1. Introduction to Linux
Linux system version
The Linux system is divided into kernel version and release version . Kernel version
: developed by
Linus Torvalds and his team, maintenance is free
, and open source
is responsible for controlling hardware. Version
2. Linux installation
Linux system installation method
Physical machine installation: directly install the operating system on the server hardware
Virtual machine installation: install through virtual machine software
3. Network card
ip addr
3.1 Network card settings
3.2 Install SSH connection tool
SSH (Secureshell), a security protocol based on the application layer
Enterprise linux is installed on the server and requires us to connect remotely.
Use: xshell
4. Catalog introduction
5. Installation method
5.1 install jdk
//注意jdk的位置
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_171
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
5.2 Install Tomcat
5.2.1 Whether the verification is successful
5.2.2 Firewall operation
View firewall status
systemctl status firewalld
or
firewall-cmd --state
Temporarily turn off the firewall
systemctl stop firewalld
Permanently turn off the firewall
systemctl disable firewalld
Turn on the firewall
systemctl start firewalld
open designated ports
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
Close the specified port
firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=8080/tcp --permanent
Effective immediately
firewall-cmd --reload
Check open ports
firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
Note:
1. systemct is a command to manage services in Linux. It can start, stop, restart, view status and other operations on services. 2.
firewall-cmd is a command specially used to control firewalls in Linux.
3. In order to ensure system security, the server It is not recommended to close the firewall
5.2.3 Ways to stop Tomcat service:
① Run the script file shutdwnoch provided in the bin directory of Tomcat to stop the service
sh shutdown.sh
./shutdown.sh
②End the Tomcat process
View the Tomcat process and get the process id
ps -ef | grep tomcat
Note:
The kill command is a command provided by Linux to end a process, and -9 means a forced end
5.3 Install MySQL
①: Detect whether the MySQL database is installed in the current system
rpm -qa
Query all software installed in the current system
rpm -qa | grep mysql
Query the software with mysql in the name installed in the current system
rpm -qa | grep mariadb
Query the software with the name mariadb installed in the current system
RPM (Red-Hat Package Manager) RPM package manager is a tool used by Red Hat Linux to manage and install software
Notes:
If the MySQL database has already been installed in the current system, the installation will fail. Centos7 comes with mariadb, which is flush with the MySQL database
②: Uninstall the conflicting software that has been installed
rpm -e --nodeps software name uninstall software
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.×86_64
③: Upload the MySQL installation package provided in the data to Linux and decompress it
mkdir /usr/loca/mysql
tar-zxvf mysql-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar.gz-c /usr/local/mysql
④: Install rpm packages in order
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum install net-tools
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
Detect dependency failed:
Caused by yum installing an old version of gpg keys
Add "--force --nodeps" to the suffix
eg:
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps
Note 1: During the installation process, it prompts that the net-tools dependency is missing, use yum to install
Note 2: You can upgrade the existing software and system kernel through instructions
yum update
⑤: Start mysql ( be careful not to paste spaces )
systemctl status mysqld View mysql service status
systemctl start mysqld Start mysql service
systemctl enable mysqld Start mysql service
netstat -tunlp or netstat -tunlp l grep mysql View started services
ps -ef | grep mysql View mysql process
⑥Log in to the MySQL database and check the temporary password
cat /var/log/mysqld.log view the file content
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password view the line information containing password in the file content
Notice:
[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: IAzt_RVda7sD
After the colon is the password, pay attention to the space (no space)
⑦: Log in to MySQL, change the password, and open access rights
mysql -uroot -p log in to mysql (login with a temporary password)
#Modify the password
set global validate_password_length=4; set the minimum number of digits in the password length
set global validate_password_policy=Low; set the password security level is low, so that the password can be changed to root
set password = password('root'); set the password to root
#Open access
grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%'identified by 'root';
flush privileges; refresh permissions
⑧: Test whether the MySQL database is working normally
show databases;
5.4 Install lrzsz
1. Search for the lrzsz installation package, the command is yum list lrzsz
2. Use the yum command to install online, the command is yum install lrzsz.x86_64
Notice:
Yum (full name YellowdogUpdater, Modified) is a Shell front-end package manager in Fedora, RedHat and CentOs. Based on RPM package management, it can automatically download and install RPM packages from a specified server, automatically handle dependencies, and install all dependent software packages at one time, without the need for complicated downloads and installations.
