Chinese version download address: http://mobaxterm.info/soft/MobaXterm Chinese version.zip
Click to download English version
MobaXterm, also known as MobaXVT, is an enhanced terminal, X server, and Unix command set (GNU/Cygwin) toolbox. Multiple terminal windows can be opened, and X.Org, based on the latest X server, can easily try GNU Unix commands on Unix/Linux. In this way, we can try the virtual environment without installing a virtual machine, and then we can use most of the linux commands through MobaXterm. MobaXterm also has a strong ability to expand, and can integrate plug-ins to run Emacs, Fontforge, Gcc, G++ and development tools, MPlayer, Perl, Curl, Corkscrew, Tcl / Tk / Expect, Screen, Png2Ico, NEdit Midnight Commander and other programs.
MobaXterm is divided into free open source version and paid professional version.
- Free and open source version: The free and open source version is divided into convenient version (unzip and use) and installation version (requires step-by-step installation). The free version also has an "UNREGISTERED VERSION" prompt at the bottom of the terminal.
- Professional Edition (Professional): The Professional Edition will limit the number of sessions, SSH tunnels, and other customized configurations.
PuTTY is mature enough, compact, and focused on core tasks. It supports encoding, keyboard mapping, ssh tunneling through plink, scp file transfer through pscp, sftp client through psftp, and generation and management of ssh certificates through puttygen. It can be said that although putty is small, it has not lost any functions. Although the sparrow is small, it has all internal organs. But Putty does not have functions such as multi-service management and tab page switching.
1. Main functions
Support various connections SSH, X11, RDP, VNC, FTP, MOSH
Support Unix commands (bash, ls, cat, sed, grep, awk, rsync, ...)
After connecting to the SSH terminal, support SFTP to transfer files
Various plug-ins (git /dig/aria2…)
can run Windows or software
- 1. Session management: MobaXterm allows you to start remote sessions. You can choose to create SSH, Telnet, Rlogin, RDP, VNC, XDMCP, FTP, SFTP or serial sessions. Each session you start is automatically saved and displayed in the left sidebar.
- 2. Graphical SFTP browser: When you log in to a remote server using SSH, a graphical SFTP browser pops up on the left sidebar. It lets you drag and drop files directly from/to a remote server using a secure SFTP connection.
- 3. X11 Server: When you run an SSH, TELNET or RLOGIN/RSH session. You will be able to display your remote applications directly on your local Windows PC. In an SSH session, there is no need for MobaXterm to use X11 forwarding. To ease and protect your work set the "DISPLAY" variable.
- 4. Enhanced X extensions: The X.org-based embedded X server provides the latest features provided by the latest X server implementations: extended features such as OpenGL, composite or RANDR are included. Also supports XDMCP protocol.
- 5. Multiple Execution: Write Once, Run Anywhere: This tool allows you to run the same command on many different servers at the same time.
- 6. Embedded server: MobaXterm can start a network daemon for remote access. No additional tools or runtimes are required in order to use these daemons.
- 7. Embedded tools: MobaXterm brings some useful tools for system administrators, developpers, webmasters. All users who need to work efficiently with a computer.
- 8. Remote UNIX desktop (XDMCP): Thanks to MobaXterm you can work on remote Solaris desktops. Because if you are working on a local Windows computer using the XDMCP protocol.
- 9. Remote Windows Desktop (RDP): Take advantage of remote Windows computer/server control using RDP protocol. Many RDP configuration settings are available in the session manager.
- 10. SSH Gateway: In SSH, TELNET, RDP, VNC sessions, you can select "SSH-Gateway" (aka "Jump Host"). To tell MobaXterm to connect to the SSH server first before connecting to the terminal server to reach the end. This lets you reach some servers behind a firewall and protects your connection.
- 11. SSH Tunnel (Port Forwarding): Graphical SSH Tunnel Manager allows you to use intuitive graphical tools to create your SSH tunnel.
- 12. MobApt package manager: MobaXterm package manager (MobApt/apt-get). More Unix tools can be downloaded and used directly into the MobaXterm terminal. MobApt Package Manager (apt-get)
- 13. Text editor: When you use SSH to connect to the remote server. You will be able to edit remote files directly using the embedded text editor "MobaTextEditor".
