Introduction to the openEuler operating system
openEuler is an open source and free operating system operated by the openEuler community. The current openEuler kernel is derived from Linux, supports Kunpeng and various other processors, and can fully release the potential of computing chips. It is an efficient, stable, and secure open source operating system built by global open source contributors, suitable for databases, big data, and cloud Computing, artificial intelligence and other application scenarios.
There are usually two versions of openEuler:
innovative version
Support technological innovation for Linux enthusiasts and teach new content, such as openEuler 20.09;
A new version is usually released every six months.
LTS
LTS is the stable version of openEuler, such as openEuler LTS 20.03;
A new version is usually released every two years.
openEuler open source operating system installation
installation process
Choose installation language
system settings
Installation location settings
The installation location setting is used to set the system installation location and system installation partition settings.
Select the disk where the system is installed;
Set Partitioning Automatically or Manually
In manual mode, you can set partitions by yourself, including ordinary partitions, logical volumes, and logical volumes in simplified mode;
It is recommended to set the following partitions when starting the openEuler system:
swap: Swap partition, used to replace dirty data in the memory when the memory space is insufficient. In the case of small memory, it is recommended to set it to twice the size of the memory. When the memory is large, the allocation can be reduced according to the situation.
/boot: system bootloader
/boot/efi: Bootloader and applications to be started by EFI firmware
/ : The root partition, everything starts from the root in Linux.
Choose to install software
The openEuler 20.03 LTS installation supports 3 software installation options:
minimal installation
Minimize the installation of Linux, and most software will not be installed. It is suitable for scholars who have a certain Linux foundation and want to understand the Linux architecture in depth. At the same time, they can selectively expand the software on the right.
server
Install the relevant software involved in the server scenario, and you can selectively expand the software on the right.
virtualization host
Install the relevant software involved in the virtualization scenario, and at the same time, you can selectively expand the software on the right
Set root password and create user
Use the openEuler operating system
GUI and CLI for Linux
GUI, Graphical User Interface, Graphical User Interface. All elements of the user interface are graphical, and the mouse is mainly used as an input tool, and buttons, menus, dialog boxes, etc. are used for interaction, and the pursuit of ease of use is pursued.
CLI, Command Line Interface, Command Line Interface. The user interface is characterized, and the keyboard is used as an input tool to input commands, options, and parameters to execute programs, pursuing high efficiency.
The openEuler 20.03 LTS version has no GUI for now.
Login Method
There are two main ways to log in to Linux:
local login
Similar to how to turn on your own computer or server and directly connect to the monitor;
A typical Linux system will run six virtual consoles and one graphics console, openEuler currently does not support a graphical interface;
You can switch between 6 virtual consoles by Ctrl+Alt+F[1-6].
remote login
By default, openEuler supports remote login, which can also be modified;
You can log in to openEuler remotely through tools such as putty and xshell.
Linux users
root is a special administrator in the Linux system:
Usually called super administrator, similar to Administrator in Windows system;
The root user has the highest authority and can even damage the system infinitely!
Do not use root unless necessary!
You can use su - username to switch users.
You can clearly know whether the current user is root or a normal user through the command prompt. In Unix or Linux systems, the end of the root user command prompt is usually #, and the common user is usually $.
You can also use the id command to view the current user name.
Bash shell quick operation
tab
You can use the tab key completion function to quickly enter commands or parameters.
history
The history tool records historical commands. You can use history to view historical commands, or use history n to execute historical commands numbered n.
up and down keys
You can press the up and down keys to quickly browse through the historical commands.
home and end
When you want to quickly move the cursor to the beginning or end of the current line, you can press the home or end key.
clear与Ctrl+L
When the page is full of characters and you want to quickly clear the screen, you can enter clear or press the Ctrl+L key combination to quickly clear the screen.