1. The caret (^) does not mean a power, but an XOR operator
First of all, note that the caret (^) in C++ does not mean a power, it means an XOR operator!
XOR operator, perform "XOR" operation by binary bit . Operation rules:
same as 0, different as 1
0^0=0;
0^1=1;
1^0=1;
1^1=0;
Suppose if A = 60, and B = 13, now represented in binary format, they look like this:
A = 0011 1100
B = 0000 1101
A^B = 0011 0001
which is 49.
2. Use pow to represent the power
The most practical way is to use the pow function in <math.h>, remember to include <math.h>
pow(base, exponent);
Where base is the base and exponent is the index
such as: pow(2, 3) = 8
3. Scientific notation
C++ uses e to represent scientific notation, and don't confuse it with power notation.
For example: 0.01 = 1e-2
100 = 1e2