[Spring Framework 1] - Introduction to Spring Framework

Series Article Directory

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foreword

The Spring framework was originally created by Rod Johnson in 2002, and its main purpose is to solve some common problems faced in enterprise application development. The following is mainly an introduction to the Spring framework, including what is the Spring framework? What problems does the Spring framework solve? The relationship between Spring and Spring boot and Spring cloud

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1. What is the Spring framework?

Spring is an open source framework developed based on the Java language for building enterprise-level applications.
It provides a set of reusable core components, including dependency injection (DI) and aspect-oriented programming (AOP), and also provides many extended components including Web development (Spring MVC), data access (Spring JDBC, Spring ORM, etc.) , security (Spring Security implements authentication and authorization), integration (provides many integration supports such as JMS, Struts, JMX, etc.).

Correspondingly, because it is used to build enterprise-level applications, it is necessary to have developers who can develop highly scalable and low-maintenance programs in a short period of time.
Spring has the ability to solve these problems.

Second, the advantages of the Spring framework

1. Simplify the development process: Spring provides many ready-made functions that allow developers to reduce the work of writing repetitive code when building applications.

These out-of-the-box features include, but are not limited to:

1. The Ioc container can help developers automatically manage operations such as object creation, destruction, and dependency injection. Developers only need to declare the Bean definition in configuration files or annotations, and let the Spring container automatically complete object management.
2. AOP support: The Spring framework provides AOP support for aspect-oriented programming, which can help developers implement cross-cutting concerns such as logging, performance monitoring, and transaction management. Developers can use Spring's AOP mechanisms to separate these concerns from business logic and apply them throughout the application.
3. Data access: modules such as Spring JDBC, Spring ORM, and Spring Data can help developers quickly access and operate various data storage technologies, such as relational databases and NoSQL databases
4. Web development: The Spring framework provides the Spring MVC module, which can help developers quickly build web applications.
5. Security: The Spring framework provides the Spring Security module, which can help developers implement various security requirements, such as authentication and authorization.
6. Integration: The Spring framework provides many integration supports that can help developers integrate Spring with other technologies and frameworks. The integration support of technologies such as JMS and JMX can easily use these technologies in applications.
   These ready-made functions can enable developers to reduce the work of writing repetitive codes when building applications, improve development efficiency, reduce error rates, and enable developers to focus more on the realization of business logic.

2. Improve maintainability: The Spring framework adopts a loosely coupled design, which makes the dependencies between components clearer, thereby improving the maintainability of the code.

3. Active community: The Spring framework has a huge developer community that can help developers solve various problems.

3. The relationship between Spring and SpringBoot SpringCloud

Spring is a Java application development framework that provides many infrastructures and services, such as dependency injection, aspect-oriented programming, data access, Web development, etc. Spring provides a wealth of functions and tools that can help developers simplify the development process and improve code maintainability and testability.

Spring Boot is a rapid development framework built on the basis of the Spring framework, which provides features such as automatic configuration, rapid development, and code-free generation. Spring Boot can help developers quickly create Spring-based applications and reduce the complexity of development and deployment.

Spring Cloud is a framework for building distributed systems. It is built on Spring Boot and provides a series of distributed system development tools and services, such as service discovery, load balancing, configuration management, and circuit breakers. Spring Cloud can help developers build highly available, scalable, and easy-to-maintain distributed systems.

To sum up, Spring is infrastructure and services, Spring Boot is a rapid development framework based on Spring, and Spring Cloud is a distributed system framework based on Spring Boot. Developers can choose to use Spring, Spring Boot or Spring Cloud according to their needs.

4. Other commonly used frameworks

In addition to the Spring framework, there are many commonly used frameworks that can help developers accelerate application development, improve development efficiency and application quality

Other common frameworks:

1. Web framework: In addition to Spring MVC, there are many web frameworks, such as Struts2, Play, JSF, Vaadin, etc. These frameworks provide different features and advantages, and developers can choose to use them according to their needs.
2. ORM framework: An ORM framework can help developers map between applications and databases, thereby improving the performance and maintainability of applications. Commonly used ORM frameworks include Hibernate, MyBatis, JPA, etc.
3. Database connection pool: The database connection pool can help the application manage the database connection and improve the performance and reliability of the database. Commonly used database connection pools include Druid, HikariCP, Tomcat JDBC Pool, etc.
4. Cache Framework: A cache framework can help applications manage caches and improve application performance and scalability. Commonly used cache frameworks include Redis, Memcached, Ehcache, etc.
5. Message queuing framework: The message queuing framework can help applications manage message queues and achieve asynchronous processing and decoupling. Commonly used message queue frameworks include Kafka, RabbitMQ, ActiveMQ, etc.
6. Security framework: The security framework can help applications implement authentication and authorization, and protect application security. Commonly used security frameworks include Spring Security, Apache Shiro, etc.
7. Distributed framework: A distributed framework can help applications implement functions such as distributed computing, load balancing, and high availability. Commonly used distributed frameworks include Dubbo, Spring Cloud, etc.
   In short, in addition to the Spring framework, there are many commonly used frameworks that developers can choose to use according to their needs.