foreword
In our daily work, we will come into contact with different types of databases in different projects, including relational databases and non-relational databases. The mainstream relational databases on the market include MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server, PostgreSQL, etc. They have different advantages and disadvantages, so their applicable business scenarios are also different
What is a relational database
A relational database is a database management system that stores and manages data in the form of tables.
It uses SQL (Structured Query Language) to query and operate data, and has the characteristics of ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation and persistence) to ensure data reliability and security. Relational databases usually consist of multiple tables, which are associated through primary keys and foreign keys to form a data collection with logical relationships.
Comparative analysis of major databases
1. MySQL
Advantages: The advantages of MySQL lie in its high performance, ease of use, and active developer community. It is often used in the development of small applications or small and medium-sized websites, and is suitable for application scenarios of high-concurrency small projects.
Disadvantages: The disadvantages of MySQL are that the data security is not strong enough, it does not support the implementation of distributed databases, and some functions are not perfect compared with commercial databases such as Oracle and SQL Server.
Applicable scenarios: It is suitable for the development of small applications or small and medium websites, and projects with a short development cycle and a small amount of data.
2. Oracle
Advantages: Oracle is one of the most popular commercial relational databases in the world. It has rich features, high performance, and supports the management of large-scale enterprise applications. Oracle provides a wealth of tools, easy maintenance, and many types of applications that can be developed.
Disadvantages: Oracle is expensive and not suitable for small-scale projects. At the same time, Oracle's performance is not as good as open source databases such as MySQL.
Applicable scenarios: suitable for the management of large-scale enterprise applications, such as telecommunications, finance and other enterprise-level businesses.
3. SQL Server
Pros: SQL Server is a relational database management system developed by Microsoft and considered part of the Microsoft Office and Windows operating system ecosystem. The advantages of SQL Server are that medium-sized enterprises can afford its price, it is easy to deploy and use, and it has good data recovery capabilities.
Disadvantages: SQL Server has a narrow scope of application and is not suitable for large-scale enterprises.
Applicable scenarios: suitable for medium-sized enterprises, such as network, education, government management departments, etc.
4. PostgreSQL
Advantages: PostgreSQL is a commercial open source relational database system that integrates open source code and high-quality commercial database applications. The functions that can be provided include complete transaction support, comprehensive concurrency control, multi-version concurrency control, support for multiple data types, etc.
Disadvantages: In terms of performance, it is slightly insufficient compared with MySQL, SQL Server, etc.
Applicable scenarios: Suitable for systems that provide data storage and management, such as medium and large systems such as ERP, CRM, and online sales.
Summarize
Different relational databases have their advantages and disadvantages and applicable scenarios. It is recommended to choose the database that suits you according to comprehensive factors such as the data scale of the project, business needs, and budget;
Large-scale, high-concurrency projects can use commercial databases such as Oracle;
Small projects use relatively lightweight MySQL, SQL Server, etc.;
PostgreSQL can be considered for projects with high requirements such as data recovery and multi-version concurrency control and not particularly high performance requirements;