Past review:
Chapter 1: [Cloud Native Concepts and Technologies]
Chapter 2: 2.1 Basic knowledge of containerization and Docker container
Chapter 2: 2.2 Dockerfile writing and best practices
Chapter 2: 2.3 Container Orchestration and Kubernetes Scheduling
Chapter 2: 2.4 Container Networking and Storage
2.5 Security and Compliance Considerations for Containerized Applications
Containerizing an application is the packaging of an application and its dependencies into a self-contained, portable container to run in different environments. However, there are security and compliance issues to consider when using containerized applications. The following is an overview of security and compliance considerations for containerized applications
2.5.1 Security considerations
- Operating System Vulnerabilities
Containerized applications share the operating system kernel, which means that if the operating system is vulnerable, all containers can be attacked. Therefore, there is a need to regularly update the operating system and container images, as well as monitor for any security vulnerabilities and fix them in a timely manner.
- Isolation between containers
In order to protect a container from being attacked by other containers or the host, it is necessary to ensure that there is sufficient isolation between the container and other containers. It can be achieved by setting network policies, using sandbox technology, limiting resources, etc.
- application vulnerability
Containerized applications may also have their own application vulnerabilities such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), etc. Applications need to be continuously tested and vulnerability scanning tools are used to detect and patch application vulnerabilities.
- Authentication and Authorization
Containerized applications require authentication and authorization of users to ensure restricted access. Multiple authentication and authorization methods can be used such as OAuth2, JSON Web Token (JWT), Role Based Access Control (RBAC), etc.
2.5.2 Compliance considerations
- data privacy
Since containerized applications share the same operating system kernel, it is necessary to ensure that data is not leaked into other containers. Data privacy can be ensured by encrypting data, using network isolation, limiting resource sharing between containers, and more.
- Compliance Standards
Depending on industry and legal requirements, specific compliance standards such as HIPAA, PCI-DSS, etc. may be required. It is necessary to ensure that containerized applications meet these standards and that there are security measures in place to protect data and applications.
- audit log
To ensure the compliance of containerized applications, regular audits are required. Audits can check for unauthorized activity, security breaches, and compliance with laws, regulations, and standards, among other requirements. In addition, audit logs need to be established, and alerts and responses to abnormal conditions are required.