Commonly used data structures in Unity

The commonly used data structures in Unity are as follows:

1. Array (Array): It is a linear data structure that can store multiple elements of the same type and access and operate through indexes. In Unity, arrays are one of the most commonly used data structures for storing game objects, materials, textures, and more.

2. List (List): It is also a linear data structure, similar to an array, but with more flexible functions. Lists can be dynamically resized and provide some convenience methods for adding, removing, and finding elements. In Unity, lists are often used to manage dynamic objects, enemy queues, etc. in the game.

3. Dictionary (Dictionary): It is a data structure of key-value pairs, which can quickly find and access values ​​​​through keys. In Unity, dictionaries are often used to store associations between game objects, such as associating game objects with their properties or states.

4. Queue: It is a first-in-first-out (FIFO) data structure that can insert elements at one end and delete elements at the other end. In Unity, queues are often used to manage events, commands, etc. in the game.

5. Stack: It is a last-in-first-out (LIFO) data structure. Contrary to a queue, elements can be inserted and deleted at one end. In Unity, the stack is usually used to implement functions such as undo and redo.

6. Collection (HashSet): A collection is a data structure that is unordered and does not allow duplicate elements. In Unity, HashSet can be used to quickly find and manipulate a set of elements, which provides methods for adding, deleting, and finding elements. Unlike lists and arrays, HashSet does not rely on indexes to access elements, but instead performs quick lookups based on the element's hash value.

7. Linked List (LinkedList): A linked list is a dynamic data structure consisting of a series of nodes, each node contains a value and a reference to the next node. In Unity, LinkedList can be used to efficiently insert and delete elements, especially when the collection needs to be modified frequently. However, it should be noted that compared to arrays and lists, linked lists are slower to access because it needs to traverse the linked list to find an element at a specific position.

8. Heap: A heap is a special tree-shaped data structure with the following characteristics: the value of any node in the tree is not greater than (or not less than) the value of its child nodes. In Unity, heaps are often used for priority queues, where each element has an associated priority or weight. Heaps can quickly find the maximum (or minimum) value, and support operations such as inserting and deleting elements.

9. Linked HashMap (LinkedHashMap): Linked HashMap is a data structure that combines a hash table and a linked list. It preserves the insertion order of elements and provides fast key-value lookup. In Unity, LinkedHashMap can be used in scenarios where elements need to be accessed in order of insertion, such as implementing the least recently used cache (LRU cache).

These data structures and container classes have corresponding implementations in Unity, and developers can choose appropriate data structures according to specific needs to improve code efficiency and performance.