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foreword
I recently wrote a log system, which needs to obtain the real address through the accessed IP address and save it in the database. I also read some articles on the Internet, so I sorted it out for your reference.
function realization
This is the method to obtain the correct IP address, which can be used directly.
public static final String UNKNOWN = "unknown";
public static final String X_FORWARDED_FOR = "x-forwarded-for";
public static final String PROXY_CLIENT_IP = "Proxy-Client-IP";
public static final String WL_PROXY_CLIENT_IP = "WL-Proxy-Client-IP";
public static final String HTTP_CLIENT_IP = "HTTP_CLIENT_IP";
public static final String HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR = "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR";
public static final String X_REAL_IP = "X-Real-IP";
public static final String LOCAL_IP_V4 = "127.0.0.1";
public static final String LOCAL_IP_V6 = "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1";
public static final String CDN_SRC_IP = "cdn-src-ip";
/**
* 获取 IP 地址
*/
public static String getIpAddress(ServerHttpRequest request) {
HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
String ip = headers.getFirst(X_FORWARDED_FOR);
if (ip != null && ip.length() != 0 && !UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
// 多次反向代理后会有多个ip值，第一个ip才是真实ip
if (ip.contains(",")) {
ip = ip.split(",")[0];
}
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = headers.getFirst(PROXY_CLIENT_IP);
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = headers.getFirst(WL_PROXY_CLIENT_IP);
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = headers.getFirst(HTTP_CLIENT_IP);
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = headers.getFirst(HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR);
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = headers.getFirst(X_REAL_IP);
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || UNKNOWN.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = Objects.requireNonNull(request.getRemoteAddress()).getAddress().getHostAddress();
if (ip.equals(LOCAL_IP_V4) || ip.equals(LOCAL_IP_V6)) {
// 根据网卡取本机配置的IP
InetAddress inet = null;
try {
inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
ip = inet.getHostAddress();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return ip;
}
/**
* 获取请求IP.
* @return String ip
*/
public static String getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest request) {
String ip = null;
Enumeration<?> enu = request.getHeaderNames();
while (enu.hasMoreElements()) {
String name = (String) enu.nextElement();
if (CDN_SRC_IP.equalsIgnoreCase(name)
|| X_FORWARDED_FOR.equalsIgnoreCase(name)
|| PROXY_CLIENT_IP.equalsIgnoreCase(name)
|| WL_PROXY_CLIENT_IP.equalsIgnoreCase(name)
|| X_REAL_IP.equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {
ip = request.getHeader(name);
}
if (org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils.isNotBlank(ip)){
break;
}
}
if (StringUtils.isBlank(ip)){
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
}
if (ip.equals(LOCAL_IP_V4) || ip.equals(LOCAL_IP_V6)) {
// 根据网卡取本机配置的IP
InetAddress inet = null;
try {
inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
ip = inet.getHostAddress();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return ip;
}
Through the above methods, you can get the IP address of the visitor. Only when you get the IP address, can you get the real address.
There are many ways to obtain the real address through IP, here I will only mention two:
- Method 1: Offline IP address location query
- Method 2: Online IP address location query
Method 1: We need to save an IP address location document locally. Method 2 is to access some URLs that can query the geographical location of the IP address through http requests.
The first method is that the query is faster, but some addresses may not be queried. The second method is basically all can be found, but it will be a bit slow to create a request, so a combination of the two will do.