6. Project deployment
6.1 Manual deployment project (complex)
Manually package and upload the jar package. run by command
①: Develop the SpringBoot project in IDEA and package it into a jar package
②: Upload the jar package to the Linux server
eg: mkdir /usr/local/app
creates a directory and puts the project jar package in this directory
③: Start the SpringBoot program
java -jar jar package name
④: Check the firewall to ensure that port 8080 is open to the outside world and access the SpringBoot project
Use the firewall part of the command
⑤: Run the SpringBoot program in the background instead, and output the log to the log file (it can still run after linux is closed)
&>: log file name (created in the current directory)
&: Indicates that the program is executing in the background
eg:nohup java -jar jar package name &> log file name&
Problems with the current program running:
a. The online program will not run the program in the form of a console dominating the screen, but will run the program in the background
b. The online program will not output the log to the console, but to the log file, which is convenient for operation and maintenance to consult information
⑥: Stop the SpringBoot program
query process
ps -ef | grabbed java
delete
The process number corresponding to kill -9
6.2 Automatically deploy projects through She scripts
①: Install Git in Linux
yum list git list git installation package
yum install git install git online
②: Use Git to clone the code
cd /usr/local
git clone https://gitee.com/chuanzhiBoke/hellowortd.git
③: Upload the maven installation package provided in the data to Linux, and install maven in Linux
tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.5.4-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
---------------------------------------------------------------
vim /etc/profile Modify the configuration file to add the following content
export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.5.4
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$PATH---------------------------------------------------------------
source /etc/profile
mvn -version
---------------------------------------------------------------
Modify the configuration file
vim /usr/local/apache-maven-3.5.4/conf/settings.xml
as follows:
<localRepository>/usr/local/repo</localRepository>
④: Copy the Shell script file provided in the data to Linux
#!/bin/sh
echo =================================
echo 自动化部署脚本启动
echo =================================
echo 停止原来运行中的工程
APP_NAME=helloworld
tpid=`ps -ef|grep $APP_NAME|grep -v grep|grep -v kill|awk '{print $2}'`
if [ ${tpid} ]; then
echo 'Stop Process...'
kill -15 $tpid
fi
sleep 2
tpid=`ps -ef|grep $APP_NAME|grep -v grep|grep -v kill|awk '{print $2}'`
if [ ${tpid} ]; then
echo 'Kill Process!'
kill -9 $tpid
else
echo 'Stop Success!'
fi
echo 准备从Git仓库拉取最新代码
cd /usr/local/helloworld
echo 开始从Git仓库拉取最新代码
git pull
echo 代码拉取完成
echo 开始打包
output=`mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true`
cd target
echo 启动项目
nohup java -jar helloworld-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar &> helloworld.log &
echo 项目启动完成
⑤ Authorize users
⑦: Set static ip
modify file
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
⑧Restart network service
systemctl restart network
Note : After restarting the network service, the ip address has changed. At this time, Finalshell cannot connect to the Linux system.
A new connection needs to be created to connect to Linux.
2、Redis
Redis is a memory - based key-value structured database.
1. Getting Started with Redis
Can be used as: database, cache and messaging middleware.
Complementary to relational databases
Windows version download address: https://github.com/microsoftarchive/redis/releases
Linux version download address: Index of /releases/ (redis.io)
Steps to install Redis on Linux system :
1. Upload the Redis installation package to Linux
2. Decompress the installation package, command: tar -zxvf redis-4.0.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local
3. Install Redis dependent environment gcc, command: yum install gcc- c++
4. Enter /usr/local/redis-4.0.0, compile, command: make
5. Enter the src directory of redis, install, command: make install
Start and stop of redis service in linux:
Redis service starts in Linux, you can use redis-server
The default port number is 6379
Ctrl+C to stop the Redis service
Background execution: Modify the daemonize in the configuration file redis.conf in the main directory to yes
Then execute src/redis-server ./redis.conf to run in the background
other:
PID: process
redis-cli under src: connect to the client
Edit Mode: /Find Content
Modify the login client with a password to modify redis.conf
Add: requirepass password
eg:requirepass 123456
When the client queries for login: auth password
When starting the client: src/redis-cli -h localhost -p 6379 -a password (123456)
eg:auth 123456
Switch database default 16 0--15
select (dbid) database name
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Windows version of Redis is a green software that can be used directly after decompression. The directory structure after decompression is as follows:
2. Data type
The data of the key-value structure, where the key is a string type, and the value has 5 commonly used data types
3. Common commands
1. String operation command
SET key value Set the value of the specified key/overwrite the previous value with the same key
GET key Get the value of the specified key
SETEX key seconds value Set the value of the specified key and set the expiration time of the key to seconds
SETNX key value only when the key does not exist Set the value of the key
127.0.0.1:6379> set name wyh
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get name
"wyh"
2. Hash hash operation command
Redishash is a mapping table of string type field and value, hash is especially suitable for storing objects
HSET key field value Set the value of the field field in the hash table key to value
HGET key field Get the value stored in the specified field in the hash table
HDEL key field Delete the specified field stored in the hash table
HKEYS key Get the hash All fields in the table
HVALS key Get all the values in the hash table
HGETALL key Get all the fields and values of the specified key in the hash table
3. List list operation command
4. Collection set operation command
5. Ordered set sortedset operation command
6. Common commands
4. Operate Redis in java
4.1 Basic use
1. Maven coordinates of Jedis:
<dependency> <groupId>redis.clients</groupId> <artifactId>jedis</artifactId> <version>2.8.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency>
2. Create a test class
/** * Use jedis to operate Redis */ public class JedisTest { @Test public void testRedis(){ //1 get connection Jedis jedis = new Jedis("localhost",6379); //2, perform specific operations //set up jedis.set("username","xiaoming"); String value = jedis.get("username"); System.out.println(value); //delete jedis.del("username"); //hash jedis.hset("myhash","addr","bj"); // get the value String hValue = jedis.hget("myhash","addr"); System.out.println(hValue); //Query all Set<String> keys = jedis.keys("*"); for (String key : keys){ System.out.println(key); } //3 close the connection jedis.close(); } }
4.2 Spring Data Redis (commonly used)
In the SpringBoot project, you can use SpringDataRedis to simplify Redis operations
1. Import coordinates
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency>
Step 1: Configure class application.yml
spring:
application:
name:java_redis
#redis相关配置
redis:
host:localhost
port:6379
#passwoerd:
database:0 #操作的是0号数据库
jedis:
#Redis连接池配置
pool:
max-active: 8 #最大连接数
max-wait: 1ms #连接池最大阻塞等待时间
max-idle: 4 #连接池中的最大空闲连接
min-idle: 0 # 连接池中的最小空闲连接
Step 2: The reids database cannot be queried.
