpArray[ret] = worker;
			cout << "修改成功!" << endl;
			this->SaveFile();//保存到文件中
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "修改失败，查无此人。" << endl;
		}
	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
//查找职工
void WorkerManager::Find_Emp()
{
	if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在或记录为空" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "请输入查找的方式" << endl;
		cout << "1.按职工编号查找" << endl;
		cout << "2.按职工姓名查找" << endl;
		int select = 0;
		cin >> select;
		if (select == 1)
		{
			//按照编号查
			int id;
			cout << "请输入查找的职工编号" << endl;
			cin >> id;
			int ret = this->IsExist(id);
			if (ret != -1)
			{
				cout << "查找成功！该职工的信息如下:" << endl;
				this->m_EmpArray[ret]->ShowInfo();
			}
			else
			{
				cout << "查找失败，查无此人!" << endl;
			}
		}
		else if (select == 2)
		{
			//按照姓名查找
			string name;
			cout << "请输入要查找的姓名" << endl;
			cin >> name;
			//加入判断是否查到的标志
			bool flag = false;
			for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
			{
				if (this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name== name)
				{
					cout << "查找成功,职工编号为" << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id << "的职工，他的信息如下:" << endl;
					this->m_EmpArray[i]->ShowInfo();
					flag = true;
				}
			}
			if (flag == false)
			{
				cout << "查找失败，查无此人" << endl;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "输入选项有误" << endl;
		}
		//按任意键清屏
		system("pause");
		system("cls");
	}
}
//员工排序
void WorkerManager::Sort_Emp()
{
	if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
	{
		cout << "文件不存在或记录为空" << endl;
		system("system");
		system("clsf");
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "请选择排序方式" << endl;
		cout << "1.按照职工号进行升序" << endl;
		cout << "2.按照职工号进行降序" << endl;
		int select = 0;
		cin >> select;
		for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
		{
			int MinOrMax = i;//声明最大值或最小值下标
			for (int j = i + 1; j < this->m_EmpNum; j++)
			{
				if (select == 1)
				{
					//升序
					if (this->m_EmpArray[MinOrMax]->m_Id > this->m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id)
					{
						MinOrMax = j;
					}
				}
				else
				{
					//降序
					if (this->m_EmpArray[MinOrMax]->m_Id < this->m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id)
					{
						MinOrMax = j;
					}
				}
			}
			//判断一开始认定的最大值或最小值是不是计算的最大值或最小值，如果不是就交换
			if (i != MinOrMax)
			{
				Worker* temp = this->m_EmpArray[i];
				this->m_EmpArray[i] = this->m_EmpArray[MinOrMax];
				this->m_EmpArray[MinOrMax] = temp;
			}
		}
		cout << "排序成功！排序后的结果为:" << endl;
		this->SaveFile();//将排序后的结果保存到文件中
		this->Show_Emp();//展示所有职工
	}
}
//清空数据
void WorkerManager::Clean_File()
{
	cout << "确认清空吗?" << endl;
	cout << "1.确认" << endl;
	cout << "2.取消" << endl;
	int select = 0;;
	cin >> select;
	if (select == 1)
	{
		//清空文件
		ofstream ofs(FILENAME,ios::trunc);
		ofs.close();
		if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
		{
			//删除堆区的每个对象
			for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
			{
				delete this->m_EmpArray[i];
			}
			//删除堆区数组指针
			delete this->m_EmpArray;
			this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
			this->m_EmpNum = 0;
			this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
		}
		cout << "清空成功！" << endl;

	}
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
//析构函数
WorkerManager::~WorkerManager()
{
	if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
		{
			delete this->m_EmpArray[i];
		}
		delete this->m_EmpArray;
		this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
	}
}

Employee management system.cpp (source file)

#include<iostream>
#include"workerManager.h"
#include"worker.h"
#include"employee.h"   
#include"manager.h"
#include"boss.h"
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
	//测试
	/*Worker* worker = NULL;
	worker = new Employee(1, "sb", 1);
	worker->ShowInfo();
	delete worker;
	worker = new Manager(1, "sbb", 2);
	worker->ShowInfo();
	delete worker;*/

	//实例化一个管理者的对象
	WorkerManager wm;
	int choice = 0;//用来存储用户的选择
		while (1)
		{
			//显示菜单
			wm.Show_Menu();
			cout << "请输入你的选择" << endl;
			cin >> choice;

			switch (choice)
			{
			case 0://退出系统
				wm.ExitSystem();
				break;
			case 1://添加职工
				wm.AddEmp();
				break;
			case 2://显示职工
				wm.Show_Emp();
				break;
			case 3://删除职工
				wm.Del_Emp();
				break;
			case 4://修改职工
				wm.Mod_Emp();
				break;
			case 5://查找职工
				wm.Find_Emp();
				break;
			case 6://排序职工
				wm.Sort_Emp();
				break;
			case 7://清空文件
				wm.Clean_File();
				break;
			default: 
				system("cls");//清屏
				break;
			}

		}
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}