Use mutex (Mutex) and read-write lock (RWMutex):
When reading and writing operations on shared resources, use mutual exclusion locks or read-write locks for protection to ensure that only one coroutine can access shared resources at the same time. Mutex locks are suitable for scenarios where more writes are performed and less reads are performed, and read-write locks are suitable for scenarios where more reads are performed and less writes are performed.
Use atomic operations:
Go provides some atomic operations, such as atomic.AddInt32, atomic.LoadInt32, atomic.StoreInt32, etc., which can perform atomic operations on shared resources without using locks, thus ensuring concurrency safety.
Use channels:
By using channels for communication between coroutines, competition for shared resources can be avoided, thereby ensuring concurrency safety. For example, channels can be used for message passing, coroutine synchronization and other operations.
Use sync.WaitGroup for coroutine synchronization:
When you need to wait for multiple coroutines to complete before proceeding to the next step, you can use sync.WaitGroup for coroutine synchronization. WaitGroup can block the main coroutine until all coroutines are executed.
Use context for coroutine control:
The context package can be used to control the coroutine. For example, you can set the timeout period and cancel the coroutine through methods such as context.WithTimeout and context.WithCancel, so as to ensure the safe exit of the coroutine.