- Just double click them! Direct version via SSH/SFTP
- 14. Macro support: You can record terminal macros in MobaXterm: everything you type in the terminal will be recorded. for later replay on other servers.
- 15. Password management: MobaXterm is what saves your session passwords and makes them safe using the "Master Password".
- 16. Professional customization: With MobaXterm Professional Edition, you can access professional support and "customize" the software. This program can generate a customized copy of MobaXterm with your own logo and default settings.
Multi-terminal split screen
MobaXterm has built-in multi-tab pages, horizontal and vertical 2-split screens and cross-shaped 4-split screens, which are used to manage multiple connections in one window. It is not necessary to open multiple windows to manage multiple servers.
Execute the same command in multiple windows at the same time
Write Once, Execute Anywhere: This tool allows you to execute the same command on many different servers simultaneously.
Built-in SFTP file transfer
If you use SSH to connect to the remote host, the SFTP connection will be automatically started on the left, and the file list on the server will be listed without any configuration. You can directly upload and download, and more conveniently, you can also make the current directory of the file list directly follow the current directory of the terminal to switch synchronously!
Disable automatic popup of SFTP : After Moba connects to the remote computer, it will automatically open the SFTP sidebar on the left. Sometimes we don't need SFTP, and the main window is black, and SFTP is white, which is a bit dazzling, so the automatic pop-up SFTP function can be turned off. Click "settings" --> "Configuration" in the menu bar, select "SSH" in the pop-up dialog box, and then remove the checkmark in front of "automaticall switch to SSH-browser tab after login".
Session management (SSH/Telnet/Rsh/Xdmcp/RDP/VNC/FTP/SFTP etc.)
MobaXterm allows you to start remote sessions. You can choose to create SSH, Telnet, Rlogin, RDP, VNC, XDMCP, FTP, SFTP, or serial sessions. Every session you start is automatically saved and displayed in the left sidebar.
You can see that MobaXterm supports complete remote desktop. Highly recommended for Windows server administrators.
After opening the software, click on the session (session control) in the upper left corner, and select SSH in the pop-up window:
Windows Remote Desktop (RDP)
Control remote Windows computer/server using RDP protocol. There are many RDP configuration settings available in Session Manager.
More friendly serial port connection settings. MobaXterm not only supports serial port connection, but also directly provides a drop-down box to select the serial port number and baud rate. When selecting the serial port number, it will also automatically display the name of the serial port device. This is quite happy for open source hardware players.
linux remote desktop (XDMCP)
With MobaXterm you can work on a remote Solaris desktop just as you would work locally on a Windows computer using the XDMCP protocol.
SSH gateway (jump host)
In ssh, telnet, RDP, VNC sessions, you can choose a "ssh -gateway" (aka "ssh -gateway"). "jump host") in order to tell MobaXterm to first connect to the SSH server and then to the end server you want to reach eventually. This allows you to access some servers behind a firewall and protects your connection.
SSH tunneling (port forwarding)
Graphical SSH Tunnel Manager allows you to create SSH tunnels using intuitive graphical tools.
MobApt package manager
The MobaXterm package manager (MobApt / apt-get) allows you to download and use more Unix tools directly to the MobaXterm terminal.
password management
MobaXterm is able to save your session passwords and keep them safe by using a "Master Password".
syntax highlighting in terminal
The MobaXterm embedded terminal can highlight syntax or use colors for keywords, even if you are connected to a remote server that does not support colors. This is especially useful when analyzing log files, editing code, or trying to detect important keywords. You can even easily build your own syntax definitions.
3. Common settings
Note: MobaXterm needs to be restarted after any configuration modification, otherwise it will not take effect.
cancel auto-close connection
MobaXterm uses ssh to directly connect to the remote host, or logs in to the remote server through the springboard machine, and the connection may be automatically closed if there is no operation for a period of time. To solve the problem of disconnecting after a while, we need to check the SSH Keepalive option under Setting.
Right click to quickly copy and paste
In Moba and many terminal tools, there is such a function: select and copy files with the left mouse button, and paste text with the right mouse button. However, the right-click paste function is not enabled by default in Moba, and we can manually enable it.
Using Windows Environment Variables
If you have installed node, Python and other environments under Windows and found that the relevant commands cannot be used in MobaXterm, open Settings – Configuration – Terminal – use Windows environment variables, as shown in the screenshot below.
