- Purpose
1. Master the method of subnetting;
2. Understand the functions of routers;
3. Master the configuration method of the router interface address;
4. Master the configuration method of static routing;
5. Master the commonly used network testing methods.
For Windows, install software such as Cisco Packet Tracer.
1. Reasonably plan the address block (including the network prefix) of each LAN. The planning principle: the address is sufficient and the waste is the least;
2. According to the plan, draw a picture in Packet Tracer and correctly configure information such as the router interface and the IP address of the PC (the topology diagram in Packet Tracer can refer to Figure 2, and the router can be 2911);
3. Configure static routing to achieve intercommunication between different LANs;
An autonomous system has 5 local area networks, and the connections are shown in Figure 1. The number of hosts on LAN2 to LAN5 are: 91, 150, 3 and 15 respectively. The IP address block assigned to this autonomous system is 30.138.118/23
planning:
The topology of the experiment:
| network |
website address |
network prefix |
PC address |
mask |
gateway |
router interface address |
| LAN3 |
30.138.118.0 |
24 |
30.138.118.2 |
255.255.255.0 |
30.138.118.1 |
30.138.118.1 |
| LAN2 |
30.138.119.0 |
25 |
30.138.119.2 |
255.255.255.128 |
30.138.119.1 |
30.138.119. |
| LAN5 |
30.138.119.128 |
27 |
30.138.119.130 |
255.255.255.224 |
30.138.119.129 |
30.138.119.129 |
| LAN4 |
30.138.119.192 |
27 |
30.138.119.194 |
255.255.255.224 |
30.138.119.193 |
30.138.119.193 |
| LAN1 |
30.138.119.224 |
27 |
30.138.119.228 |
255.255.255.224 |
30.138.119.225 |
30.138.119.225 and 30.138.119.226 and 30.138.119.227 |
Gateway (Gateway) is the "gateway" that connects one network to another network. That is, network barriers .
In fact, many documents about TCP/IP used to refer to routers used at the network layer as gateways, but in many local area networks today, routes are used to access the network, so the gateway usually refers to the default IP address of the router .
A gateway is a computer system or device that acts as a conversion task. When using different communication protocols, data formats or languages, or even two systems with completely different architectures, the gateway is a translator. Unlike a bridge that simply transmits information, a gateway repackages received information to suit the needs of the destination system. At the same time, the gateway can also provide filtering and security functions.
This is why we must set the default gateway address in the computer to the address of the LAN interface of the router when we have a router to access the Internet, because the LAN interface of the router is the gateway of your network . It must be forwarded through the gateway . At present, home routers generally use 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.0.1 as the addresses of the LAN interface, and these two addresses are also the most common gateway addresses.
To put it simply, the gateway is the bridge between the device and the router, and the correct gateway configuration can ensure that users can access the Internet normally.
At the beginning, the gateway was not configured correctly, so the host has been unable to ping the hosts in the remote network.
The configuration commands of the interface of each router and the configuration commands of static routes;
Route0
Route1
Route2
Connectivity between different LAN hosts
