Welcome to follow the blogger Mindtechnist or join [ Linux C/C++/Python community ] to learn and share together
Linux、C、C++、Python、Matlab, robot motion control, multi-robot collaboration, intelligent optimization algorithm, filter estimation, multi-sensor information fusion, machine learning, artificial intelligence and other related fields knowledge and technology.
IP address, MAC address, Internet, WLAN, operator, subnet mask, network address, broadcast address, network segment, gateway, port
Column: "Network Programming"
IP Address
An IP address is a unique identifier for a device on the Internet. It is a set of addresses consisting of numbers and periods used to locate and identify a device on a network. There are two versions of IP addresses, IPv4 and IPv6. An IPv4 address consists of 32-bit binary numbers expressed in dotted decimal notation (for example, 192.168.0.1). An IPv6 address consists of a 128-bit binary number represented by groups of eight separated by colons (for example, 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334). IP addresses enable devices to communicate and exchange data on a network.
...IP地址
MAC address
MAC address (Media Access Control Address) is the physical address of the network device. It is a globally unique identifier pre-assigned to each network card by the network card manufacturer. MAC addresses are represented by 12 hexadecimal digits, usually separated by colons (for example, 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E). The MAC address is used to uniquely identify devices in a local area network (LAN), and is used for the transmission and exchange of data frames on the LAN.
...MAC地址
Internet
The Internet is a worldwide network of interconnected computers. It is a huge network composed of infrastructure such as countless network devices, servers, routers, and optical fibers. The Internet enables people to transfer and access information globally through various communication protocols and technologies. It has become an indispensable infrastructure in modern society, supporting various online activities such as email, web browsing, online shopping, social media, and more.
...互联网
WLAN
WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) is a wireless local area network technology used to realize data communication between wireless devices within a limited range. WLAN uses wireless signals instead of traditional wired connections, and connects devices to local area networks and the Internet through wireless access points (Access Points). WLAN provides a convenient network access method, allowing users to connect wirelessly and access network resources within the coverage area.
...WLAN
Carrier A carrier
is a company or organization that provides telecommunications services. They provide users with various communication services, such as telephony, mobile communication and Internet access, by establishing and maintaining communication network infrastructure. Carriers may be landline operators, mobile network operators, or Internet service providers. They undertake the responsibility of constructing, maintaining and managing communication networks, and provide related communication services.
...
Subnet Mask
Subnet Mask (Subnet Mask) is used to determine which bits in an IP address are used for network identification and which bits are used for host identification. It is a 32-bit binary number, usually expressed in dotted decimal notation (eg, 255.255.255.0). The subnet mask is logically ANDed with the IP address to determine the network address and the host address. It helps divide the network and supports subnetting, making the management and allocation of network resources more flexible and efficient.
...
Network address
A network address refers to the part of an IP address used to identify a network. It is obtained by logically ANDing the IP address and the subnet mask. The network address is used to uniquely identify a specific network, and devices are addressed and communicated through the network address.
...
Broadcast Address
A broadcast address is a special IP address used to broadcast messages to all devices on a network. The broadcast address is usually the last address of the network address, that is, the host address part is all binary 1s. When a device sends a broadcast message, all devices on the network can receive the message.
...
Network
segment A network segment refers to a group of IP address ranges with the same network address under the same subnet mask. The network segment is determined by the length of the subnet mask (expressed as CIDR, Classless Inter-Domain Routing). For example, a network segment can be 10.0.0.0/24, indicating that the network address is 10.0.0.0, the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, and the range includes all IP addresses from 10.0.0.1to 10.0.0.254.
...
Gateway
A gateway is a device in a network that connects different networks. It acts as a transit point between different networks, responsible for passing data from one network to another. In the Internet, a gateway is an exit point between a local network and the public Internet, and it is responsible for forwarding data packets to the destination network.
...
Ports
Ports are logical channels or slots used in network communication. It is used to identify a specific location on a device where an application or service communicates. The port number is a 16-bit number ranging from 0 to 65535. Among them, the port numbers from 0 to 1023 are called "system ports", which are used for some specific standard services, and the port numbers 1024up to 655351023 are called "dynamic ports", which can be dynamically allocated by applications.
