Talking about the application scenarios of blockchain technology
1. Introduction to blockchain technology
2. Blockchain technology foundation
1. A network that transmits information between peers
2. Asymmetric encryption technology
3. Application scenario of blockchain technology based on software level
The combination of blockchain technology and identity recognition
Summary
Blockchain was first used as a basic core technology in digital cryptocurrency, and has gradually entered the public's field of vision with the rise of Bitcoin in recent years. On the whole, blockchain technology is still in the early stage of exploration, with more concept verification than application implementation. Due to the decentralization and anti-tampering characteristics of the blockchain, many countries have conducted extensive research on the blockchain. The main application scenarios of the blockchain include digital encryption currency, financial transactions and clearing, resource sharing, trade management, etc. . At present, the value of blockchain has surpassed Bitcoin itself. It can fundamentally change the current business model, production relationship and the existing trust mechanism of human society, and will cause another huge subversion to the existing life of human beings. This paper makes a brief analysis of the actual application scenarios and future development of blockchain technology based on the current application market situation.
Key words: blockchain technology; application scenarios; future prospects.
1. Introduction to blockchain technology
Basic Concepts of Blockchain
Blockchain was originally a unique way of storing data in cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. It is a self-referential data structure used to store a large amount of transaction information. Each record is linked in an orderly manner from the back to the front. It cannot be tampered with and is easy to trace. At present, when we talk about the blockchain alone, we refer to the blockchain technology, which is a product architecture design method that realizes data disclosure, transparency, and traceability, and is counted as a blockchain in a broad sense.
2. Blockchain technology foundation
The correct posture for technicians to view the blockchain
Although the blockchain is an emerging concept, the technologies it relies on are not new at all, such as asymmetric encryption technology, P2P network protocols, etc. Blockchain is essentially a P2P-based value transmission protocol. It can be said that the blockchain is more like an interdisciplinary subject, combining knowledge of P2P network technology, asymmetric encryption technology, macroeconomics, economic games, etc., to build a new field - the exploration of value Internet.
1. A network that transmits information between peers
Referred to as P2P network. P2P network is a new network technology that relies on the computing power and bandwidth of the participants in the network, rather than relying on a few servers. P2P networks are generally used to connect nodes through Ad Hoc connections. This type of network can be used for a variety of purposes, and various file-sharing software has been widely used. P2P technology is also used in data communication of real-time media services such as VoIP.
2. Asymmetric encryption technology
Asymmetric encryption (asymmetric cryptography), also known as public-key cryptography (Public-key cryptography), is an algorithm in cryptography that requires two keys, one is a public key and the other is a private key. As the name implies, the public key can be published arbitrarily; the private key must be kept strictly secret by the user, and will never be provided to anyone through any means, nor will it be disclosed to the other party to communicate, even if he is trusted.
3. Consensus mechanism
That is, all nodes in the network need to reach a consensus on the algorithm of the blockchain, and the nodes do not need to trust each other. The information calculated by the algorithm can ensure the reliability of the transaction and realize the safe storage of data. At the same time, every new block generated by a node needs to be approved by more than 51% of the entire network before it can be added to the blockchain of the entire network and constitute one of the historical records of the general ledger that cannot be tampered with.
3. Application scenario of blockchain technology based on software level
application layer
This level is similar to various software programs in computers, and it is a product that ordinary people can really use directly. It can also be understood as a browser in B/S architecture products. All kinds of light wallets (clients) that you use should be regarded as the simplest and most typical application in the application layer.
Financial services : Potential advantages brought by the blockchain include reducing transaction costs and reducing the risk of cross-organizational transactions. Blockchain applications in this field are currently the most concerned, and many banks and financial trading institutions around the world are the main promoters. Some investment institutions are also applying blockchain technology to reduce management costs and control risks. On the other hand, pay attention to possible problems and risks.