Import dependencies:
<!-- 离线IP地址定位库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.lionsoul</groupId>
<artifactId>ip2region</artifactId>
<version>1.7.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- ali地域 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.maxmind.geoip2</groupId>
<artifactId>geoip2</artifactId>
<version>2.6.0</version>
</dependency>
Add offline IP address library:
Create a new copy file src/main/resourcesto the directoryip2regionip2region.db
------------------ ip2region.db 资源下载 -----------------
Link: Baidu Netdisk
Extraction code: v7se
---------------------------------------------------------
Add tool class:
RegionUtil.java
import java.io.File;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Objects;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.lionsoul.ip2region.DataBlock;
import org.lionsoul.ip2region.DbConfig;
import org.lionsoul.ip2region.DbSearcher;
import org.lionsoul.ip2region.Util;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
/**
* 根据ip离线查询地址
*
* @author ruoyi
*/
public class RegionUtil {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RegionUtil.class);
private static final String JAVA_TEMP_DIR = "java.io.tmpdir";
static DbConfig config = null;
static DbSearcher searcher = null;
// 初始化IP库
static {
try {
// 因为jar无法读取文件,复制创建临时文件
String dbPath = Objects.requireNonNull(RegionUtil.class.getResource("/ip2region/ip2region.db")).getPath();
File file = new File(dbPath);
if (!file.exists()) {
String tmpDir = System.getProperties().getProperty(JAVA_TEMP_DIR);
dbPath = tmpDir + "ip2region.db";
file = new File(dbPath);
ClassPathResource cpr = new ClassPathResource("ip2region" + File.separator + "ip2region.db");
InputStream resourceAsStream = cpr.getInputStream();
FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(resourceAsStream, file);
}
config = new DbConfig();
searcher = new DbSearcher(config, dbPath);
log.info("bean [{}]", config);
log.info("bean [{}]", searcher);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("init ip region error:{}", e.toString());
}
}
/**
* 解析IP
*
* @param ip
* @return
*/
public static String getRegion(String ip) {
try {
// db
if (searcher == null || StringUtils.isEmpty(ip)) {
log.error("DbSearcher is null");
return StringUtils.EMPTY;
}
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 查询算法
Method method = searcher.getClass().getMethod("memorySearch", String.class);
DataBlock dataBlock = null;
if (!Util.isIpAddress(ip)) {
log.warn("warning: Invalid ip address");
}
dataBlock = (DataBlock) method.invoke(searcher, ip);
String result = dataBlock.getRegion();
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
log.debug("region use time[{}] result[{}]", endTime - startTime, result);
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("error:{}", e.toString());
}
return StringUtils.EMPTY;
}
}
PureNetUtils.java
package com.mike.common.core.utils;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 网络访问工具类
*/
public class PureNetUtils {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PureNetUtils.class);
/**
* get方法直接调用post方法
*
* @param url 网络地址
* @return 返回网络数据
*/
public static String get(String url) {
return post(url, null);
}
/**
* 设定post方法获取网络资源,如果参数为null,实际上设定为get方法
*
* @param url 网络地址
* @param param 请求参数键值对
* @return 返回读取数据
*/
public static String post(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
HttpURLConnection conn = null;
try {
URL u = new URL(url);
conn = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection();
StringBuilder sb = null;
if (param != null) {
// 如果请求参数不为空
sb = new StringBuilder();
/*
* A URL connection can be used for input and/or output. Set the
* DoOutput flag to true if you intend to use the URL connection
* for output, false if not. The default is false.
