<MySQL> "MySQL Common Commands Encyclopedia for Linux"

1 Software installation

1.1 View MySQL version

mysql -V
或
mysqld --version

1.2 Start and stop command

//启动
mysqladmin start
或
/ect/init.d/mysql start (前面为mysql的安装路径)
//重启
mysqladmin restart
或
/ect/init.d/mysql restart (前面为mysql的安装路径)
//关闭
mysqladmin shutdown
或
/ect/init.d/mysql shutdown (前面为mysql的安装路径)

1.3 Connecting and disconnecting the database

//连接
进入目录mysql\bin，再键入命令mysql -uroot -p， 回车后提示输入密码。
//退出
exit

1.4 Create a database

create database 库名;
//GBK
create database test2 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci;
//UTF8
CREATE DATABASE `test2` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

1.5 Create table

create table 表名(字段设定列表);

2 permissions

2.1 Create user

create user user1@‘192.168.1.1‘;
create user user1@‘192.168.1.1‘ password expire interval 30 day;

2.2 Authorization, initial password

grant select,insert,delete,update,create on db_name.* to user1@‘192.168.1.1‘ identified by ‘password‘;

2.3 Change password

alter user user1@‘192.168.1.1‘ identified by ‘password‘;

2.4 Modify user password expiration time

alter user user1@‘192.168.1.1‘ password expire interval 30 day;

2.5 Lock users

alter user user1@‘192.168.1.1‘ ACCOUNT LOCK;

2.6 Unlock user

alter user user1@‘192.168.1.1‘ ACCOUNT UNLOCK;

2.7 Withdrawal of permissions

revoke update,create on db_name.* from user1@‘192.168.1.1‘;

2.8 Refresh permissions (must be executed after modifying permissions)

flush privileges;

2.9 View permissions

show grants for user1@‘192.168.1.1‘;

3 shows

3.1 Database

show databases;
// 查看当前数据库
select database();

3.2 Database tables

use mysql; //打开库
show tables;
// 查看指定数据库所有表
show tables from db_name;

3.3 Table structure

describe 表名;

3.4 View the table creation statement

show create table table_name;

3.5 Query the first 10 rows of data,

//limit 关键字必须放在 SQL 语句的最后
select * from test1 limit 10;

// 查看第 6-10 行数据 
select * from test1 limit 5,5;

4 operation

4.1 Delete library

drop database 库名;

4.2 Delete table

drop table 表名;

4.3 Clear the table

delete from 表名;
或
truncate table 表名;

4.4 Renaming tables

alter table t1 rename t2;

4.5 Modify table storage engine

alter table table_name engine=innodb;

5 maintenance

5.1 View SQL execution efficiency

explain < SQL >
//示例
explain < table_name >

5.2 Import data (text)

 LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE "D:/mysql.txt" INTO TABLE MYTABLE;

5.3 Export the entire database

mysqldump -u 用户名 -p --default-character-set=latin1 数据库名 > 导出的文件名(数据库默认编码是latin1)
//举例
mysqldump -u wcnc -p smgp_apps_wcnc > wcnc.sql

5.4 Export a table

mysqldump -u 用户名 -p 数据库名 表名> 导出的文件名
//举例
mysqldump -u wcnc -p smgp_apps_wcnc users> wcnc_users.sql

5.5 Export database structure

mysqldump -u wcnc -p -d -add-drop-table smgp_apps_wcnc >d:wcnc_db.sql

-d 没有数据 -add-drop-table 在每个create语句之前增加一个drop table

5.6 Import database

5.6.1 source command

进入mysql数据库控制台，

　　如mysql -u root -p

mysql>use 数据库

　　然后使用source命令，后面参数为脚本文件(如这里用到的.sql)

mysql>source wcnc_db.sql

5.6.2 mysqldump command

mysqldump -u username -p dbname < filename.sql

5.6.3 mysql command

mysql -u username -p -D dbname < filename.sql

6 management

6.1 View all connections

show full processlist;

6.2 View MGR node status

select * from performance_schema.replication_group_members;

6.3 View parameters

show [global|session] variables like ‘%buffer_pool%‘;

6.4 Modify parameters (limited to parameters that can be modified online)

set [global|session] autocommit=1;

6.5 View status

show [global|session] status like ‘%Com_%‘;

6.6 View slave library status

show slave status\G

6.7 Start copy thread from library

start slave;

6.8 Start slave library IO thread

start slave IO_THREAD;

6.9 Start the SQL thread from the library

start slave SQL_THREAD;

6.10 Start the specified channel from the library thread

start slave for channel "moshi";

6.11 Stop copying thread from library

stop slave

6.12 Clear slave library configuration: Execute in slave library, used to rebuild master-slave relationship, unrecoverable, operate with caution

reset slave all;