Credit investigation and ownership management : The digital management of credit investigation and ownership is the dream of both large social platforms and insurance companies. At present, the main technical problems in this field include lack of sufficient data and analysis capabilities; lack of reliable platform support and effective data integration management, etc. Blockchain is believed to facilitate data transactions and flows, providing secure and reliable support. The threshold of the credit investigation industry is relatively high, and multiple resources are needed to jointly promote it
Resource sharing : Sharing economy companies represented by Airbnb will welcome decentralized applications, which can reduce management costs. The themes in this field are relatively concentrated, the design space is large, and it has received a lot of investment attention;
Trade management : Blockchain technology can help automate cumbersome formalities and processes in the world of international trade and logistics supply chains. A trade management solution based on blockchain design will bring great convenience to participating multi-party enterprises. In addition, the digitization of sales and legal contracts in trade, cargo monitoring and testing, and real-time payment may all become breakthroughs for start-up companies;
Internet of Things : The Internet of Things is also a field that is very suitable for the application of blockchain technology. It is expected that a large number of applications will appear in the next few years, especially certain scenarios such as leasing and logistics, which are all suitable for combining blockchain technology. But at this stage, the technical limitations of the Internet of Things itself will prevent large-scale applications in the short term.
The combination of blockchain technology and identity recognition
With the development and wide application of blockchain technology, the interaction between chains has become the focus of attention. Cross-chain identity authentication and management is the basis for realizing trusted interaction of blockchains. Aiming at the insufficient security and performance problems in the current cross-chain identity authentication and management, a user identity authentication model for cross-chain systems based on ECC-ZKP (Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem-Zero—Knowledge Proof) is proposed. By studying the cross-chain identity model, the elliptic curve encryption algorithm and zero-knowledge proof are introduced to realize cross-chain identity registration, update and authentication, and provide trusted identity authentication services for users' cross-chain access and communication. Analysis and testing show that the scheme has high security, and performs well in terms of processing efficiency and resource utilization. Now two projects combining blockchain and identity recognition are gradually implementing this idea. ShoCard is a service that saves the data fingerprint of physical ID documents on the blockchain. When the user scans their ID card with their mobile phone, the ShoCard application will encrypt the ID information and save it locally, and save the data fingerprint to the blockchain. Bitnation's project is more radical. Users register as Bitnation's "citizens" through the blockchain on its official website and obtain Bitnation's "world citizen ID card". Then, with this identity, you can get various civic services that Bitnation self-approves.
4. Summary and Outlook
On the whole, blockchain technology is still in the early stage of exploration, with more concept verification than application implementation. Among them, the public chain market competition in the underlying development platform is fierce, the alliance chain is rising, and the cross-chain innovation is moving forward steadily. General technology services are developing rapidly, and smart contracts, BaaS, and DApps are showing healthy development and explosive trends.
The mining hardware infrastructure in supporting supporting services is greatly affected by the capital market, and with the promotion of more currency-free application scenarios in the future, the development prospects are limited. Centralized exchanges and decentralized exchanges coexist, and the development of digital wallets will follow. The increase in the attention of digital assets and the improvement of the industrial ecology have become a sharp weapon for acquiring users and promoting applications.
We believe that with the maturity of blockchain talents, supervision, standards and other aspects of policies, the consensus and trust mechanism built by its unique technology will help improve the efficiency of collaboration between enterprises, enhance the linkage and synergy between industries, and even overcome trade disputes. Barriers and promotion of global economic and social integration will play an important role in promoting. Especially under the background of China's new normal, it has important practical significance for the ongoing industrial transformation and upgrading, the construction of a modern economic system and high-quality development.
references:
【1】Wang Sasa, Dai Bingrong, Zhu Menglu, Li Chao. "User Identity Authentication Model for Cross-chain Systems" [J]. Computer Engineering and Application
【2】Chang Jia, Han Feng. "Blockchain: From Digital Currency to Credit Society" [J]. State-owned Enterprise Management, 2018(07):18.
[3] Qifeng Research Institute. "Summary and Prospect of Blockchain Technology Development in 2018" January 2019
【4】Other literature and online public information
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