4. Use MobaXterm to open the remote desktop of linux
1. Principle
X Window System is often referred to as X11 or X for short . Its functions include drawing and moving windows, and interacting with input devices such as mouse and keyboard. I believe that many novices know the startx command. If there is no X11, they can only type commands on the dark screen.
It adopts the C/S model: an X server communicates with multiple applications (clients). The server receives the client's request to draw the window, and passes the input from the mouse, keyboard and other devices to the client.
X serverv and vclientv can be located on the same computer, which is similar to the usual Windows operating system; when the X server and client are not on the same computer, use the local X server to draw and interact, and it becomes a remote desktop.
For example: the former is that you order a pizza at a pizza shop, and the clerk will help you prepare it for you next to you (this store is equivalent to the same computer); the latter is that you ordered a pizza online, After receiving the order, the clerk will come to your home and make a pizza for you (Note: VNC uses the store kitchen, and it will be delivered to you after it is ready; X forwarding uses your kitchen to make pizza). It doesn’t matter if you don’t understand, you can use it to
achieve The purpose is just fine.
Commonly used X Servers include free Xming , paid Xmanager (the very good Xshell terminal software is also produced by his family, free for home education users), etc.; the above needs to be manually configured, but with MobaXterm, everything becomes super simple!
1. X Protocol
Linux itself does not have a graphical interface, the so-called graphical interface system is just an application program under Linux . This is different from Windows. Windows Since Windows 95, the graphical interface has been implemented directly in the system kernel and is an integral part of the operating system . The graphical interface of Linux is based on the X protocol at the bottom layer.
The X protocol consists of X server and X client:
- X server manages display-related hardware settings on the host (such as graphics card, hard disk, mouse, etc.), and is responsible for drawing and displaying screen images, and notifying X client of input settings (such as keyboard and mouse).
- X client (that is, X application program) is mainly responsible for the processing of events (that is, the logic of the program).
For example, if the user clicks the left button of the mouse, because the mouse is managed by the X server, the X server captures the mouse click, and then it tells the X client the action, because the X client is responsible for the program logic, so the X client will According to the preset logic of the program (such as drawing a circle), tell the X server: "Please draw a circle at the position where the mouse is clicked". Finally, the X server responds to the request of the X client, and draws and displays a circle at the position where the mouse is clicked.
2. X11 Forwarding
What's the point of going around like this? Of course there is!
Many times the X server and X client are on the same host, which doesn't seem to be a problem. However, X server and X client can run on different machines, as long as they communicate with each other through X protocol. Therefore, we can do some "magic" things, such as displaying locally (X server) and running a GUI program (X client) on the server as mentioned at the beginning of this article. Such an operation can be realized through SSH X11 Forwarding (forwarding).
The X in X11 refers to the X protocol, and 11 refers to the 11th version using the X protocol.
3. MobaXterm
So what the hell is MobaXterm? MobaXterm is an open source, free, full-featured terminal software. It is similar to PuTTY, but much more powerful than PuTTY. One of the very useful functions is that MobaXterm comes with its own X Server. In this way, we don't have to bother to think about how to start the X server on Windows.
To sum up, the whole implementation logic is:
The local machine uses MobaXterm (with its own X server) to connect to the remote server. Then, run the GUI program (that is, the X client) on the server, and forward it to the local (on the Windows machine) through SSH X11 Forwarding.
Two, actual combat
1. Server side
Install X11 Forwarding related software
sudo yum install xorg-x11-xauth xorg-x11-fonts-* xorg-x11-font-utils xorg-x11-fonts-Type1 xclock
Enable X11 Forwarding
sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
Remove the # in front of X11Forwarding and X11UseLocalhost, and set X11Forwarding to yes, and X11UseLocalhost to no (I have doubts about this modification, and I don’t understand why it was modified)
#AllowAgentForwarding yes #AllowTcpForwarding yes #GatewayPorts no X11Forwarding yes #X11DisplayOffset 10 X11UseLocalhost no
Restart the sshd service
sudo systemctl restart sshd.service
2. Local (Windows side)
Download and install MobaXterm
remote connection server
Notice that both X11-forwarding and DISPLAY are marked with a green tick, which means the setting is successful.
3. Verification
Run a GUI program on the server side, such as
xclock
At this time, you can see the corresponding graphical interface (window) locally (Windows side)
