Dubbo is a high-performance, lightweight distributed service framework. Its overall architecture design includes the following layers:
1. Service Interface Layer
This is the top layer of Dubbo, which defines the interface and data model of the service. The interface layer is a contract provided to service consumers and providers, and it is independent of specific implementation technologies and frameworks. The service interface layer is generally defined in the form of a Java interface, which includes information such as service method signatures, parameters, and return value types.
2. Configuration Layer
The configuration layer is the configuration center of Dubbo, which is responsible for managing and loading various configuration information. In Dubbo, the behavior of the framework can be configured through configuration files or programmatically, such as service registry, communication protocol, load balancing strategy, etc. The configuration layer loads these configuration information into the framework for subsequent processing and use.
3. Service Proxy Layer
The service proxy layer is the core layer of Dubbo, which is responsible for converting the service interface into specific service calls. On the service consumer side, the service proxy layer converts the service interface into specific method calls, and at the same time handles the communication details with the service provider, such as network transmission, load balancing, fault tolerance, etc. On the service provider side, the service proxy layer converts specific method calls into service implementation calls, and returns the results to consumers.
4. Service Implementation Layer
The service implementation layer is the specific implementation layer of the service provider, which includes the specific implementation logic defined by the service interface. On the service provider side, the service implementation layer implements the methods of the service interface as specific business logic, and provides services to consumers through the service proxy layer.
5. Service Registration Layer
The service registration layer is responsible for registering the service provider's address and service interface information to the registration center for service consumers to discover and call. In Dubbo, the registration center can be distributed coordination services such as ZooKeeper and Etcd. The service registration layer is responsible for interacting with the registration center to register and cancel service information.
6. Monitor Layer
The monitoring layer is responsible for collecting and displaying the running status and performance indicators of the Dubbo framework for real-time monitoring and management of distributed services. Dubbo provides a wealth of monitoring tools and APIs, which can monitor the number of service calls, response time, error rate and other indicators, and provide a visual monitoring interface.
7. Resource Layer
The resource layer is the infrastructure layer of Dubbo, which provides the underlying network communication and resource management functions. It includes basic components such as Dubbo's network transport layer, thread pool, and serialization, and is used to support operations such as remote invocation of services, thread management, and data serialization.
These layers achieve high flexibility and scalability through strict interface definition and decoupling design. Dubbo's architecture design enables service providers and consumers to evolve independently, only need to pay attention to their own business logic, without having to pay attention to the underlying communication and call details. At the same time, Dubbo provides a wealth of extension points and plug-in mechanisms, which can customize and expand each layer according to specific needs to meet the needs of different scenarios.