*/
// 默认为false,post方法需要写入参数,设定true
conn.setDoOutput(true);
// 设定post方法,默认get
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
// 获得输出流
OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
// 对输出流封装成高级输出流
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out));
// 将参数封装成键值对的形式
for (Map.Entry<String, String> s : param.entrySet()) {
sb.append(s.getKey()).append("=").append(s.getValue()).append("&");
}
// 将参数通过输出流写入
writer.write(sb.deleteCharAt(sb.toString().length() - 1).toString());
writer.close();// 一定要关闭,不然可能出现参数不全的错误
sb = null;
}
conn.connect();// 建立连接
sb = new StringBuilder();
// 获取连接状态码
int recode = conn.getResponseCode();
BufferedReader reader = null;
if (recode == 200) {
// Returns an input stream that reads from this open connection
// 从连接中获取输入流
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
// 对输入流进行封装
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String str = null;
sb = new StringBuilder();
// 从输入流中读取数据
while ((str = reader.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(str).append(System.getProperty("line.separator"));
}
// 关闭输入流
reader.close();
if (sb.toString().length() == 0) {
return null;
}
return sb.toString().substring(0,
sb.toString().length() - System.getProperty("line.separator").length());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} finally {
if (conn != null)// 关闭连接
conn.disconnect();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 获取 ip 所属地址
*
* @param ip IP 地址
* @return 所属地址
*/
public static String getAlibaba(String ip) {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("ip", ip);
map.put("accessKey", "alibaba-inc");
String result = PureNetUtils.post("http://ip.taobao.com/outGetIpInfo", map);
log.info("{} => POST: http://ip.taobao.com/outGetIpInfo || result: {}", ip, result);
String address = null;
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(result)) {
JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
// 请求成功，解析响应数据
if ("query success".equals(jsonObject.get("msg"))) {
JSONObject dataMap = JSONObject.parseObject(jsonObject.getString("data"));
String country = dataMap.getString("country");
String region = dataMap.getString("region");
String city = dataMap.getString("city");
address = country + region + city;
}
}
return address;
}
}
AddressUtils .java
import com.mike.common.core.utils.PureNetUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
* 获取地址类
*
* @author ruoyi
*/
public class AddressUtils {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AddressUtils.class);
// 未知地址
public static final String UNKNOWN = "未知地址";
public static String getRealAddress(String ip) {
// 内网不查询
if (internalIp(ip)) {
return "内网IP";
}
try {
String rspStr = RegionUtil.getRegion(ip);
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(rspStr)) {
String[] obj = rspStr.split("\\|");
String region = obj[2];
String city = obj[3];
return String.format("%s%s", region, city);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("获取地理位置异常 {}", e.toString());
}
// ali地域查询
return PureNetUtils.getAlibaba(ip);
}
/* 判断是否是内网IP */
public static boolean internalIp(String ipAddress) {
boolean isInnerIp = false;
long ipNum = getIpNum(ipAddress);
/*
* 私有IP：A类 10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255 B类 172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255 C类
* 192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255 当然，还有127这个网段是环回地址
*/
long aBegin = getIpNum("10.0.0.0");
long aEnd = getIpNum("10.255.255.255");
long bBegin = getIpNum("172.16.0.0");
long bEnd = getIpNum("172.31.255.255");
long cBegin = getIpNum("192.168.0.0");
long cEnd = getIpNum("192.168.255.255");
isInnerIp = isInner(ipNum, aBegin, aEnd)
|| isInner(ipNum, bBegin, bEnd) || isInner(ipNum, cBegin, cEnd)
|| ipAddress.equals("127.0.0.1");
return isInnerIp;
}
/* 获取IP数 */
private static long getIpNum(String ipAddress) {
String[] ip = ipAddress.split("\\.");
long a = Integer.parseInt(ip[0]);
long b = Integer.parseInt(ip[1]);
long c = Integer.parseInt(ip[2]);
long d = Integer.parseInt(ip[3]);
return a * 256 * 256 * 256 + b * 256 * 256 + c * 256 + d;
}
private static boolean isInner(long userIp, long begin, long end) {
return (userIp >= begin) && (userIp <= end);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String realAddress = getRealAddress("117.136.79.113");
System.out.println("realAddress = " + realAddress);
}
}
String region = dataMap.getString("region");
String city = dataMap.getString("city");
address = country + region + city;
}
}
return address;
}
/* 获取IP数 */
private static long getIpNum(String ipAddress) {
String[] ip = ipAddress.split("\\.");
long a = Integer.parseInt(ip[0]);
long b = Integer.parseInt(ip[1]);
long c = Integer.parseInt(ip[2]);
long d = Integer.parseInt(ip[3]);
return a * 256 * 256 * 256 + b * 256 * 256 + c * 256 + d;
}
private static boolean isInner(long userIp, long begin, long end) {
return (userIp >= begin) && (userIp <= end);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String realAddress = getRealAddress("117.136.79.113");
System.out.println("realAddress = " + realAddress);
}
}
test
Run the method test AddressUtils.javaformain
Reference blog:
How Java obtains the real address through IP: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39486119/article/details/107857455
Integrated ip2region to realize offline IP address positioning: http://doc.ruoyi.vip/ruoyi/