...
Local Area Network (LAN)
Local Area Network (LAN) refers to a network established within a relatively small geographical range. It is typically used to connect devices such as computers, servers, printers, and network storage devices that are located in the same building, office, or campus. LAN provides high-speed and reliable data transmission, enabling internal devices to easily share files, resources and services.
...
Local area networks are usually built with Ethernet or Wireless Local Area Network (WiFi) technologies. They use networking devices such as switches or routers to connect devices together to form an internal network. Devices in a LAN can communicate with each other and exchange data through IP addresses.
...
WiFi
WiFi is a wireless network technology used to realize data communication between wireless devices in a local area network. It is based on radio waves and allows devices to connect to the network through a wireless access point (often called a WiFi router). WiFi technology uses wireless frequency bands to transmit data and provides convenient wireless network access, enabling users to wirelessly connect and access network resources within the coverage area.
...
A WiFi network usually consists of one or more WiFi routers and wireless access points. A WiFi router connects to a wired network (such as fiber optic, DSL, or cable modem) and provides coverage to devices in an area with a wireless signal. Users can connect to the WiFi network through WiFi devices (such as laptops, smartphones, tablets) and enjoy the convenience of wireless Internet access.
...
Router
A router is a network device used to connect data transmission between different networks. It has multiple network interfaces, can be connected to multiple networks, and forwards data according to network addresses. Routers are responsible for sending packets of data from one network to another to enable devices to communicate across networks.
In a home or office network, a common router is a WiFi router. It not only provides wireless network access, but also has routing functions. A WiFi router connects to an Internet Service Provider (ISP) modem, connecting the external Internet connection with the internal LAN. It uses network address translation (NAT) technology to assign private IP addresses to devices in the LAN, and allows these devices to share a single public IP address to communicate with the Internet.
Routers also provide security features, such as firewalls, to protect the network from potential cyber attacks and threats.
...
Hub (Hub)
A hub is a network device used to connect devices in a local area network (LAN). It is a multi-port device used to connect multiple devices together for data transfer and sharing. When a device sends data to the hub, the hub broadcasts the data to all connected devices. This means that all ports of the hub are in the same collision domain, that is, when two devices send data at the same time, a collision may occur, resulting in data collision.
A hub is a simple device commonly used in older local area networks. They have been replaced in modern networks by switches (Switches), which can handle data traffic more intelligently and provide higher performance and security.
...
Optical Fiber (Fiber Optic)
Optical fiber is a communication medium for transmitting data. It consists of a fiber optic core, which is a long, thin fiber made of high-purity glass or plastic, and an outer cladding. Optical fibers convert data signals into optical signals and transmit data in the form of light in the optical fiber.
Optical fiber communication has many advantages, such as high-speed transmission, long-distance transmission, strong anti-interference and so on. It is widely used to build high-speed broadband networks, telecommunication, and long-distance telephony and data transmission. Fiber optics are an essential part of modern communication technology, providing reliable and efficient data transmission.
...
Base Station (Base Station)
A base station is a device in a mobile communication network, which is used to provide wireless communication services. It is a collection of radio transmitters and receivers for receiving and sending wireless signals. A base station is a key component in a mobile network, providing the wireless connection between mobile devices and the network.
A base station usually consists of antennas, transceivers, control units and transmission equipment. When a mobile device (such as a mobile phone) establishes a connection with a base station, the base station is responsible for receiving the signal sent by the device and forwarding it to the network. Likewise, base stations are responsible for transmitting signals from the network to mobile devices, enabling them to communicate and transfer data.
The coverage area of a base station is usually called a cell (Cell), which divides the entire area into multiple cells to provide extensive and continuous wireless network coverage. Mobile devices can switch between different cells to maintain constant communication and connectivity.
//IP地址、MAC地址、互联网、WLAN、运营商、
//子网掩码、网络地址、广播地址、网段、网关、
//端口、局域网、WiFi、路由、集线器、光纤、基站。
