1. Introduction to the Python programming language
1.1 What is Python
Python is a high-level, interpreted, object-oriented programming language with concise, easy-to-read, and easy-to-write syntax. Python was created in the Netherlands by Guido van Rossum in 1989 and officially released in 1991.
Python language is widely used in data science, web development, artificial intelligence, automated testing and other fields. The Python ecosystem is huge and includes a large number of excellent open source libraries and tools, such as NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, Scikit-Learn, Django, Flask, etc.
1.2 Features of Python
The Python language has the following characteristics:
- Concise and easy to read: Python's syntax is simple and intuitive, making it easy to learn and understand.
- Object-oriented: Python supports object-oriented programming ideas, with features such as encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.
- Interpreted: Python is an interpreted language that can run source code directly without compiling.
- Dynamic typing: Python is a dynamically typed language, and variable types are determined at runtime.
- Cross-platform: Python can run on a variety of operating systems, such as Windows, Linux, MacOS, etc.
1.3 Python application areas
The Python language is widely used in the following fields:
- Data Science: Python provides a wealth of data science libraries, such as NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, etc., for applications in data analysis, data visualization, and machine learning.
- Web development: Python provides a variety of web frameworks