Reason: Serialization
Solution: Create a configuration class to modify serialization
SpringDataRedisTest
@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class SpringDataRedisTest {
//操作不同的接口就需要这个redisTemplate对象
//此处的redisTemplate对象是我们修改过的
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
/**
* 操作String类型数据
*/
@Test
public void testString(){
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("city123","beijing");
String value = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("city123");
System.out.println(value);
//long型加l
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("key1","value1",10l, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
Boolean aBoolean = redisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent("city1234", "nanjing");
System.out.println(aBoolean);
}
/**
* 操作Hash类型数据
*/
@Test
public void testHash(){
HashOperations hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
//存值
hashOperations.put("002","name","xiaoming");
hashOperations.put("002","age","20");
hashOperations.put("002","address","bj");
//取值
String age = (String) hashOperations.get("002", "age");
System.out.println(age);
//获得hash结构中的所有字段
Set keys = hashOperations.keys("002");
for (Object key : keys) {
System.out.println(key);
}
//获得hash结构中的所有值
List values = hashOperations.values("002");
for (Object value : values) {
System.out.println(value);
}
}
/**
* 操作List类型的数据
*/
@Test
public void testList(){
ListOperations listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();
//存值
listOperations.leftPush("mylist","a");
listOperations.leftPushAll("mylist","b","c","d");
//取值
List<String> mylist = listOperations.range("mylist", 0, -1);
for (String value : mylist) {
System.out.println(value);
}
//获得列表长度 llen
Long size = listOperations.size("mylist");
int lSize = size.intValue();
for (int i = 0; i < lSize; i++) {
//出队列
String element = (String) listOperations.rightPop("mylist");
System.out.println(element);
}
}
/**
* 操作Set类型的数据
*/
@Test
public void testSet(){
SetOperations setOperations = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
//存值
setOperations.add("myset","a","b","c","a");
//取值
Set<String> myset = setOperations.members("myset");
for (String o : myset) {
System.out.println(o);
}
//删除成员
setOperations.remove("myset","a","b");
//取值
myset = setOperations.members("myset");
for (String o : myset) {
System.out.println(o);
}
}
/**
* 操作ZSet类型的数据
*/
@Test
public void testZset(){
ZSetOperations zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
//存值
zSetOperations.add("myZset","a",10.0);
zSetOperations.add("myZset","b",11.0);
zSetOperations.add("myZset","c",12.0);
zSetOperations.add("myZset","a",13.0);
//取值
Set<String> myZset = zSetOperations.range("myZset", 0, -1);
for (String s : myZset) {
System.out.println(s);
}
//修改分数
zSetOperations.incrementScore("myZset","b",20.0);
//取值
myZset = zSetOperations.range("myZset", 0, -1);
for (String s : myZset) {
System.out.println(s);
}
//删除成员
zSetOperations.remove("myZset","a","b");
//取值
myZset = zSetOperations.range("myZset", 0, -1);
for (String s : myZset) {
System.out.println(s);
}
}
/**
* 通用操作，针对不同的数据类型都可以操作
*/
@Test
public void testCommon(){
//获取Redis中所有的key
Set<String> keys = redisTemplate.keys("*");
for (String key : keys) {
System.out.println(key);
}
//判断某个key是否存在
Boolean itcast = redisTemplate.hasKey("itcast");
System.out.println(itcast);
//删除指定key
redisTemplate.delete("myZset");
//获取指定key对应的value的数据类型
DataType dataType = redisTemplate.type("myset");
System.out.println(dataType.name());
}
}RedisConfig
package com.itheima.config;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurerSupport;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
/**
* Redis配置类
*/
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
//默认的Key序列化器为：JdkSerializationRedisSerializer
//设置新的序列化器
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
return redisTemplate;
}
}